Exploitation of Beach Sand Minerals in the Offshore Areas – Legal perspective in the light of MMDR Act, 1957 and OAMDR Act, 2002

Beach Sand Minerals (BSM) form by weathering and erosion of the rocks in the hinterland which are liberated, disintegrate by various processes and, are transportation by the streams to the sites of deposition (coastal plains). These minerals get concentrated along the coastal areas due to constant winnowing by wave action. It is well documented that sea level changes have occurred along the coastal areas at different points of time whose signatures on land can be seen in the form of palaeo-strandline occurring up to 15-20 km from the present day coast. On a similar analogy and in view of bathymetric profile of the sea floor, BSM deposits are expected in the offshore areas as well, in continuity to onshore deposits, which possibly are the submerged onshore deposits of the past. Mineral Concessions in respect of onshore BSM deposits are governed with the Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation (MMDR) Act, 1957 and those in the offshore are governed as per the Offshore Areas Mineral Development and Regulation (OAMDR) Act, 2002 and the rules thereunder respectively. This paper deals with various provisions of these Acts and recent policies of the Government to harmonize mineral concession in offshore areas in line with the onshore BSM deposits.

Lake Clark National Park and Preserve: Geologic resources inventory report

Geologic Resources Inventory reports provide information and resources to help park managers make decisions for visitor safety, planning and protection of infrastructure, and preservation of natural and cultural resources. Information in GRI reports may also be useful for interpretation. This report synthesizes discussions from a scoping meeting held in 2005 and a follow-up conference call in 2018. Chapters of this report discuss the geologic setting and significance, geologic features and processes, and geologic resource management issues within Lake Clark National Park and Preserve. Information about the previously completed GRI map data is also provided. GRI map posters (separate product) illustrate these data. Geologic features, processes, and resource management issues identified include volcanoes and volcanic hazards, bedrock, faults and folds, landslides and rockfall, earthquakes, tsunamis, mineral development and abandoned mineral lands, paleontological resources, glaciers and glacier monitoring, lakes, permafrost, and coastal features.

State of Mining Education in Africa: A Case of Zambia

The mineral industry needs a steady supply of skilled professionals entering the workforce, it must be recognized that as mineral development becomes more complex and technical the training of mineral industry professionals should be adjusted to reflect this. The mineral industry has undergone several changes in terms of technological advances, it is further envisioned that the future mine will rely on a highly skilled skeleton labour force with the ability to perform several tasks through automated and remote-controlled operations and monitoring. This paper assesses Zambia’s mining education to uncover whether the current state of mining education curricula is in a position to address the need of the future mining industry. This assessment was done based on four key areas of the future mine. These key areas have been identified as operating practices and technology, talent and leadership, partnership with key stakeholders, and governance. A comparative analysis with three mining Universities in the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region was undertaken. From the assessment, mining education in Zambia’s two largest mining Universities, namely, the University of Zambia (UNZA) and Copperbelt University (CBU) needs to be refined to fully address the future needs of the mining industry.

Optimum Open Pit Design for Kenticha Tantalite Mine, Southern Ethiopia

The mining sector’s share in Ethiopia’s economy is gradually increasing. Among metallic mines, Legadembi for gold and Kenticha for tantalum are the main contributors. At Kenticha, the Ethiopian Mineral Development Share Company is producing tantalite concentrate of 40-60% grade by open pit mining. The mine area is comprised of the rocks of Neoproterozoic age, pegmatite, granite, serpentinite, and talc-chlorite schist. The ore-bearing pegmatite intruding the basement serpentinite, and talc schist rocks, is asymmetric, N-S trending, and locally affected by fractures and local faults. Mining, at present, is being done using conventional methods not by developing benches. An optimum open pit design is developed and its impact on the run of mine is evaluated based on the field data, technical mine report data, borehole data, tonnage data, grade data, and mine survey. The suggested design has taken into account the mine drainage, bench design, haul road design, and mine waste dump design. Also keeping in view the future mining and production requirements. The suggested open pit mine design can minimize the dilution and improve the ore recovery.

Transnational Mining Law

The rise of transnational law in the global mining context has led to legitimacy concerns. This chapter introduces international sustainable mineral development law, then explores resistance to global mining expressed by local communities of the Global South. Ideal host state regulation for sustainable mining is examined as proposed in a Mining Policy Framework developed by the Intergovernmental Forum on Mining, Minerals, Metals and Sustainable Development. International standards of business conduct developed through multistakeholder processes are then introduced, before turning to the role of home states in the prevention and remedy of harm, comparing developments in Canada and China.

Evaluation of the omission of nutrients in the mineral development and composition of young cupuaçuzeiro plants (Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum.) progeny 61

Include the abstract in English. (TNR font 10 – simple space) The objectives of the study were to evaluate the fertility of the Yellow Latosol medium texture in plants of cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum) progeny 61 and to characterize the visual symptoms of macronutrient and micronutrient deficiencies. The plants were grown in nutrient solution containing all macronutrients and micronutrients and in solutions with omission of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, and Zn, using the missing element technique. The experimental design was completely randomized with eleven treatments and five replications. Growth was evaluated through production and dry matter at 60 days after planting. The progeny showed market potential, as it is more productive than the others, but it presents nutritional requirements similar to those of the cultivars already studied. The nutrient required in greater quantities by the culture was nitrogen, but the omission, but limiting, was that of potassium for biometric variables. The best treatment was complete followed by omission of zinc, but the difference between them was significant. The levels of nutrients in the leaves were similar to those found by other authors in other cultivars. The decreasing order of treatments was C> Zn> T> N> P> Ca> Mg> S> B> K.

The Circular Economy, Resilience, and Digital Technology Deployment in the Mining and Mineral Industry

The mining and mineral industry is not easily associated with sustainable development. The one is focused on the exploitation of the planet's limited natural resources, while the other attempts to promote development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the needs of future generations. This article looks at the industry's approach to the core sustainability concepts of the circular economy and resilience and finds that leading companies in this industry have drawn on the concept of resilience in reporting on their sustainability strategies, but that there has been little interest in the concept of the circular economy. The article also assesses the current and potential impact of information and communication technologies in supporting sustainability objectives in the industry. It concludes that technology innovation will be a key enabler in supporting the mining and mineral development industry to more formally address the challenges of sustainable development, and support a transition to a more sustainable future.

Study on Remote Sensing Dynamic Monitoring of Geological Environment

<p>With the continuous development of science and technology, remote sensing technology has become more and more mature and more advanced in our country, and the application of remote sensing technology to the monitoring of geological environment is also an important research problem in continuous improvement in recent years. China has a vast land area, rich mineral resources, strong geological diversity and complex geological environment, and the geological exploration of the origin of mineral resources is a prerequisite for the rationality of mineral development. Therefore, the remote sensing dynamic monitoring of geological environment plays a decisive role in mineral development. With the development of mineral resources, China’s mineral environment is getting worse and worse. In order to ensure the long-term development of mineral resources and the safety of mining personnel. Remote sensing dynamic monitoring of geological environment in mineral areas is of great significance. Based on this, this paper will study the remote sensing monitoring data of mining, and provide help for the remote sensing monitoring of geological environment of mineral development in China.</p>