scholarly journals Directions of Career Transport Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 144-150
Author(s):  
Mark L. Khazin
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Mining Dump Truck

Since the beginning of the civilization emergence, people began to use the minerals extraction on the surface of the Earth and the rock mass transportation. One of the main tasks of the mining industry is the transportation of an increasing rock mass amount from the quarry, which has caused the need to increase the power and carrying capacity of mining dump trucks. Today, we can assume that the revolutionary period of increasing the carrying capacity in the creation of heavy-duty dump trucks is over. Further improvement of the designs of frame dump trucks is impractical. To create super-powerful dump trucks capable of efficiently transporting rock mass from deep horizons, fundamentally different designs of machines and power plants are needed. The most important requirement for promising machines is to minimize the negative impact on the environment. In its development, mining vehicles have come a long way: a hand wheelbarrow - a horse cart - a truck - a diesel mining dump truck - a diesel-electric mining dump truck - an electric mining dump truck - an unmanned electric mining dump truck. According to the law of the transition from quantity to quality, it can be assumed that the period of increasing the carrying capacity of mining dump trucks has ended (quantitative changes), and a new period of qualitative changes begins (the development of new types of mining transport, an increase in the specific capacity of a power plant, the use of other energy carriers, etc.). An important area is the use of artificial intelligence: robotic dump trucks, self-diagnostic systems, etc. The main requirement for promising machines is to reduce the cost of transporting rock mass and a minimum negative impact on the environment.

scholarly journals Novations in creation and ensuring the competitiveness of BELAZ quarry machinery

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
P. A. Parkhomchik ◽  
P. A. Vityaz ◽  
A. N. Egorov ◽  
V. I. Moiseenko ◽  
A. M. Naskovets ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Mining Equipment ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
Rigid Frame ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Competitive Products ◽  
New Generation

The development tasks of OJSC “BELAZ” – Management Company of Holding “BELAZ-HOLDING”, are defined, which consist in using and introducing the latest achievements in the field of technical sciences and innovative technologies created on their basis into the design and production processes of mining equipment; development of new competitive products and promising sales markets, diversification of exports. Together with scientific organizations, studies have been carried out that have allowed us to develop new and improve existing methodological approaches to solving urgent problems in all problematic areas of creating modern mining dump trucks especially and in excess of extra heavy lifting capacity. OJSC “BELAZ” is the only manufacturer and supplier of dump trucks with a carrying capacity of 450–500 tons. As a result of research on the creation of such machines, the model of a short-base maneuverable dump truck with a rigid frame of a special design was first recommended, which reduces the center of gravity and loading height of a mining dump truck, designed according to the 4 × 4 scheme (two drive axles) with double axle busbar and the use of existing tires with a maximum carrying capacity of 104 tons. The proposed and comprehensively tested new layout solutions give reason to believe that the development of dump trucks with a carrying capacity of up to 600 tons is a reality when mastering the production of tires with a carrying capacity of more than 110 tons. А new generation of dump trucks with hydromechanical transmissions is designed; work is underway to create robotic complexes for the mining industry. Particular attention is paid to computerization, digitalization and environmental friendliness of mining equipment, ensuring the reliability of technology by creating and applying new structural materials and technologies for large parts and systems.

Experimental testing of open pit dump trucks in operating conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 530-542
Author(s):  
A. G. Zhuravlev ◽  
M. V. Isakov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plants ◽  
Experimental Testing ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Experimental Measurements ◽  
Complex Data ◽  
Special Unit ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Dump Trucks

The high importance of optimizing the operation of quarry transport is confirmed by the leading share of its costs in the total cost of mining. The current direction of optimization is the development and implementation of digital technologies for processing complex data on the parameters of transport vehicles. The solution of the above issues should be based on the results of scientific research on the collection and processing of information. Developed a set of techniques to perform experimental measurements of working parameters of mining dump trucks as part of a special unit experiments, and long monitoring measurements. A set of equipment for performing experimental measurements, as well as its installation on a dump truck is presented. The data of experimental measurements and a methodical approach to their analysis are presented. In particular, it shows the identification of operating modes of the power plant and the construction of the load diagram, the identification of elements of the transport cycle, etc. The approach to substantiation of innovative designs of power plants adapted to the conditions of a particular quarry is shown on the example of calculated schedules of energy consumption and reserve of recovery of braking energy. The proposed hardware-methodical complex is a research model for the development of methods for automated data collection and processing in the formation of elements of digital mining production.

scholarly journals Justification of the Number and Type of Tire Size for a Dump Truck with a Lifting Capacity from 90 to 130 Tons

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 03015
Author(s):  
Dmitry Dubinkin ◽  
Alexander Kulpin ◽  
Dmitry Stenin
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Surface Mining ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Lifting Capacity ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Traditional Arrangement

The article substantiates the quantity and type of tire size for a dump truck with a carrying capacity from 90 to 130 tons. Types of tire sizes for dump trucks are given, as well as an analysis of applicable tires for dump trucks. An example of tire configuration for a dump truck is described, as well as the differences between projects and dump trucks with the traditional arrangement of large tires. The working productivity of large tires was cal- culated using the TKH “tons per kilometer per hour” technique. The general tasks that need to be addressed when designing a dump truck are highlighted. The conclusion is made on the relevance of the development of scientifically based approaches when designing dump trucks. The above data indicate that when surface mining, it is possible to solve the economic problem of reduc- ing the operating costs of transporting minerals by applying the proposed arrangement and number of large tires when designing new dump trucks, including robotic and unmanned ones.

scholarly journals Assessment of operational reliability of quarry excavator-dump truck complexes

2020 ◽  
Vol 241 ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
V. Kurganov ◽  
M. Gryaznov ◽  
S. Kolobanov
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Operational Reliability ◽  
Transport Processes ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Structural Redundancy ◽  
Operational Management ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Three Stages ◽  
Daily Plan

The method proposed in the article is based on the mathematical apparatus for quantitative assessment of the reliability of majority schemes of structural redundancy of transport processes, which provide the availability and usage of several backup delivery channels in the transport process in case of any malfunction. The principle of multi-channel haulage is commonly used in quarries for transportation of overburden and minerals from benches by dump trucks, when excavators and dump trucks performing cyclic operations function as a single excavator-dump truck complex. This pattern of work significantly increases the likelihood of fulfilling the daily plan for transporting rock mass due to the redistribution of dump trucks between mining and overburden excavators in the event of failure of one or more units of mining and handling equipment.The reliability of excavator-dump truck complexes is assessed in three stages: initial data collection for mathematical modeling of excavator-dump truck complex performance; solving the problem of optimizing the distribution of dump trucks between excavators, ensuring maximum productivity of the excavator-dump truck complex; assessment of the reliability of its work depending on the probability of fulfilling the daily plan for the transportation of rock mass.The proposed method is implemented as part of a computer program and makes it possible to automate the operational management of the process of transporting rock mass in a quarry using a mobile application. The developed guidelines can be used for any quarries with automobile transport, regardless of the type of mineral extracted, the mining method, the loading pattern, the capacity of the excavation and loading equipment fleet, and the capacity of operated dump trucks.  

scholarly journals Assessment of the Need to Create Control Sytem of Unmanned Dump Truck

2020 ◽  
Vol 177 ◽  
pp. 03022
Author(s):  
Dmitry Dubinkin ◽  
Vladimir Sadovets ◽  
Ilya Syrkin ◽  
Ivan Chicherin
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
General Structure ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Level Control ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Levels Of Automation ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Mining Dump Truck

The paper substantiates the need to create an autonomous dump truck control system. The scope of the unmanned mining dump truck is described. An example of the layout of the general scheme of an autonomous dump truck with control system basic elements is given, as well as some differences from the dump trucks with traditional control system are presented. The levels of automation of autonomous dump truck are formed. The enlarged tasks that need to be addressed when creating a control system for autonomous mining dump truck are highlighted. The general structure of a multi-level control system for autonomous dump truck was developed. The upper, middle and lower levels of the control system are described. The summation is drawn on the relevance of developing scientifically based approaches for creating control systems for autonomous mining truck, as well as developing mathematical models and algorithms for controlling autonomous mining trucks. The main directions for further research are identified. They are the development of requirements for a dump truck control system; the development of the structure of mathematical models and algorithms for the operation of subsystems of the dump truck control; the development of software that allows simulating the interaction of the subsystems of the dump truck control system with each other, the Smart Quarry system and the operator.

scholarly journals Energy Interconnection between Rock Mass Transportation and Destruction of Rear Axles Structural Sections of BelAZ Mining Dump Trucks

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 03021
Author(s):  
Ilya Kuznetsov ◽  
Ivan Panachev ◽  
Igor Zyryanov ◽  
Georgiy Shirokolobov
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Rear Axle ◽  
Mass Transportation ◽  
Transportation Energy ◽  
Longitudinal Slope ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Analytical Formulae ◽  
Housing Component

The paper presents analytical formulae of the transportation en- ergy of blasted rock mass depending on the route slopes. The figures are obtained for mining dump trucks with a carrying capacity of up to 55 tons, from 55 to 130 tons and from 130 to 320 tons. In addition, analytical for- mulae are presented for the total destructive energy of the structural section elements of dump trucks depending on the longitudinal slope of the route. The work uses the parameters of crack-like defects that are formed on the rear axle housing component of BelAZ heavy dump trucks. The energy de- pendences of the transportation and destruction processes for mining trucks of various carrying capacities are given. An energy joint diagram has also been constructed, which allows determining the maximum allowable val- ues of the transportation energy of the rock mass and the destruction of the structural section elements for given route slopes.

scholarly journals Distribution of Static Normal Reactions to Wheels of Open-Pit Dump Trucks Depending on the Longitudinal and Cross Sections of the Open-Pit Road

2019 ◽  
Vol 105 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Michail Dadonov ◽  
Alexander Kulpin ◽  
Oleg Ostanin ◽  
Erkin Suleimenov
Keyword(s):  
Rock Mass ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Open Pit ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Mass Transportation ◽  
Premature Failure ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
The Cost

Vehicle costs for rock mass transportation are more than 50% of total costs, among which 25 — 30% are tire costs. The average tire life in mining enterprises is lower than that the value recommended by production plants. The tire life of open-pit dump trucks is more dependent on the normal load on the wheel. The main factor in the change of the normal load is location of the wheel on the dump truck and the open-pit road’s section. Determination of the maximum loaded tire in different operating conditions will allow increasing the tire life and preventing its premature failure. The TKPH index (tire performance) recommended by tire manufacturers does not take into account the diversity of mining conditions and variations of sections of open-pit roads on different routes. The average load per trip is defined as movement of a loaded open-pit truck and an empty open-pit truck on a straight reach of a road. The proposed method for recording of redistribution of the load on the wheel allows making adjustments to recording of TKPH indexes and thereby effectively managing the tire life, which in turn will make it possible to more fully use the tire life, increase its reliability and reduce the cost of rock mass transportation.

Mining dump truck KAMAZ-65805

2021 ◽  
pp. 03-04
Author(s):  
A.S. Savchenko
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
International Exhibition ◽  
Automatic Machine ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Mining Dump Truck

The development of engineers from Naberezhnye Chelny — the KAMAZ-65805 mining dump truck — was shown at the international exhibition of machinery and equipment for the mining and mining industry MiningWorld Russia-2020, which took place in the 20th of October at Crocus Expo. Keywords mining dump truck, diesel engine P6, hydromechanical automatic machine, rear drive axles, dump platform

scholarly journals Increasing mining dump trucks operation efficiency with the use of gas piston engines

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-85
Author(s):  
Mark L. Khazin ◽  
◽  
Vitalii V. Furzikov ◽  
Petr I. Tarasov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Motor Fuel ◽  
Energy Carrier ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
Piston Engine ◽  
Engine Design ◽  
Dump Trucks ◽  
Mining Dump Truck ◽  
Near Future

Research aim is to analyze the prospects for increasing the efficiency of heavy-duty mining dump trucks operation through the use of natural gas as the main energy carrier. Research methodology included bench tests of a gas piston engine (GPE) KAMAZ mod. 820.60-260 with a capacity of 191 kW and the construction of forecast values of GPE parameters for the BELAZ-75319 mining dump truck with a load capacity of 240 tons. Results. A mathematical model and technique have been developed that allows predicting the main parameters of a gas piston engine and optimizing its economic and environmental characteristics. The use of natural gas as a motor fuel, with an unchanged engine design, leads to a decrease in its power. Currently, gas modifications are being created on the basis of existing diesel engines, and it is not always possible to implement any design measures at this stage. To realize all the capabilities of a gas engine, it should initially be designed for gas motor fuel. This technique is based on the experimental data of low-power gas piston engines and can be used for high-power gas engines studies intended for installation on mining dump trucks. Conclusions. Increasing the efficiency of mining dump trucks in the near future is possible through the use of natural gas as the main energy carrier. The use of natural gas as a motor fuel allows to increase the life of the engine, reduce the noise level and toxicity of exhaust gases, and reduce fuel costs.

scholarly journals Ensuring Energy Efficiency and Safety of the Cyclic Operation of the Mining Dump Truck

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Alexander Kartashov ◽  
Boris Kositsyn ◽  
George Kotiev ◽  
Sergey Nazarenko ◽  
Dmitry Dubinkin
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Rock Mass ◽  
Autonomous Driving ◽  
Fixed Time ◽  
Dump Truck ◽  
The Road ◽  
Driving Speed ◽  
Cyclic Movement ◽  
Information Management Systems ◽  
Mining Dump Truck

It’s known that the use of the automobile vehicles in a quarry for transporting the rock mass is characterized by a cyclic nature and the ability to overcome the slopes of up to 8-12% along the road as well as curves with the radii of at least 20-24 m. However, the disadvantage of this way of transportation of quarry loads is relatively high costs [1]. One of the ways to reduce costs is to implement the software-based operation of the mining dump truck while ensuring energy efficiency and safety. This way implies following the route “mine face – concentrator” when driving with the rock mass and the route “concentrator – mine face” when driving without a cargo along the specified trajectory and at a given driving speed using the information management systems in a quarry and on the board of the mining dump truck controlled by the driver as well as in an unmanned version in case of autonomous driving. The article describes the method to optimize the function “way – speed” and as a result the way to optimize the control of the traction electric motors in a mining dump truck during cyclic movement along the specified trajectory with a fixed time to pass the route in order to ensure energy efficiency and safety when using the method of dynamic programming developed by Richard Bellman.

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