scholarly journals Representation of graphs for storing in relational databases

2020 ◽  
Vol 164 ◽  
pp. 09014
Author(s):  
Mikhail Urubkin ◽  
Vasiliy Galushka ◽  
Vladimir Fathi ◽  
Denis Fathi ◽  
Alla Gerasimenko
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Normal Forms ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Incidence Matrices ◽  
The Third ◽  
Low Efficiency ◽  
The Way

The article is devoted to the problem of representing graphs in the form that is most suitable for their recording in relational databases and for subsequent efficient extracting and processing. The article analyzes various ways to describe graphs, such as adjacency and, incidence matrices, and adjacency lists. Each of them is reviewed from the point of view of their compliance with normal forms to assess the possibility of using a particular method when developing databases for storing graphs. It is shown that for such a task, each of these methods has a large number of disadvantages that lead to low efficiency of both data storing and processing. The article suggests the way to represent graphs in the form of a relational list of edges corresponding to the third normal form and allowing to eliminate the disadvantages of other methods.

scholarly journals A Method for Normalization of Relation Schema Based on Data to Abide by the Third Normal Form

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Normal Forms ◽  
Applied Mathematics ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Functional Dependencies ◽  
Full Understanding ◽  
Data Bases ◽  
The Third ◽  
Relation Schema

Data bases play an important role in applied Mathematics. Normalization for relational databases is very important to avoid anomalies of relations which may not be in normalized forms of the third normal forms. But, normalization may be a difficult task, since the designers of the databases may not fully understand the domain of each attribute that are contained in the relation schema or they may not have full understanding about the concept of normalization. In this paper an efficient method that checks the possibility of the need of further normalization using stored data in relations is presented based on possible functional dependencies between attributes in the relations. By checking possible functional dependencies, the database designers can determine the need of further normalization, and may improve the structure of the relation schemas. Experiments were performed for an example of relational database that can be found in the organization of tutorial of MySQL which is a representational database management system, and the experiments showed good results.

scholarly journals Consistency

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Kiki Rahmatika
Keyword(s):  
Body Movement ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Third ◽  
Practice Based Research ◽  
Thinking Process ◽  
Way Of Thinking ◽  
The Way

This choreography is started from Practice based Research. The research is about Dajang Rindoe’s manuscript which is deconstructed. In the process of cultivation of this work, the foundation of creation used text deconstruction, creativity, and choreography. Text deconstruction is implemented in finding the new point of view of the women freedom. Creativity approach is used for the reason that the artwork creation is not separated from the thinking process and work creatively. By this approach, the way of thinking and working creatively will be developed. The third approach that is choreography is used as the foundation in creating the dance aesthetic that involving the body movement, composition, unity, harmony, behaviour and other visual aspects. CONSISTENCY dance work is a description about woman toughness to get her freedom in order to maintain her integrity. The freedom that need the full struggle for her to get. Because the freedom itself has the meaning to be able to live independently and responsibly. In the real life, the freedom women who able to preserve her firmness independently and responsibly are very scarce. The imbalance of this firmness then fades the women integrity.

scholarly journals On the Solutions of Games in Normal Forms: Particular Models based on Nash Equilibrium Theory

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Gabriel Turbay ◽  
Giovanni E. Reyes
Keyword(s):  
Nash Equilibrium ◽  
Normal Form ◽  
Normal Forms ◽  
Equilibrium Selection ◽  
Equilibrium Theory ◽  
Strategic Choices ◽  
John Von Neumann ◽  
Von Neumann ◽  
The Third

Abstract The main objective of this paper is to present in a deductive way, solutions for general games played under normal conditions following competitive paths, applying core principles of Nash equilibrium. Here the normal approach implies strategic choices available for each player, formulated and implemented without any information concerning specific choices to be made by others players. It is convenient to keep in mind that John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern outlined a set of conditions for Nash equilibrium for a game in normal form, proposed as the basic framework to analyze the conditions and requirements for a particular Nash equilibrium to be the solution of the game. Theorems that exhibit imbedding relations among the Nash equilibriums of the game are given to examine the role of pre-play communication and the imbedding order in equilibrium selection. A core argument to claim here is that a generic case of Nash equilibriums that are strategically unstable relative to maxi-min strategies is given to emphasize the role of moves of the third kind and pre-play communication in correlated and coordinated solutions and the need to account for cases where Nash equilibriums are not plausible or even desirable as solutions for a game in normal form.

scholarly journals Diplomatic Interreligious Dialogue in the Framework of Interreligious Relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 38 ◽  
pp. 129-140
Author(s):  
S. V. Melnik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Interreligious Dialogue ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Religious Communities ◽  
General Description ◽  
Religious Leaders ◽  
The Third ◽  
Interreligious Relations ◽  
Low Efficiency

The article examines the practice of interaction between the heads of religious communities which is referred to as “diplomatic interreligious dialogue”. One of the most common forms of the manifestation of diplomatic dialogue is participation of religious leaders in a variety of interreligious summits and conferences. The first part of the article briefly describes main types of interreligious dialogue: polemical, cognitive, peacemaking and partner ship. The second part gives a general description of diplomatic interreligious dialogue that can be considered as one of a type of peacemaking dialogue. The third part of the article analyzes several critical arguments in relation to diplomatic dialogue: this form of communication cannot be called a dialogue in the true sense; predominance of secular discourse; low efficiency. The author has come to the conclusion that diplomatic dialogue occupies its niche in the system of interreligious relations. And it is incorrect to evaluate diplomatic dialogue from the point of view of other types of interreligious dialogue that pursue different goals and are based on different principles.

scholarly journals Cristianos en tiempo de pandemia

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-47
Author(s):  
Raúl Pariamachi
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Christian Faith ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Present World ◽  
The Church ◽  
Global Solidarity ◽  
The Way ◽  
Religious Imaginary

The Covid-19 pandemic has to be considered as a biopolitic fact to be discerned from the point of view of our Christian faith. This article tackles three questions related to the pandemic. First it will critically analyze the religious imaginary that spontaneously surged with this pandemic. Then the experience in the church will be examined especially the way we now relate to each other. This will be done through the lenses of the reform principle, the pastoral criterium and the priority of the poor. The third part will study the global solidarity that the present world order requires now. Keywords: Covid-19, Religious Imaginery, Church, Solidarity

scholarly journals Normal form of a binary polynomial in the critical point of the second order

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Alexander Dmitrievich Bruno ◽  
Alexander Borisovich Batkhin
Keyword(s):  
Singular Point ◽  
Normal Form ◽  
Critical Point ◽  
Normal Forms ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Real Polynomial ◽  
Cubic Form ◽  
The Third ◽  
Non Linear

We consider a real polynomial of two variables. Its expansion in the vicinity of the zero singular point begins with the third degree form. We find its simplest forms to which this polynomial is reduced by reversible real local analytic coordinate substitutions. First, the normal forms for the cubic form are obtained using linear coordinate substitutions. There are three of them. Then three non-linear normal forms were obtained for the full polynomial. A simplification of the computation of the normal form is proposed. A meaningful example is considered.

A Good Normal Form for Relational Databases

1989 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-138
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Michalewicz ◽  
Alvin Yeo
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Relational Databases ◽  
Normal Forms ◽  
Database Management System ◽  
Conceptual Scheme ◽  
Primitive Concept ◽  
Data Definition ◽  
Relation Scheme ◽  
Normalization Process

In the conceptual design of relational databases one of the main goals is to create a conceptual scheme, which minimize redundancies and eliminate deletion and addition anomalies, i.e. to create relation schemes in some good normal form. The study of relational databases has produced a host of normal forms: 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, Elementary-Key Normal Form, 4NF, Weak 4NF, PJ/NF, DK/NF, LTKNF, (3,3)NF, etc. There are two features which characterize these normal forms. First, they consider each relation separately. We believe that a normal form (which reflects the goodness of the conceptual design) should be related to the whole conceptual scheme. Second, the usefullness of all normal forms in relational database design have been based on the assumption that a data definition language (DDL) of a database management system (DBMS) is able to enforce key dependencies. However, different DDLs have different capabilities in defining constraints. In this paper we will discuss the design of conceptual relational schemes in general. We will also define a good normal form (GNF) which requires a minimally rich DDL; this normal form is based only on a primitive concept of constraints. We will not, however, discuss the normalization process itself – how one might, if possible, convert a relation scheme that is not in some normal form into a collection of relation schemes each of which is in that normal form.

Géographie et cartographie fictionnelles dans l’Utopie (1516) de Thomas More

Moreana ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (Number 181- (3-4) ◽  
pp. 9-68
Author(s):  
Jean Du Verger
Keyword(s):  
Complex Network ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Thomas More ◽  
The Third ◽  
Editio Princeps ◽  
Shed Light ◽  
The Way

The philosophical and political aspects of Utopia have often shadowed the geographical and cartographical dimension of More’s work. Thus, I will try to shed light on this aspect of the book in order to lay emphasis on the links fostered between knowledge and space during the Renaissance. I shall try to show how More’s opusculum aureum, which is fraught with cartographical references, reifies what Germain Marc’hadour terms a “fictional archipelago” (“The Catalan World Atlas” (c. 1375) by Abraham Cresques ; Zuane Pizzigano’s portolano chart (1423); Martin Benhaim’s globe (1492); Martin Waldseemüller’s Cosmographiae Introductio (1507); Claudius Ptolemy’s Geographia (1513) ; Benedetto Bordone’s Isolario (1528) ; Diogo Ribeiro’s world map (1529) ; the Grand Insulaire et Pilotage (c.1586) by André Thevet). I will, therefore, uncover the narrative strategies used by Thomas More in a text which lies on a complex network of geographical and cartographical references. Finally, I will examine the way in which the frontispiece of the editio princeps of 1516, as well as the frontispiece of the third edition published by Froben at Basle in 1518, clearly highlight the geographical and cartographical aspect of More’s narrative.

METHODS OF REDUCING OF LARGE BOOLEAN FORMULAS REPRESENTED IN A CONJUNCTIVE NORMAL FORM FOR DETERMINING THEIR SATISFIABILITY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.I. Gdansky ◽  
◽  
A.A. Denisov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Form ◽  
Normal Forms ◽  
Conjunctive Normal Form ◽  
Boolean Formulas

The article explores the satisfiability of conjunctive normal forms used in modeling systems.The problems of CNF preprocessing are considered.The analysis of particular methods for reducing this formulas, which have polynomial input complexity is given.

La enseñanza de la ética profesional a estudiantes de derecho: análisis de caso

2018 ◽  
pp. 145
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Beca
Keyword(s):  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Ethics Education ◽  
Teaching Experience ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Ethics Course ◽  
Approach Theory ◽  
Competency Based ◽  
Catholic Tradition ◽  
The Way

ResumenEl trabajo analiza el curso Ética Profesional en la carrera de Derecho en la Universidad Católica de Temuco. Examina la forma como se abordaba la ética profesional antes de la creación del curso, y lo que ha ocurrido con él a través de sucesivos cambios curriculares y la introducción del modelo por competencias. El curso aporta al sello identitario, mediante un enfoque multidisciplinario. El curso ha vinculado teoría y práctica, desde que comenzó a implementarse, hasta llegar actualmente a comprenderlo en la lógica de competencias. Esta mirada implica formar a los estudiantes para resolver dilemas éticos, lo que se hace mediante la metodología del ver–juzgar–actuar. Esta metodología de discernimiento es propia de la tradicióncatólica, pero se usa en este contexto sin un cariz religioso. El método en cuestión permite ir educando la autonomía a fn de tomar decisiones. Se analiza la importancia de contextualizar la enseñanza ética y la forma como esto se ha hecho en el curso. Finalmente se aborda la relevancia de formar la conciencia ética de los estudiantes.Palabras clave: Experiencia de enseñanza – Ética profesional –Método de discernimient.ResumoO artigo analisa o curso de Ética Profssional na Escola de Direito na Universidade Católica de Temuco. Examina a forma de como abordar a ética profssional antes da criação do curso, e o que tem acontecido com ele através de sucessivas mudanças curriculares e a introdução do modelo de competências. O curso aporta ao selo de identidade, através de uma abordagem multidisciplinar. O curso tem ligado teoria e prática, desde que começou a se programar até chegar atualmente a compreendê-lo na lógica de competência. Este olhar implica formar aos estudantes para resolver dilemas éticos, o que é feito pela metodologia do ver-julgar-agir. Este método de discernimento é próprio da tradição Católica, mas é usado neste contexto, sem um aspecto religioso. O método em questão permite ir educando na autonomia com a fnalidade de tomar decisões. Analisa-se a importância de contextualizar o ensino da ética e a forma como isso tem sido feito no curso. Finalmente se aborda a relevância de formar consciência ética dos estudantes.Palavras-chave: Experiência de ensino - Ética Profssional - Método de discernimento.AbstractThis paper analyses the Professional Ethics course at the School of Law of Universidad Católica de Temuco. It reviews the way in which ethics was addressed before the course was created, and what has happened with it through the subsequent curricular changes and the implementation of a competency based model. The course contributes to the seal of identity through a multidisciplinary approach. Theory and practice have been progressively bound together since the course was introduced, to reach a point, nowadays, in which the course is understood within the logic of competencies. This point of view implies educating students for solving ethical dilemmas, which is done through the see–judge–act methodology. This discernment methodology belongs to the Roman Catholic tradition, but is used in this context without its religious complexion. This method allows educating autonomy in order to make decisions. It also analyses the importance of contextualizing ethics education and the way in which this has been done in the course. Finally, it addresses the relevance ofcreating an ethical consciousness of the students.Keywords: Teaching experience – Professional Ethics – Discernment method

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document