scholarly journals Conductivity prediction of proppant-packs based on particle size distribution under variable stress conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 03010
Author(s):  
Tiancheng Liang ◽  
Jinwei Zhang ◽  
Chuanyou Meng ◽  
Nailing Xiu ◽  
Bo Cai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Particle Packing ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Proper Size ◽  
Median Diameter

The conductivity of the proppant-packs is critical in the productivity of hydraulically fractured wells. Proppants are also the best medium for studying particle packing. Sand and ceramic media are two most common proppants used for hydraulic fracturing. This study focuses on investigate the relation between conductivity and properties of proppant-packs, the particle-size distribution, porosity and mean particle diameter have been measured. The porosity of the proppant pack under zero pressure is determined from bulk density and apparent density. To accurately measure the porosity under variable closed stress conditions, the compressed width was taken into consideration. The particle size distribution was measured from sieve analysis. The paper presents results obtained by conducting routine conductivity test on a variety of proppants. The conductivity-porosity relationships are nonlinear. The conductivity is most sensitive to mean grain size, followed by closed stress, and then sorting. Larger median diameter always correlates to higher conductivity at low stress. Loss of conductivity with stress is more severe for large particles sands than small particles. The binomial method can be used to calculate the conductivity of different types and mesh proppants, which is shown to fit conductivity-mean diameter data successfully. The research is of guiding significance to choose the proper size distribution proppants in hydraulic fracturing. Meanwhile, the binomial method is a better predictor of proppant-packs conductivity based on particle size distribution.

scholarly journals Fine Dust Creation during Hardwood Machine Sanding

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (14) ◽  
pp. 6602
Author(s):  
Marta Pędzik ◽  
Tomasz Rogoziński ◽  
Jerzy Majka ◽  
Kinga Stuper-Szablewska ◽  
Petar Antov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Wood Dust ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Hardwood Species

Wood dust generated during woodworking—particularly from hardwood species during sanding—poses a health and safety hazard to workers in the wood industry. This study aimed to determine the particle-size distribution of selected hardwood species and the content of fine particles in dust created during machine sanding, which pose the highest health and safety hazards in the woodworking industry. Six hardwood species were studied: black alder, European ash, common walnut, pedunculate oak, hornbeam, and European beech. The sieve analysis method was used to determine the particle-size distribution and article mean arithmetic particle diameter, and laser diffraction analysis was used to determine the finest particle content. Two size ranges were assumed: <2.5 μm and <10 μm. Beech dust had the smallest mean particle diameter. Dust from wood species used in the test had similar contents of fine fractions of particles. The average content of particles smaller than 2.5 µm in wood dust from the tested hardwood species did not exceed 1.9%. In terms of occupational exposure to wood dust, machine sanding conditions of hardwoods should be properly adjusted to limit the formation of large amounts of dust.

Factors Influencing the Particle Size Distribution in an Abrasive Waterjet

1991 ◽  
Vol 113 (4) ◽  
pp. 402-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Labus ◽  
K. F. Neusen ◽  
D. G. Alberts ◽  
T. J. Gores
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Target Material ◽  
Abrasive Waterjet ◽  
Sieve Analysis ◽  
Size Distributions ◽  
Mixing Process ◽  
Jet Mixing

A basic investigation of the factors which influence the abrasive jet mixing process was conducted. Particle size analysis was performed on abrasive samples for the “as-received” condition, at the exit of the mixing tube, and after cutting a target material. Grit size distributions were obtained through sieve analysis for both water and air collectors. Two different mixing chamber geometries were evaluated, as well as the effects of pressure, abrasive feed rate, cutting speed, and target material properties on particle size distributions. An analysis of the particle size distribution shows that the main particle breakdown is from 180 microns directly to 63 microns or less, for a nominal 80 grit garnet. This selective breakdown occurs during the cutting process, but not during the mixing process.

scholarly journals Digital microscopic image application (DMIA), an automatic method for particle size distribution analysis in waste activated sludge

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Cazares ◽  
J. A. Barrios ◽  
C. Maya ◽  
G. Velásquez ◽  
M. Pérez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Activated Sludge ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
Laser Diffraction ◽  
Waste Activated Sludge ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Distribution Analysis

Abstract An important physical property in environmental samples is particle size distribution. Several processes exist to measure particle diameter, including change in electrical resistance, blocking of light, the fractionation of field flow and laser diffraction (these being the most commonly used). However, their use requires expensive and complex equipment. Therefore, a Digital Microscopic Imaging Application (DMIA) method was developed adapting the algorithms used in the Helminth Egg Automatic Detector (HEAD) software coupled with a Neural Network (NN) and Bayesian algorithms. This allowed the determination of particle size distribution in samples of waste activated sludge (WAS), recirculated sludge (RCS), and pretreated sludge (PTS). The recirculation and electro-oxidation pre-treatment processes showed an effect in increasing the degree of solubilization (DS), decreasing particle size and breakage factor with ranges between 44.29%, and 31.89%. Together with a final NN calibration process, it was possible to compare results. For example, the 90th percentile of Equivalent Diameter (ED) value obtained by the DMIA with the corresponding result for the laser diffraction method. DMIA values: 228.76 μm (WAS), 111.18 μm (RCS), and 84.45 μm (PTS). DMIA processing has advantages in terms of reducing complexity, cost and time, and offers an alternative to the laser diffraction method.

Effect Analysis of Various Gradient Particle Size Distribution on Electrical Performance of Anode-Supported SOFCs With Gradient Anode

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Fu ◽  
Yuansheng Song ◽  
Jian Yang ◽  
Qiuwang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Electrical Performance ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Functional Layer ◽  
Layer 2

Abstract Gradient particle size anode has shown great potential in improving the electrical performance of anode-supported solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In this study, a 3D comprehensive model is established to study the effect of various gradient particle size distribution on the cell electrical performance for the anode microstructure optimization. The effect of homogeneous particle size on the cell performance is studied first. The maximum current density of homogeneous anode SOFC is obtained for the comparison with the electrical performance of gradient anode SOFC. Then the effect of various gradient particle size distribution on the cell molar fraction, polarization losses, and electronic current density distribution is analyzed and discussed in detail. Results show that increasing the particle diameter gradient can effectively reduce the anodic concentration overpotential. Decreasing the particle diameter of anode functional layer 2 is beneficial for reducing the activation and ohmic overpotentials. On these bases, the comprehensive electrical performance of SOFCs with gradient particle size anode and homogeneous anode is compared to highlight the optimal gradient particle diameter distribution. In the studied cases of this work, the gradient particle diameter of 0.7 μm, 0.4 μm, and 0.1 μm at anode support layer (ASL), anode functional layer 1, and anode functional layer 2 (case 3) is the optimal particle size distribution.

Accounting for Particle Size Distribution in Hydraulic Fracturing Modeling Improves Simulation Accuracy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonid Semin ◽  
Ludmila Belyakova ◽  
Vadim Isayev ◽  
Ivan Velikanov ◽  
Denis Bannikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Simulation Accuracy

Estimation of particle size distribution from cross-sectional particle diameter on the cutting plane

2010 ◽  
Vol 21 (6) ◽  
pp. 676-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masatoshi Akashi ◽  
Tsukasa Otani ◽  
Atsuko Shimosaka ◽  
Yoshiyuki Shirakawa ◽  
Jusuke Hidaka
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Cutting Plane ◽  
Cross Sectional

Sampling, testing and modeling particle size distribution in urban catch basins

2014 ◽  
Vol 70 (11) ◽  
pp. 1873-1879 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Garofalo ◽  
M. Carbone ◽  
P. Piro
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Catch Basin ◽  
Traffic Intersection ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Catch Basins

The study analyzed the particle size distribution of particulate matter (PM) retained in two catch basins located, respectively, near a parking lot and a traffic intersection with common high levels of traffic activity. Also, the treatment performance of a filter medium was evaluated by laboratory testing. The experimental treatment results and the field data were then used as inputs to a numerical model which described on a qualitative basis the hydrological response of the two catchments draining into each catch basin, respectively, and the quality of treatment provided by the filter during the measured rainfall. The results show that PM concentrations were on average around 300 mg/L (parking lot site) and 400 mg/L (road site) for the 10 rainfall-runoff events observed. PM with a particle diameter of &lt;45 μm represented 40–50% of the total PM mass. The numerical model showed that a catch basin with a filter unit can remove 30 to 40% of the PM load depending on the storm characteristics.

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