Risk Assessment and Countermeasures of Heavy Metals in Drinking Water Environment of Guizhou Province

The quality of drinking water is closely related to the health condition of the population. In order to effectively assess the heavy metal environment of drinking water in Guizhou Province, this paper first analyzed the distribution characteristics of heavy metals in drinking water, and then used the environmental health risk assessment model recommended by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) to investigate and analyze the toxic and hazardous substances in drinking water in Guizhou Province in 2019 to assess the health risks of heavy metals in drinking water. The survey results showed that the cancer-causing health risks of drinking water in Guizhou Province exceeded the EPA evaluation standards, while the non-cancer-causing health risks were much lower than the evaluation standards. Finally, for the heavy metal environment of drinking water in Guizhou province, this paper proposes corresponding response strategies from two perspectives of water quality monitoring and government supervision.

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Assessment of Pollution and Health Risks of Heavy Metals in Particulate Matter and Road Dust Along the Road Network of Dhanbad, India

Journal of Health and Pollution ◽

10.5696/2156-9614-11.29.210305 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (29) ◽

Author(s):

Shweta Kumari ◽

Manish Kumar Jain ◽

Suresh Pandian Elumalai

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Particulate Matter ◽

Health Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Source Apportionment ◽

Health Risks ◽

Mass Concentration ◽

Road Dust

Background. The rise in particulate matter (PM) concentrations is a serious problem for the environment. Heavy metals associated with PM10, PM2.5, and road dust adversely affect human health. Different methods have been used to assess heavy metal contamination in PM10, PM2.5, and road dust and source apportionment of these heavy metals. These assessment tools utilize pollution indices and health risk assessment models. Objectives. The present study evaluates the total mass and average concentrations of heavy metals in PM10, PM2.5, and road dust along selected road networks in Dhanbad, India, analyzes the source apportionment of heavy metals, and assesses associated human health risks. Methods. A total of 112 PM samples and 21 road dust samples were collected from six stations and one background site in Dhanbad, India from December 2015 to February 2016, and were analyzed for heavy metals (iron (Fe), lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), and zinc (Zn)) using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Source apportionment was determined using principal component analysis. A health risk assessment of heavy metal concentrations in PM10, PM2.5, and road dust was also performed. Results. The average mass concentration was found to be 229.54±118.40 μg m−3 for PM10 and 129.73 ±61.74 μg m−3 for PM2.5. The average concentration of heavy metals was found to be higher in PM2.5 than PM10. The pollution load index value of PM10 and PM2.5 road dust was found to be in the deteriorating category. Vehicles were the major source of pollution. The non-carcinogenic effects on children and adults were found to be within acceptable limits. The heavy metals present in PM and road dust posed a health risk in the order of road dust> PM10> and PM2.5. Particulate matter posed higher health risks than road dust due to particle size. Conclusions. The mass concentration analysis indicates serious PM10 and PM2.5 contamination in the study area. Vehicle traffic was the major source of heavy metals in PM10, PM2.5, and road dust. In terms of non-carcinogenic risks posed by heavy metals in the present study, children were more affected than adults. The carcinogenic risk posed by the heavy metals was negligible. Competing Interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests

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The Risk Characteristics of Heavy Metals in Urban Soil

10.21203/rs.3.rs-516802/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yan Li ◽

Dike Feng ◽

Meiying Ji ◽

Zhanpeng Li ◽

Ruocheng Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

High Risk ◽

Human Health ◽

Rapid Development ◽

Risk Index ◽

Principal Component ◽

Research Area ◽

Assessment Model

Abstract With the rapid development of China's industrial economy, heavy metals and other pollutants continue to accumulate in the environment, which has created serious threats for the ecological environment and human health. To comprehensively evaluate the ecological risks from heavy metals in the soil in Nanjing, China, as well as the status of the risks to human health, this study randomly collected 50 surface soil samples, and the contents of Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Ti, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn in the samples were determined, combined with the ecological risk index and the USEPA health risk assessment model for a comprehensive risk assessment of soil heavy metals in Nanjing. The results show that there has been heavy metal enrichment of Mn, Pb, Zn and other heavy metals in the research area in Nanjing city, and the variation coefficients of Pb and Cu are distinctly large; that is, the distribution of Pb and Cu in the research area shows a great fluctuation. These elements are all slightly polluting, among which the Cu heavy metal pollution degree is different, and Pb element pollution is the most serious. Children are at a high risk of exposure in various ways, among which Pb and Cu elements have a high risk of causing non-carcinogenic issues. Overall, Pb and Cu in Nanjing are important risk elements that should be monitored and controlled. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the content changes of Pb, Zn and Cu; Ni, Ti and Fe; and Zn and Pb had extremely significant correlations, indicating that they may have the same source; while Ti and Ca, Ti and Cu, and Pb and Zn showed opposite changes, indicating that their concentrations were inversely related. The results of the principal component analysis showed that industrial sources in Nanjing contributed the most heavy metals, reaching 34.4%. The second largest source was from parent material and fertilizer, which contributed 32.3% and 19.6%, respectively. The sources with the lowest contributions were from weathering and deposition, which reached 13.7%.

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Occurrence, Distribution and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Agricultural Soil and Water Around a Lead-zinc Mine in Southwest China

10.21203/rs.3.rs-497475/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yunchuan Jiang ◽

Hanhan Li ◽

Zhijian Li ◽

Yongfu Liu ◽

Zhiqiang Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Surface Water ◽

Health Risks ◽

Agricultural Soil ◽

Mining Activities ◽

Human Health Risks ◽

Lead Zinc ◽

Zinc Mine

Abstract Mining activities could induce severe heavy metal pollution in soil and surface water, which would consequently pose potential ecological environment risks and human health risks. In this research, total 82 agricultural soil samples and 34 water samples were collected from a special area that surrounding a lead-zinc mine. Pollution level, source apportionment, ecological and health risks of heavy metals were evaluated based on the concentrations of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn). According to the results, Cd and Zn were obviously enriched metals in agricultural soil in the study area, meanwhile, the potential risks which calculated by geo-accumulation index were showed a high ecological risk due to high concentration of Cd found in local agricultural soil. Additionally, heavy metal sources analyzed by the PMF model could be classified into four categories: mining activity (Mn), parent material (Cr, Ni), atmospheric deposition caused by industrial and mining activities (Pb, Zn, Cd) and agricultural activities (Cu). Compared with the values specified by corresponding water quality standard, the heavy metals content in surface water were below these values except Cd, while the content of seven heavy metals in drinking water was within the safe limits. The bioavailability of Cd, Pb and Zn in soil were higher than other metals, and when the bioavailability of metals was consideration into health risk assessment, the total HI and TCR values were far below the accepted risk levels. Though human health risks were within the safe margin, the toxic hazards of heavy metals to residents and ecological should be taken into consideration.

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Heavy metal content and health risk assessment of a South-eastern Nigeria River

Applied Water Science ◽

10.1007/s13201-020-01296-y ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

Author(s):

Emeka Donald Anyanwu ◽

Emeka David Nwachukwu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Health Risk ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Metal Content ◽

Potable Water ◽

Hazard Index ◽

Heavy Metal Content

Abstract An enormous deficiency lag exists in the demand and supply of potable water in Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria. The people have to pay lots of money to get potable water from water vendors, and those who cannot afford to pay patronize other unwholesome sources. Ossah River, one of the local drinking water sources, was studied to assess the heavy metal content and health risk assessment vis-a-vis its suitability for human consumption. Eight (8) heavy metals (Mn, Cu, Pb, Fe, Zn, Cd, Cr and Ni) were assessed between January and June 2018 in 3 stations, using atomic absorption spectrometer, and compared with Nigerian drinking water standards. Some of the heavy metals evaluated exceeded standards and warranted health risk assessment. Health risk assessment for all the stations indicated that there is no particularly dangerous single heavy metal, but their cumulative effect, indicated by the hazard index (HI). HI for all the stations highly exceeded threshold value (1). This calls for concern for both adults and children exposed to the water through ingestion. The heavy metal contamination observed was geogenic, exacerbated by anthropogenic activities.

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Source Apportionment and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in Eastern Guangdong Municipal Solid Waste

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app9224755 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (22) ◽

pp. 4755 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Zhihua Tang ◽

Minru Liu ◽

Linzi Yi ◽

Huafang Guo ◽

Tingping Ouyang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risk ◽

Municipal Solid Waste ◽

Solid Waste ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Food Waste ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Female Workers

This research focused on the contents of the five most bio-toxic heavy metals, As, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Pb of 26 municipal solid waste (MSW) samples from the Eastern Guangdong Area. To investigate the apportion of the heavy metal source, Pearson correlation and principal component analysis (PCA) were introduced as major approaches. The health risks posed to MSW workers exposed to heavy metals in MSW were assessed using a Monte Carlo simulation combined with the US Environmental Protection Agency Health Risk Assessment Model. The As, Cd, Hg, Cr, and Pb contents of the east Guangdong MSW were (0.76 ± 0.75), (2.14 ± 4.44), (0.11 ± 0.14), (55.42 ± 31.88), and (30.67 ± 20.58) mg/kg, respectively. Hg, Cr, and Pb were potentially derived from glass, textile, food waste, and white plastic, while As and Cd were mainly derived from soil and food waste in the MSW. The non-carcinogenic risks of heavy metal in MSW exposure to MSW workers could be ignored. However, the heavy metals in MSW might pose carcinogenic risks, with the probabilities for male and female workers being 35% and 45%, respectively. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk indices were slightly higher for female workers under the same exposure situations.

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Determination and Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals on the Source of Underground Water in Yulin City

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.587-589.776 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 587-589 ◽

pp. 776-779 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ya Ning Zhang ◽

Hai Ying Han ◽

Xi Jun Wu

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Health Risk ◽

Health Risk Assessment ◽

Underground Water ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Risk Level ◽

Carcinogenic Substances ◽

Yulin City

The source of the underground water in Yulin city were applied to monitor and evaluate five kinds of heavy metals which are Cr6+, Cd, As, Pb and Hg, and it revealed that the concentration of them were lower than the "drinking water health standards" (GB5749-2006), taking the source of drinking water in Yulin University as an example. A preliminary health risk assessment of the risk caused by drinking water has been done, based on the health risk assessment model recommended by USA Environmental Protection Agency. The datum showed that the health risk of carcinogenic substances (Cr6+, Cd and As) were much larger than that of non-carcinogenic substances (Pb, Hg) , so the priority control sequence should be Cr6+>Cd>As>Pb>Hg. The result showed that, human health of personal annual risk caused by the heavy metal pollutants in drinking water from the campus of Yulin University had exceeded the acceptable health risk level of 5 × 10-5/a which is established by the Radiation Protection Committee. Cr6+ is the main contribution, and should cause the attention of the relevant departments, also is the priority governance indicators.

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Evaluation of Heavy Metal Contamination in Paddy Plants at the Northern Region of Malaysia Using ICPMS and Its Risk Assessment

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10010003 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 3

Author(s):

Nur Syahirah Zulkafflee ◽

Nurul Adillah Mohd Redzuan ◽

Jinap Selamat ◽

Mohd Razi Ismail ◽

Sarva Mangala Praveena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Risk Assessment ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Health Risks ◽

Metal Contamination ◽

Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽

Heavy Metal Contamination ◽

Inductively Coupled ◽

Plasma Mass Spectrometry ◽

Adults And Children

Heavy metals from natural and anthropogenic sources accumulate in soil and plants and as a consequence represent important environmental contamination problems. Nevertheless, food safety issues and adverse health risks make this one of the most serious environmental issues. The aim of the present study was to assess heavy metal contamination in the paddy plants from the northern area of Malaysia using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICPMS) and its risk assessment. In total, the heavy metals (As, Cd, Cu, Cr, and Pb) of the samples of paddy plants harvested from Kedah areas were extracted using an acid digestion method, while the heavy metals for soil samples using ammonium acetate. The heavy metal concentrations were then analysed using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS). The enrichment (EF) and translocation factors (TF) of heavy metals were calculated, and health risk assessment (HRA) was performed. The EF values for heavy metals from the soil to roots, roots to stems, stems to leaves, and stems to grains followed the order Cu > As > Cr > Cd > Pb, whereas Cr and Pb were characterized by greater TF values from stem to grain than the other elements. The average daily dose (ADD) for both children and adults is below the safe value intake for each of the studied elements. The combined hazard index (HI) of five elements was beyond the acceptable value (HI >1). The carcinogenic risk, as exemplified by lifetime cancer risk (LCR), indicated that single exposure to As or Cr, in both adults and children, was greater than 10−4. The total cancer risk (CRt) resulting from multiple exposure to carcinogenic elements exceeded the acceptable value (CRt >1 ×10−4) in both adults and children. Overall, exposure to heavy metals through rice consumption poses potential non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks to the local residents in the northern area; thus, regular monitoring of pollution in the area is crucial.

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