scholarly journals Mining production as a factor of transformation of soils and soil cover

2021 ◽  
Vol 265 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Yulya Timofeeva ◽  
Elena Sukhacheva
Keyword(s):  
Soil Cover ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Rose Diagram ◽  
Crushed Granite ◽  
Disturbed Soils ◽  
The Rose

The article describes the component composition of the soil cover in the areas of mining granite material near Kuznechnoe, Leningrad region. Nonsoils formations take about 50 per cent of the study area. There are natural and varying degrees disturbed soils in this area around excavations of the quarry. Soils with Novic qualifiers are formed along the access roads to the quarry. There are stratified natural soils are diagnosed around the quarry in the direction of the rose diagram. Lithic Leptosol are formed at the crushed granite storage site. The degree of transformation of the component composition of the soil cover depends on anthropogenic activity in the territory adjacent to granite quarry has been defined. The article outlines the characteristics of the altered structure of the soil cover.

scholarly journals Soil structure of sand quarries territory

2020 ◽  
Vol 157 ◽  
pp. 02017
Author(s):  
Yulia Timofeeva ◽  
Elena Sukhacheva ◽  
Boris Aparin ◽  
Vitaly Terleev ◽  
Aleksandr Nikonorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Mining Industry ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Natural Soil ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
North West ◽  
Russian North ◽  
Diagnostic Signs

Anthropogenic activities are one of the leading factors of soil differentiation. Significant changes in the soil cover occur as a result of the construction of quarries. The mining industry causes the complete degradation of soils in large areas, the change of the natural soil cover and elevation around the quarries, the destruction of vegetation, disturbs biodiversity of the territory and the death of ecosystems. Soil cover structures of mining quarries have been considered on the example of the Leningrad region such as a natural conditions and environmental peculiarities typical for the whole Russian North-West area. Decoding and diagnostic signs of anthropogenic transformed soils were determined. The type and degree of transformation of the component composition, the contrast and heterogeneity of the soil cover, intercomponent connections, the shape and figure of the internal organization of the of soil cover structures have been identified. The complexity of the anthropogenic transformed soils cover is illustrated by “key site”.

Composition of demolition wastes from Chi-Chi earthquake-damaged structures and the properties of their inert materials

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 470-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chau-Ping Yang
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Inert Material ◽  
Storage Site ◽  
Demolition Waste ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Construction Waste ◽  
Waste Storage ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Volumetric Content

The disastrous Chi-Chi earthquake struck Taiwan on 21 September 1999 and resulted in the creation of more than 20 million cubic metres of demolition waste, which was stored temporarily at several sites. To reduce the site clearing costs, the inert materials (concrete, brick, pottery, and fines) in the wastes should be reclaimed and recycled immediately; but most of their properties were not known. Therefore, this study investigates the properties of demolition wastes, including inert materials, coarse portions, and fines obtained from two earthquake demolition waste storage sites (Puli and Tali) and one normal urban construction waste storage site (Taichung). It is found that the volumetric content of inert materials from earthquake demolition waste is about 96%. Such inert material is classified as having an excellent subgrade rating and can be reused as subbase and base soils. The abrasion level of the coarse portions of inert materials from the three sites meets the required level of coarse aggregate according to Standard Taiwan Code CNS-490. On the other hand, the maximum dry unit weights of fines of inert materials from the three sites are greater than 14.7 kN/m3, and their shear strengths are higher than that of the same classification group (SW–SM) of natural soils, so they can be reused as construction soils.

scholarly journals Position of soils and soil-like formations of football grounds in the soil classification system

2015 ◽  
pp. 91-110
Author(s):  
I. V. Zamotaev ◽  
V. P. Belobrov
Keyword(s):  
Human Impacts ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Soddy Podzolic Soil ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
Podzolic Soils ◽  
Technogenic Loads ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Bioclimatic Conditions ◽  
Disturbed Soils

Under consideration is the classification of soils and soil-like formations in special landscapes and the football ground in particular. The latter is usually represented by soils subjected to human impacts of varying intensity: from weakly transformed by technogenic processes to artificial soils or technogenic superficial formations. The objects of research are more than 40 football grounds in Russia and the Republic of Byelarus. They differ in the age (exploitation time), regular and intensive technogenic loads, natural conditions and soil properties. The football grounds under study were divided into 3 groups: sports-ground at the age of its exploitation (less than 5 years), sports-mass grounds (30-50 years) and professional football grounds (50-75 years). Every group of football grounds is characteristic of soils and technogenic superficial formations represented by (1) technogenic-natural soils, (2) technogenically transformed soils and (3) technogenic superficial formations. The first two groups include the surface-transformed and disturbed soils, the natural profile of which is weakly changed. The technogenic superficial formations artificially constructed on the buried horizons of natural soils are highly subjected to technogenesis. In dependence on natural and technogenic conditions, age or exploitation time, peculiar features of soil stratum on football grounds it is possible to recognize a postlithogenic type of soddy-podzolic soils as well as 3 synlithogenic types represented by techno-soddy podzolic soil and 2 types of technogenic superficial formations including primitive and soddy quasizems. The evolution trends are striving to develop three subtypes of soddy quasizems under all the bioclimatic conditions including lessive, gleyic and solonetzic ones, whereas under humid conditions of the Moscow region there exist 5 subtypes of techno-soddy podzolic soils represented by lessive, gleyic, technogenically overcompacted, residual-carbonate and chemically polluted ones.

scholarly journals Disturbed Lands Reclamation Statement in the Territory of the Mokhovsky Coal Mine

2020 ◽  
Vol 174 ◽  
pp. 02003
Author(s):  
Natalia Stenina ◽  
Oksana Ivina ◽  
Marina Yakovchenko ◽  
Gennady Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
Coal Mine ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Disturbed Soils ◽  
Zonal Soils ◽  
Hydrolytic Acidity

The national project “Ecology” sets to bring up to date the ecological policy of the environment-geared laws of the Russian Federation which must preserve biodiversity and afford the involvement of all participants in the process. Revegetation, as part of the program, sets to restore disturbed lands to a condition suitable for their use in the national economy and prevent their anthropogenic impact on the adjacent areas. The quality of reclamation works is not always at an adequate level, which creates difficulties in the remediated lands development. This is a consequence of insufficient information at the design stage, specifically data on the composition and properties of the soil cover and worked-out rock mass, lack of special technical support for the implementation of remediation measures at the proper level, the landscape of the deposit is not taken into account during the work with disturbed soils. Intensive use of the studied territories of the Sartakinsky, Karakansky and Mokhovsky fields both in agricultural and mining industries led to changes in the natural biocenos. This paper presents the study of soil-agrochemical characteristics (granulometric and structural structure of soil, the humus content, hydrogen index, the content of food elements, hydrolytic acidity, the sum of absorbed bases, absorption capacity, etc.) on different genetic horizons of zonal soils of Mokhovsky coal mine, and specifically unbroken soils of Mokhovsky, Sartakinsky and Karakansky fields on possibility of their use at carrying out of biological reclamation.

scholarly journals SOIL-LANDSCAPE PECULIAR AREAS IN THE NORTH OF CENTRAL SIBERIA (ACCORDING TO INTERPRETATION OF SPACE-BORNE IMAGES)

2014 ◽  
pp. 85-108
Author(s):  
T. V. Ananko
Keyword(s):  
Carbonate Rocks ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Component Composition ◽  
Northern Taiga ◽  
Electronic Format ◽  
Central Siberia ◽  
The North ◽  
Soil Landscape ◽  
Aerospace Images

When correcting the lists for the State soil map of the northern part in Central Siberia in electronic format using visual satellite images obtained by SAS Planet, it was possible to specify the boundaries of old soil contours and recognize new ones. Interpretation of aerospace images for sloping landscapes within the northern taiga subzone as confined to compacted rocks of trappean complex, loose Quaternary rocks and Jura sedimentary non- carbonate rocks permitted to enlarge the knowledge about the component composition of the soil cover at the above territory.

scholarly journals AUTOMATIC LINEAMENTS MAPPING AND EXTRACTION IN RELATIONSHIP TO NATURAL HYDROCARBON SEEPAGE IN UGWUEME, SOUTH-EASTERN NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-44
Author(s):  
Mfoniso Asuquo Enoh ◽  
Francis Ifeanyi Okeke ◽  
Uzoma Chinenye Okeke
Keyword(s):  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Potential Zone ◽  
Lineament Density ◽  
Remotely Sensed Data ◽  
Rose Diagram ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
South Central ◽  
The Rose ◽  
Very High ◽  
Natural Hydrocarbon

The study focus on the integration of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System for identification and delineation of lineaments in relation to natural hydrocarbon seepage, which occur in Ugwueme, South-Eastern Nigeria. To achieve this objective, remotely sensed data (ASTER Digital Elevation Model and Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS) were used to depict the surface expression of faults, folds and fractures which are expressed in the form of lineaments. The global positioning system (GPS) was also used for ground verification. The geology map of the study area, which is elucidated in the geology of Nigeria was used to show the distribution of rocks and other geologic structures. The delineation of lineament features was done automatically with the PCI Geomatica while the Rock ware was used to generate the Rose diagram for demonstration of the direction of the extracted lineaments. The classification of the lineaments density and the lineaments intersection analysis were categorized as very low, low, moderate, high and very high classes respectively. Areas classified as very high to high lineaments density are potential zone, which act as conduits for hydrocarbon seepage. The result shows that a total lineament frequency of 947 km and a total lineament length of 946 km were delineated from the satellite data. The result further shows that areas with high lineaments density are concentrated in the southwest, south, central and northern part of the study area while areas with low lineament density were found within the eastern part of Ugwueme. The Rose diagram highlight the major trend in the (NE-SW), (N-S) and (NW-SE) directions, and the minor trend in the (W-E) direction. These directional trends depict the directions of lineaments which act as conduits zones for hydrocarbon seepage in the region. The overall findings of the study shows that lineament density, lineament intersection and rose diagrams are concepts applicable in hydrocarbon oil and gas seepages.

Proposed classification for human modified soils in Canada: Anthroposolic order

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Anne Naeth ◽  
Heather A. Archibald ◽  
Candace L. Nemirsky ◽  
Leonard A. Leskiw ◽  
J. Anthony Brierley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
Anthropogenic Activity ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Regulatory Frameworks ◽  
Disturbed Soils

Naeth, M. A., Archibald, H. A., Nemirsky, C. L., Leskiw, L. A., Brierley, J. A., Bock, M. D., VandenBygaart, A. J. and Chanasyk, D. S. 2012. Proposed classification for human modified soils in Canada: Anthroposolic order. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 7–18. With increasing anthropogenic activity, the areal extent of disturbed soils is becoming larger and disturbances more intense. Regulatory frameworks must incorporate reclamation criteria for these disturbed soils, requiring consistent descriptions and interpretations. Many human altered soils cannot be classified using the Canadian System of Soil Classification (CSSC), thus an Anthroposolic Order is proposed. Anthroposols are azonal soils, highly modified or constructed by human activity, with one or more natural horizons removed, removed and replaced, added to, or significantly modified. Defining features are severe disruption of soil forming factors and introduction of potentially new pedogenic trajectories. Disturbed layers are anthropic in origin and contain materials significantly modified physically and/or chemically by human activities. Three great groups are defined by presence of anthropogenic artefacts and organic carbon content. Six subgroups are based on a cover soil layer with higher organic carbon content than the profile below it, on depth of disturbance, on drainage characteristics and water regime at the site. Some new phases and modifiers, in addition to traditional ones used in the CSSC, are based on chemical and physical properties and origins of anthropogenic artefacts. The proposed classification has been successfully applied to reclaimed profiles and is ready for widespread field testing.

Lineament Extraction and Analysis on Jarawa Complex, Northcentral Nigeria Using Remote Sensing and GIS Techniques

2018 ◽  
pp. 342-347
Author(s):  
Dauda D. D ◽  
Nimlang. H. N ◽  
Goyit M. P
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Remote Sensing And Gis ◽  
Drainage Pattern ◽  
North Central ◽  
Rose Diagram ◽  
Gis Techniques ◽  
Aster Gdem ◽  
Spatially Distributed ◽  
Lineament Extraction ◽  
The Rose

This study was carried out to extract and analyze the lineaments within the Jarawa Complex of North Central Nigeria using remote sensing and GIS techniques. Nigeria SAT – X image and ASTER GDEM, where used for mapping, extraction and analyses of the lineaments. Linear stretching and edges enhancement filter were applied to enhance the contrast and edge of the linear features using ILWIS 3.4 software. The enhanced image was visually interpreted and lineaments were extracted using on – screen digitizing in ArcGIS 10.0 environment. A total of 108 lineaments were extracted from the study area. The extracted lineaments were analyzed to determine lengths, distribution, density and orientation in order to generate lineament map, lineament density map, typology map, hill shaded relief map, drainage pattern map and rose diagram. From the results obtained, the lineaments ranged from 0.52 – 7.18 km in length and are spatially distributed within the study area. The northwestern and northcentral parts of the study area are characterized by high lineament densities which serve as conduits for mineral deposits. GEOrient software was used to plot the rose diagram from which the directional frequencies where obtained. The dominant lineament trend is NW – SE, however, two secondary trends are obvious in NNW – SSE and N – S direction.

THE SOIL IN THE BIOSPHERE: ITS ENVIRONMENTAL FUNCTIONS AND PLACE WITHIN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dmitry Khomyakov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Natural Soils ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
National Wealth ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Environmental Functions

The current article shows the exceptional importance of soil, soil cover (geoderm) and soil cover of the Earth (pedosphere) in the stable functioning of the global ecosystem in the environmental and society sustainable development. The author defines such consepts as “climatic neutral” agriculture and “green agrochemistry”. Natural soils with their fertility can be attributed to critical irreplaceable resources, the main national wealth, providing the sustainable development of the country.

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