scholarly journals Land elevation and slope exposition impacts on rubber wood production volume under agroforestry system

2021 ◽  
Vol 305 ◽  
pp. 03003
Author(s):  
Samsul Bakri ◽  
Christine Wulandari ◽  
Rusita Jamal ◽  
Ghina Zhafira
Keyword(s):  
Agroforestry System ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Production Volume ◽  
Wood Production ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Protected Forests ◽  
Latex Production

As the senile phase due and causes depeleting latex productivity, the rubberwood stands can still be claimed as carbon sequestration under the REDD+ Scheme. This is also to maintain vegetation cover in protected forests, beside for fostering social forestry (HKm) sustainability as well. Nowadays the role of genetic and environment factors on latex production have widely revealed by some researchers, but lack on wood production especially for the effect of land elevation and slope exposition against solar beam radiation so need to research. Ordinary Least Square employed at 95% significant level, the respond variable was the volume wood production per tree, whereas the predictor were land elevation in an-100 m above sea level, land slope expositions that were decomposed into 4 categories with the reference of the compass direction in between 3370.30’ to 225.50 follow needle clock’s direction while the three other directions were the westward, southwest ward, and northwest ward. Air humidity and temperature also incorporated to control model error. Data collected by surveying to 75 parcels at HKm area Mangga Joyo located in Way Kanan Regency. Parameter optimization used Minitab 16. The result suggest that wood volume average: (1) increase significantly by 0.02205m3 for every 100m higher elevation, but (2) decrease significantly by 0.21532 m3 which for westward land exposition compare to the eastward one.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF HOUSEHOLD COMPOSITION IN EGG CONSUMPTION IN THE OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY COMMUNITY

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
A. B. AYANWALE ◽  
J. O. AJETOMOBI
Keyword(s):  
Demand Function ◽  
Household Composition ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Function Parameter ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Ordinary Least Square Regression ◽  
University Community

This paper exainîned the role of household composition in egg cunsumption in Obafemi Awolowo University Community. An Ordinary Least Square regression model was used to obtain at-home demand function parameter estimates for egg. Positive and signiflcant relationship was found between quantity of eggs consumed and both household size and the age of children. A 1% increase in each of the variables would cause a 4.68% and 5.71 % increase in egg consumption respectively. The need for education of the household on the importance of egg consumption and keeping an optimum family size was suggested based on the findings of the study.

scholarly journals Dilemma of Business Climate and The "Real Climate"

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
Faradiba Faradiba
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Climate Data ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
The Village

The role of business in advancing the economy and welfare is highly expected in the community. In the development of a business that occurs, it often sacrifices non-profit aspects, such as the environment. The indirect impact that can arise from business development is climate change. This study uses climate data and the number of industrial enterprises by type at the village level, to determine the effect of business on the climate that occurs. This study uses ordinary least square, to determine the role of each independent variable. The results of this study indicate that an increase in 1,000 of these types of businesses will result in an increase in temperature of 1 oC. Furthermore, an increase in 1,000 types of business will reduce rainfall by 11 to 64 mm. Government and community efforts are needed to maintain climatic conditions for the sustainability of the ecosystem.

Insurance regulations, risk and performance in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-96
Author(s):  
Baah Aye Kusi ◽  
Abdul Latif Alhassan ◽  
Daniel Ofori-Sasu ◽  
Rockson Sai
Keyword(s):  
Random Effect ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
First Time

Purpose This study aims to examine the hypothesis that the effect of insurer risks on profitability is conditional on regulation, using two main regulatory directives in the Ghanaian insurance market as a case study. Design/methodology/approach This study used the robust ordinary least square and random effect techniques in a panel data of 30 insurers from 2009 to 2015 to test the research hypothesis. Findings The results suggest that regulations on no credit premium and required capital have insignificant effects on profitability of insurers. On the contrary, this study documents evidence that both policies mitigate the effect of underwriting risk on profitability and suggests that regulations significantly mitigate the negative effect of underwriting risk to improve profitability. Practical implications The finding suggests that policymakers and regulators must continue to initiate, design and model regulations such that they help tame risk to improve the performance of insurers in Ghana. Originality/value This study provides first-time evidence on the role of regulations in controlling risks in a developing insurance market.

scholarly journals The Role of Political Connections on Family Firms’ Performance: Evidence from Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iman Harymawan ◽  
Mohammad Nasih ◽  
Muhammad Madyan ◽  
Diarany Sucahyati
Keyword(s):  
Family Firms ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Political Connections ◽  
Family Ownership ◽  
Ols Regression ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship of firms with family ownership and their performance in Indonesia and further examine on how political connections affect this relationship. This study used 933 samples from 413 companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in the period between 2014 and 2016. Using ordinary least square (OLS) regression, the results shows that firms without family ownership (non-family firms) have better performance than firms with family ownership (family firms) in Indonesia. Furthermore, the findings also show that the performance of family firms significantly improve when the firms are affiliated with political connections. Our findings imply that establishing political connections in family firms will increase the performance of the firms.

Relative institutional quality and FDI inflows in ASEAN countries

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tajul Ariffin Masron
Keyword(s):  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Relative Effectiveness ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Fdi Inflows ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Asean Countries

Purpose Foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into any country, especially ASEAN countries, is affected by any improvement in the institutional quality (IQ) of competitors such as China. As generally investors make decisions by comparing two countries’ IQ, the ratio of two countries’ IQ matters more than a single country’s IQ. The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the role of IQ on FDI inflows in ASEAN countries for the period 1996-2013. Design/methodology/approach With limited information on IQ, this study pools eight ASEAN countries as the sample for analysis from 1996 until 2013. A panel dynamic approach – namely, dynamic ordinary least square and fully modified ordinary least square – is utilized. Findings This study confirmed that relative IQ significantly affects FDI inflows into ASEAN countries. The low effect is more reflective of the small portion of world FDI inflows into the ASEAN region. Research limitations/implications This study observes the crucial relationship between IQ and FDI – that the relative effectiveness of IQ in attracting FDI inflows depends heavily on the changes in both countries’ IQ. Hence, the effort of ASEAN countries to improve IQ and use it as a means to lure FDI inflows should go beyond a mere improvement. Focus should be on significant improvement of IQ so that multinational corporations will comfortably remain or inject new FDI into the country. Practical implications Every ASEAN country should double their efforts toward improving their IQ in order to attract future FDI. Originality/value Several studies have confirmed the role of IQ on FDI inflows. However, the majority of these studies have investigated the effect of IQ exclusively for a specific country even though some of them have used a panel of several countries’ data. On the other hand, investors normally evaluate their decision on whether or not to invest based on the relative terms, comparing several potential locations of investment at once. This study can be considered the first to explore the potential effect of IQ after taking into account the possibility of each ASEAN country’s IQ being easily offset by changes in the IQ of China.

scholarly journals Deposit Money Banks and Economic Growth in Nigeria

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samson Ogege ◽  
Tarila Boloupremo
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Banking System ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Credit Allocation ◽  
Least Square Estimator ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Residual Series

This paper examines the effect of deposit money banks intermediation role on economic growth and development in Nigeria. The main objective of the research was to ascertain the extent to which sectorial credit allocation by deposit money banks have influenced growth in the economy. Time series data covering the period 1973-2011 for deposits money banks credits in Nigeria and per capita gross domestic product were analyzed within the framework of Engle-Granger Representation Theorem; the approach estimated a co-integrating regression using the ordinary least square estimator, and then investigated the presence of a co-integration relation by examining the stationarity of the estimated residual series. The findings indicate that credit allocation to the production sector is significantly promoting economic activity. The implication that can be drawn from this study is that to ensure that the banking system performs its role of credit allocation effectively it must channel funds into productive investment and more productive uses; deposit money banks should act as efficient financial intermediaries devoted to allocating resources to the most productive uses.

scholarly journals Women Access and Awareness of Financial Inclusion in Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-50
Author(s):  
Lienggar Rahadiantino ◽  
Ariska Nurfajar Rini
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Probit Model ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Savings And Loan ◽  
Saving Behavior

The financial system plays a role in creating a community economic development, especially overcoming gender disparities. This paper analyzes the effect of mobile phone on the financial inclusion of women's in Indonesia involving data from household surveys provided by the 2014 Family Life Survey. We use the probit model with Ordinary Least Square (OLS) methods and the variable procedure to examine how the role of mobile phone on women's awareness in accessing financial institutions, as well as increasing savings and loan ownership. Our estimation results found that mobile phone penetration significantly increased awareness of women to access formal financial institutions, improve saving behavior, higher credit amount and access mobile banking. Therefore, mobile phone brings great benefits in increasing financial inclusion, especially women in Indonesia.

Board independence and firm performance: evidence from Kuwait

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mejbel Al-Saidi
Keyword(s):  
Firm Performance ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Independent Directors ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Large Shareholders ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose This paper aims to reduce the knowledge gap by using a large sample and different regressions while controlling the endogeneity and causality issues. Design/methodology/approach This study used the ordinary least square (OLS) and two stage least squares (2SLS) regressions to control the endogeneity and causality problems; this estimation strategy allows for comparison of both estimates to identify any inconsistency and biases in the parameters. Findings General speaking, this study found that board independence negatively affected firm performance based on Tobin’s Q only and the relationship between the two variables ran from board independence to firm performance but not vice versa. Originality/value The current independent directors are not adding value to Kuwait’s listed firms. Some directors who represent large shareholders and the conflict between large shareholders and small shareholders could affect the role of independent directors in Kuwait. To best of the researchers’ knowledge, this study is the first to consider board independent after controlling the issues of endogeneity and causality in Kuwait; thus, the results could be useful for Kuwaiti firms, regulators and policymakers.

scholarly journals Covid-19, Remittance Inflow, and Economic Growth Rate in Nepal

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-80
Author(s):  
Arbind Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Domestic Literature ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Ground

The proliferation of COVID-19 pandemic over the globe is anomalously hurting the world’s economy. The paper aims to reveal the possible loss in economic growth rate for FY 2020 due to plausible retardation in remittance/GDP size of Nepal under COVID- 19 regime by utilizing transmission approach, trend forecast, and ordinary least square method form 2000 to 2019. The study harvests two premises: first, remittance/GDP has a positive estimate to the economic growth rate and second, if the pandemic proliferates more, and if it downsizes the remittance/ GDP size by 25% to 75%, it reduces the projected GDP growth rate (6.95) up to 6.68 to 5.3% respectively for FY 2020. However, domestic literature also supports the strong role of remittance on the micro-level. Therefore, the microeconomic impact of the virus may be more appalling than the macro-economic ground.

Understanding the determinants of festival attendee spending: the role of cultural capital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Báez-Montenegro ◽  
María Devesa
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Capital ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Tobit Regression ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
The City ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore which factors determine visitor spending at a cultural festival, focusing particularly on cultural capital variables.Design/methodology/approachThe case study is the Valdivia International Film Festival. Data from a survey conducted amongst a representative sample of attendees at the festival is used and ordinary least square (OLS) and Tobit regression models are applied.FindingsSix of the variables included from the model prove statistically significant: gender, age, place of residence, participation in other activities at the festival, and “leisure and sharing” motivation.Practical implicationsFestival organisers should draw up a programme and prepare activities that are balanced so as to attract local film lovers, but that should also appeal to outside visitors, who would see the festival as an opportunity to enjoy a wider tourist experience, all of which would have a broader economic impact on the city.Originality/valueUnderstanding which factors determine spending leads to an improvement in the event's viability and ensures its future sustainability. This study adds to the growing literature establishing a sound theoretical corpus on the topic.

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