scholarly journals Present status and prospects of the Tunka Radio Extension

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
D. Kostunin ◽  
P.A. Bezyazeekov ◽  
N.M. Budnev ◽  
D. Chernykh ◽  
O. Fedorov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Passive Mode ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Digital Radio ◽  
Shower Maximum ◽  
Gamma Astronomy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Antenna Field ◽  
Future Plans

The Tunka Radio Extension (Tunka-Rex) is a digital radio array operating in the frequency band of 30-80 MHz and detecting radio emission from air-showers produced by cosmic rays with energies above 100 PeV. The experimentis installed at the site of the TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic rays and Gamma Astronomy) observatory and performs joint measurements with the co-located particle and air-Cherenkov detectors in passive mode receiving a trigger from the latter. Tunka-Rex collects data since 2012, and during the last five years went throughseveral upgrades. As a result the density of the antenna field was increased by three times since its commission. In this contribution we present the latest results of Tunka-Rex experiment, particularly an updated analysis and efficiency study, which have been applied to the measurement of the mean shower maximum as a function of energy for cosmic rays of energies up to EeV. The future plans are also discussed: investigations towards an energy spectrum of cosmic rays with Tunka-Rex and their mass composition using a combination of Tunka-Rex data with muon measurements by the particle detector Tunka-Grande.

scholarly journals The highest-energy cosmic-rays – the past, the present and the future

2019 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 00001
Author(s):  
Alan Watson
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Mass Distribution ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Telescope Array ◽  
Hadronic Interactions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Shower Maximum ◽  
The Mean

The greater part of this paper is concerned with a historical discussion of the development of the search for the origins of the highest-energy cosmic-rays together with a few remarks about future prospects.Additionally, in section 6, the situation with regard to the mass composition and energy spectrum at the highest energies is discussed. It is shown that the change of the depth of shower maximum with energy above 1 EeV, measured using the Telescope Array, is in striking agreement with similar results from the Auger Observatory. This implies that either the mean mass of cosmic rays is becoming heavier above ~4 EeV or that there is a change in details of the hadronic interactions in a manner such that protons masquerade as heavier nuclei. A long-standing controversy is thus resolved: the belief that pure protons dominate the mass distribution at the highest energies is no longer tenable.

scholarly journals Physics Potential of a Radio Surface Array at the South Pole

2019 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 01007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank G. Schröder
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Galactic Center ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Galactic Cosmic Rays ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Physics Potential ◽  
Shower Maximum ◽  
Mass Dependent ◽  
Near Future

A surface array of radio antennas will enhance the performance of the IceTop array and enable new, complementary science goals. First, the accuracy for cosmic-ray air showers will be increased since the radio array provides a calorimetric measurement of the electromagnetic component and is sensitive to the position of the shower maximum. This enhanced accuracy can be used to better measure the mass composition, to search for possible mass-dependent anisotropies in the arrival directions of cosmic rays, and for more thorough tests of hadronic interaction models. Second, the sensitivity of the radio array to inclined showers will increase the sky coverage for cosmic-ray measurements. Third, the radio array can be used to search for PeV photons from the Galactic Center. Since IceTop is planned to be enhanced by a scintillator array in the near future, a radio extension sharing the same infrastructure can be installed with minimal additional effort and excellent scientific prospects. The combination of ice-Cherenkov, scintillation, and radio detectors at IceCube will provide unprecedented accuracy for the study of highenergy Galactic cosmic rays.

Dependence of the muon pseudorapidity on the cosmic ray mass composition around the knee

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gohar Rastegarzadeh ◽  
Mohammad Nemati
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Linear Equations ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Iron Nucleus ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Muon Tracking ◽  
Tracking Detector ◽  
The Mean

In order to identify the mass composition of cosmic rays (CRs), we have investigated the mean muon pseudorapidity (〈η〉) values of muonic component in extensive air showers (EASs). For this purpose we have simulated EASs by CORSIKA 7.4 code for Hydrogen, Oxygen and Iron nucleus. The energy range was selected between 1014 eV and 1016 eV with zenith angle from 0°–18°. We have compared our calculations with KASCADE muon tracking detector (MTD) measurements to obtain results on the primary mass relationship with mean muon pseudorapidity values of EASs muonic component. It is shown that after the knee energies, experimental data tend to the heavy primaries and mass composition becomes heavier. Finally, linear equations between the mass of primary and mean η values for different energies are obtained.

scholarly journals Depth of shower maximum and mass composition of cosmic rays from 50 PeV to 2 EeV measured with the LOFAR radio telescope

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Corstanje ◽  
S. Buitink ◽  
H. Falcke ◽  
B. M. Hare ◽  
J. R. Hörandel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Radio Telescope ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Shower Maximum

ULTRA HIGH ENERGY COSMIC RAYS WITH THE PIERRE AUGER OBSERVATORY

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 221-229
Author(s):  
◽  
J. R. T. DE MELLO NETO
Keyword(s):  
Energy Spectrum ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Pierre Auger Observatory ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
The Status ◽  
Shower Maximum

We present the status and the recent measurements from the Pierre Auger Observatory. The energy spectrum is described and its features discussed. We report searches for anisotropy of cosmic rays arrival directions in large scales and through correlation with catalogues of celestial objects. The measurement of the cross section proton-air is discussed. Finally, the mass composition is addressed with the measurements of the variation of the depth of shower maximum with energy and with the muon density at ground.

scholarly journals Mass composition of cosmic rays with energies from [1017.2]eV to [1020]eV using surface and fluorescence detectors of the Pierre Auger Observatory

2018 ◽  
Vol 191 ◽  
pp. 08008
Author(s):  
Gašper Kukec Mezek
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Pierre Auger Observatory ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Ultra High Energy ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
High Energy Cosmic Rays ◽  
Full Dataset ◽  
Hybrid Detection

Ultra-high-energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) are highly energetic particles with []EeV energies, exceeding the capabilities of man-made colliders. They hold information on extreme astrophysical processes that create them and the medium they traverse on their way towards Earth. However, their mass composition at such energies is still unclear, because data interpretation depends on our choice of high energy hadronic interaction models. With its hybrid detection method, the Pierre Auger Observatory has the possibility to detect extensive air showers with an array of surface water-Cherenkov stations (SD) and fluorescence telescopes (FD). We present recent mass composition results from the Pierre Auger Collaboration using observational parameters from SD and FD measurements. Using the full dataset of the Pierre Auger Observatory, implications on composition can be made for energies above [1017.2]eV.

scholarly journals The Pierre Auger Observatory: latest results and future perspectives

2018 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 02023
Author(s):  
Mario Buscemi
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Pierre Auger Observatory ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Ultrahigh Energy ◽  
Huge Amount ◽  
High Quality Data ◽  
Shower Maximum ◽  
Cosmic Ray Flux

The Pierre Auger Observatory is the largest ultrahigh-energy cosmic ray observatory in the world. The huge amount of high quality data collected since 2004 up to now led to great improvements in our knowledge of the ultra-energetic cosmic rays. The suppression of the cosmic-ray flux at highest energies was clearly established, and the extra-galactic origin of these particles was confirmed. On the other hand, measurements of the depth of shower maximum indicate a puzzling trend in the mass composition of cosmic rays at energy around the ankle up to the highest energy. The just started upgrade of the Observatory, dubbed AugerPrime, will improve the identification of the mass of primaries allowing us to disentangle models of origin and propagation of cosmic rays.

scholarly journals MEASUREMENTS OF COSMIC RAYS WITH ICETOP/ICECUBE: STATUS AND RESULTS

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (39) ◽  
pp. 1230038 ◽  
Author(s):  
ALESSIO TAMBURRO
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mass Composition ◽  
Electromagnetic Signal ◽  
Air Showers ◽  
Air Shower ◽  
Nuclear Composition ◽  
Shower Development ◽  
Transient Events

The IceCube Observatory at the South Pole is composed of a cubic kilometer scale neutrino telescope buried beneath the icecap and a square-kilometer surface water Cherenkov tank detector array known as IceTop. The combination of the surface array with the in-ice detector allows the dominantly electromagnetic signal of air showers at the surface and their high-energy muon signal in the ice to be measured in coincidence. This ratio is known to carry information about the nuclear composition of the primary cosmic rays. This paper reviews the recent results from cosmic-ray measurements performed with IceTop/IceCube: energy spectrum, mass composition, anisotropy, search for PeV γ sources, detection of high energy muons to probe the initial stages of the air shower development, and study of transient events using IceTop in scaler mode.

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