scholarly journals A possible solution for flood risk mitigation in Ho Chi Minh City and the lower Sai Gon-Dong Nai River Basin

2019 ◽  
pp. 114-123
Author(s):  
Cong San Dinh ◽  
Binh Duong Nguyen ◽  
Kim Dan Nguyen ◽  
Van-Thanh-Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Tropical Depression

The Sai Gon-Dong Nai Basin plays a very important role in the socio-economic development of Vietnam. The area of Ho Chi Minh (HCM) City is about 2095 km2, 60% of which lying under 2 m above MSL. Its population is about 8.136 million. Economic development has led to flood-related problems. The causes of floods are monsoon rainfalls, high tides, and outflows from the Dau Tieng Reservoir, upstream of HCM City. This paper proposed a plausible solution for flood mitigation in HCM City by uplifting the Dau Tieng dam crest. This solution can be recommended based on the results of an extensive simulation study which used: (i) a statistical downscaling procedure for evaluating the climate change (CC) impacts on precipitations; (ii) the MARINE model for simulating the rainfall-runoff process; (iii) the Telemac2D model for simulating the inundation; and (iv) the GIS tool for representing the inundated areas under different CC scenarios. It was found that under the A2 scenario an increase of rainfall by 2050s and added 40% of this rainfall (assuming due to tropical depression), the maximum regulated discharges released from the Dau Tieng dam could reach 1650, 500 and 300 m3s−1 without any enhancement then with the dam enhancement of 1.0 and 1.5 m, respectively. As comparing to event occurred on July 21, 2009 due to the combined effect of a heavy rainfall and a high tide condition, the inner city flooding area increases by 1.2, 1.3 and 8.2% with the dam enhancement of 1.5, 1.0 m and without dam enhancement, respectively. Results of this study have therefore provided critical information for making a logical decision concerning the possibility of uplifting the height of the crest of the Dau Tieng dam to mitigate the urban flooding in HCM City under the threat of CC and sea level rise.

Wastewater-fed aquaculture systems in Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam: status and trends.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pham Viet Huy Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Seed Production ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Nutrient Source ◽  
Water Spinach ◽  
Status And Trends ◽  
Rice Fish ◽  
The City

Abstract There are currently eight types of wastewater-fed aquaculture (WFA) systems in Ho Chi Minh City: seed production, fish-livestock, fish-water mimosa, fish-lotus, rice-fish, fish-only, water spinach, and fish-water spinach. Some utilize wastewater efficiently as a nutrient source, while some others have to control carefully the intake of wastewater. WFA has attracted farmers on their own initiative. Although it provides a living for a significant number of urban farmers and plays important roles in farmers' livelihoods, it is now under threat from the process of economic development of the city. The impacts of urbanization on former WFA sites in inner city zone of district 6 and district 8 where it is disappearing rapidly indicate what is likely to happen to current WFA sites in the city. Urbanization has also created livelihood uncertainties for farmers. The attraction of high prices of land and the impacts of urbanization projects are the main constraints, resulting in the decline in WFA areas. Pollution from uncontrolled and dispersed industrialization is another threat for WFA.

One-dimensional modelling of the interactions between heavy rainfall-runoff in an urban area and flooding flows from sewer networks and rivers

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 927-934 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Lipeme Kouyi ◽  
D. Fraisse ◽  
N. Rivière ◽  
V. Guinot ◽  
B. Chocat
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Urban Floods ◽  
One Dimensional ◽  
Overland Flows ◽  
Variable Water ◽  
Sewer Networks

Many investigations have been carried out in order to develop models which allow the linking of complex physical processes involved in urban flooding. The modelling of the interactions between overland flows on streets and flooding flows from rivers and sewer networks is one of the main objectives of recent and current research programs in hydraulics and urban hydrology. This paper outlines the original one-dimensional linking of heavy rainfall-runoff in urban areas and flooding flows from rivers and sewer networks under the RIVES project framework (Estimation of Scenario and Risks of Urban Floods). The first part of the paper highlights the capacity of Canoe software to simulate the street flows. In the second part, we show the original method of connection which enables the modelling of interactions between processes in urban flooding. Comparisons between simulated results and the results of Despotovic et al. or Gomez & Mur show a good agreement for the calibrated one-dimensional connection model. The connection operates likes a manhole with the orifice/weir coefficients used as calibration parameters. The influence of flooding flows from river was taken into account as a variable water depth boundary condition.

Determining and evaluating the level of socio-economic risks for Russia to respond to ‘Grand Challenges’

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 443-469
Author(s):  
Nataliya V. KUZNETSOVA ◽  
Ekaterina V. KOCHEVA ◽  
Nikolai A. MATEV
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Market Potential ◽  
Russian Regions ◽  
Economic Agents ◽  
Grand Challenges ◽  
Technological Gap ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
Mitigation Methods ◽  
Economic Risks

Subject. The modern economic development strongly depend on a powerful regulator, such as grand challenges, which have become a critical barrier, requirement, level that should be attained. Considering the grand challenges, the country set up goals and tasks for the coming period and adjusts operations of economic agents. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the gap between the absolute and current market potential with reference to qualitative and quantitative indicators. The study is called to assess whether Russia is prepared for the existing and arising grand challenges. We also determine risk mitigation methods and the probability of negative scenarios. Objectives. We determine and evaluate the level of socio-economic risks for Russia to respond to the grand challenges. We also pinpoint key directions for the Russian regions to continue their socio-economic development in order to promote their further economic growth. Methods. The study presents the economic-mathematical modeling of the nexus among factors that determine socio-economic risks of the GRP dynamics to find their mitigation methods. In the study, the logit-model with dummy variables that attribute the regions to certain clusters. Results. We analyzed and classified risks of the Russian regions by 10 integral indicators. The article shows homogeneous regional zones exposed to similar socio-economic development risks. We also carry out the multivariate classification of the Russian regions by the risks assessed. As the findings show, the Russian regions strongly differ by socio-economic risks. The article spotlights priorities of the socio-economic development of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. Conclusions and Relevance. As their key development vector, the Russian regions need to overcome the technological gap, mitigate the S&T potential risk and a drop in the innovative activity of the economy.

scholarly journals HO CHI MINH CITY ECONOMY IN RELATION TO THE VIETNAMESE ECONOMY AND FACTORS AFFECTING HO CHI MINH CITY ECONOMIC GROWTH

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 26-44
Author(s):  
Canh Nguyen Thi ◽  
Tuan Nguyen Quoc
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Ho Chi Minh City ◽  
Small Contribution ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
National Budget ◽  
Country Factors

This research paper is focused on analyzing situation of economic development in Ho Chi Minh City after nearly 30 years implementing economic reform policies in Vietnam to specify the position and role of Ho Chi Minh City economy in comparison with the whole nation’s. In this research, we applied qualitative method with data description and economic development indicators comparison. Data are secondary data which were obtained from Statistic Yearbooks of Vietnam and Ho Chi Minh City in periods 1990/2000/2005-2013. Results indicate that the Ho Chi Minh City economy remains the Vietnam’s largest which accounts for more than 20% GDP and a third of the national budget. The annual economic growth and average income per capita are 2-3% and two times higher than those of Vietnam respectively. The poverty rate is also the lowest in the country. Factors that positively affect the Ho Chi Minh City economic growth are capital and labor as reflected by higher productivity and efficiency (specifically Ho Chi Minh City’s ICOR is 1.5-1.78 times lower than Vietnam’s and laborproductivity is two times higher than that of Vietnam) and the greater contribution of the capital and labor factors to the economic growth. However, there are signals that Ho Chi Minh City economic growth is unsustainable, including (1) slower export volume and FDI; (2) reduced weight of industry sector, especially the slow growth of key high-technology disciplines; (3) the downgrading of the urban environment quality which reduces the green GDP growth; and (4) the gradual decrease of the total factor productivity (TFP) and its very small contribution to the Ho Chi Minh City economic growth. Based on the results, this paper suggests some solutions to a sustainable development for Ho Chi Minh City in the next period.

scholarly journals Analysis of urban flood using synthetic unit hydrograph (SUH) and flood mitigation strategies along way Halim River: a case study on Seroja street, Tanjung Senang District

2021 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 07015
Author(s):  
Dian Pratiwi ◽  
Arniza Fitri ◽  
Arlina Phelia ◽  
Nabila Annisa Amara Adma ◽  
Kastamto
Keyword(s):  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Trigger Factor ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Unit Hydrograph ◽  
Urban Flood ◽  
Flood Discharge ◽  
Absorption Area ◽  
Synthetic Unit Hydrograph

In the urban area, flooding becomes the most common disaster that has not been resolved until today. The utilization of river border area into housing and lack of absorption area becomes the trigger factor of urban flooding, as what is happening around Way Halim River on Seroja street. In this area, floods often happen during the rainy season, with the latest events recorded on January 21st, 2021. Analysis of flood intensities and discharges can be parameters for the decision-making of flood mitigation strategies. This study aims to analyze the flood discharges along Way Halim River, Seroja street by comparing the flood discharges resulting from three analysis methods of Synthetic Unit Hydrograph (SUH) including Gama I SUH, Nakayasu SUH, and Snyder SUH. Finally, suitable flood mitigation strategies were also proposed in this study based on the flood discharges and rain intensities. The results showed that Nakayasu SUH had the highest peak flood discharge than Snyder SUH and Gama I SUH. Based on the results of the investigation of land suitability; and analysis of rainfall intensities and flood discharges, the proposed flood mitigation in Seroja street is by installing biopore infiltration holes along Seroja street for storing water and reducing the risk of flooding in the area.

High Tide on the High Plateau

2020 ◽  
pp. 121-145
Author(s):  
Benno Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Chinese Communist Party ◽  
High Tide ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
High Plateau ◽  
United Front ◽  
The Chinese Communist Party ◽  
Sudden Introduction ◽  
The Way

This chapter explores the period from summer 1955 to summer 1956, a year that saw the sudden introduction of class analysis and protocollectivization into Amdo's grasslands. Spurred by the nationwide “High Tide of Socialist Transformation,” which sought to collectivize agriculture at a sudden and startling pace, in fall of 1955, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) organized “intensive investigations” into Amdo's pastoral society, efforts meant to pave the way for the staged introduction of pastoral cooperatives. By early 1956, Qinghai's leadership had made cooperativization (hezuohua) the year's core task in pastoral areas. Under these circumstances, the underpinnings of the United Front came under pressure as socialism itself was declared the means to achieve nationality unity and economic development. With revolutionary impatience threatening to overwhelm United Front pragmatism, the rhetoric used to describe Tibetan elites began to shift as well. Rather than covictims of nationality exploitation, headmen and monastic leaders were increasingly transformed into representatives of the pastoral exploiting class.

scholarly journals Brief communication: Loss of life due to Hurricane Harvey

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1073-1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan N. Jonkman ◽  
Maartje Godfroy ◽  
Antonia Sebastian ◽  
Bas Kolen
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Rainfall ◽  
Flood Hazard ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Loss Of Life ◽  
Houston Area ◽  
Dam Releases

Abstract. An analysis was made of the loss of life caused by Hurricane Harvey. Information was collected for 70 fatalities that occurred due to the event and were recovered within the first 2 weeks after landfall. Most fatalities occurred due to drowning (81 %), particularly in and around vehicles. Males (70 %) and people over 50 years old (56 %) were overrepresented in the dataset. More than half of the fatalities occurred in the greater Houston area (n = 37), where heavy rainfall and dam releases caused unprecedented urban flooding. The majority of fatalities were recovered outside the designated 100- and 500-year flood hazard areas.

scholarly journals Research on the Construction Method of the Service-Oriented Web-SWMM System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawei Xiao ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Yuchen Lu ◽  
Songshan Yue ◽  
Tao Hou
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Protection Agency ◽  
Runoff Simulation ◽  
Storm Water Management Model ◽  
The Us ◽  
Service Oriented

On a global scale, with the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous expansion of cities, the problem of urban flooding has become increasingly prominent. An increasing number of experts and scholars have begun to focus on this phenomenon and build corresponding models to solve the problem. The storm water management model 5 (SWMM5) is a dynamic rainfall-runoff simulation model developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); this model simulates urban flooding and drainage well and is widely favored by researchers. However, the use of SWMM5 is relatively cumbersome and limited by the operational platform, and these factors hinder the further promotion and sharing of SWMM5. Based on the OpenGMS platform, this study first encapsulates, deploys, and publishes SWMM5 and further builds the Web-SWMM system for the model. With Web-SWMM, the user can conveniently use network data resources online and call SWMM5 to carry out calculations, avoiding the difficulties caused by the localized use of SWMM5 and enabling the sharing and reuse of SWMM5.

scholarly journals An Urban Flash Flood Alert Tool for Megacities—Application for Manhattan, New York City, USA

Hydrology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafea Al-Suhili ◽  
Cheila Cullen ◽  
Reza Khanbilvardi
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
York City ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Event ◽  
Urban Flooding ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Inlet Flow ◽  
Rainfall Runoff Model ◽  
Runoff Model

Urban flooding is a frequent problem affecting cities all over the world. The problem is more significant now that the climate is changing and urbanization trends are increasing. Various, physical hydrological models such as the Environmental Protection Agency Storm Water Management Model (EPA SWMM), MIKE URBAN-II and others, have been developed to simulate flooding events in cities. However, they require high accuracy mapping and a simulation of the underground storm drainage system. Sadly, this capability is usually not available for older or larger so-called megacities. Other hydrological model types are classified in the semi-physical category, like Cellular Automata (CA), require the incorporation of very fine resolution data. These types of data, in turn, demand massive computer power and time for analysis. Furthermore, available forecasting systems provide a way to determine total rainfall during extreme events, but they do not tell us what areas will be flooded. This work introduces an urban flooding tool that couples a rainfall-runoff model with a flood map database to expedite the alert process and estimate flooded areas. A 0.30-m Lidar Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the study area (in this case Manhattan, New York City) is divided into 140 sub-basins. Several flood maps for each sub-basin are generated and organized into a database. For any forecasted extreme rainfall event, the rainfall-runoff model predicts the expected runoff volume at different times during the storm interval. The system rapidly searches for the corresponding flood map that delineates the expected flood area. The sensitivity analysis of parameters in the model show that the effect of storm inlet flow head is approximately linear while the effects of the threshold infiltration rate, the number of storm inlets, and the storm inlet flow reduction factor are non-linear. The reduction factor variation is found to exhibit a high non-linearity variation, hence requiring further detailed investigation.

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