scholarly journals Effect of complex modification on cement compositions

2018 ◽  
Vol 212 ◽  
pp. 01018
Author(s):  
Irina Enzhievskaya ◽  
Cyril Odintsov ◽  
Maxim Chekhlov
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ammonium Hydroxide ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Cement System ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
Mineral Additives ◽  
By Products ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The article deals with the modification of cement compositions by a complex of modifiers, including superplasticizers and finely dispersed mineral fillers (micro fillers), based on local raw materials and by-products of the industry, as well as being capable of improving the physical and mechanical characteristics of cement concretes and solutions. The expediency of joint application of finely dispersed fillers and superplasticizers for obtaining materials with high performance characteristics is shown. The studies described in the article are aimed at expanding the raw materials base of mineral additives in combination with superplasticizers and studying their behavior in the cement system. As finely dispersed mineral additives, the following were used in the work: ground limestone from the overburden from the Mazulsky deposit, waste from sawing the jadeite of the Kashkaraksky deposit, a pulverized fraction of waste from crushing the Berezovskoye gravel, and Novosibirsk microsilica. It is shown that the introduction of the waste from sawing jadeite into the composition of the cement, along with microsilica, leads to increasing strength at bending and compression at 28 days. In the process of manufacturing a concrete and mortar mixture with the addition of limestone flour, increased gas emission was visually observed. The interaction was observed between the finely dispersed limestone flour with additives of plasticizing effect with the observed emission of complex gases, such as ammonium hydroxide, ammonium nitrate, and others.

Binder for colored asphalt based on light hydrogenated petroleum polymer resins

2020 ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
V.A. Kochetkova
Keyword(s):  
Quality Indicators ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Organic Binder ◽  
Polymer Resin ◽  
Petroleum Polymer ◽  
Technology Of Production ◽  
Petroleum Polymer Resin ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The article provides an overview of the production of binders, sets out the requirements for the quality indicators of colored asphalt, the technology of production of binders, and also considers promising areas in the production of colorless binders. The purpose of the work was to create an affordable organic binder based on light hydrogenated petroleum polymer resins and use the developed binder for colored asphalt. To achieve this goal, we analyzed patents for the production of binders, on the basis of which the composition of raw materials was selected, and studied the physical and mechanical characteristics of the obtained samples on both hydrogenated and non-hydrogenated petroleum polymer resin.

scholarly journals PHYSICO-MECHANICAL, THERMAL AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS COMPOSITE MATERIALS BASED ON POLYURETHANE BINDER AND MINERAL FILLERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
V. Sh. Sulaberidze ◽  
E. A. Skorniakova
Keyword(s):  
Composite Materials ◽  
Flame Retardants ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Elasticity Modulus ◽  
Electrical Characteristics ◽  
Dielectric Coatings ◽  
Fine Powders ◽  
Coefficient Of Elasticity ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The article presents the results of studies of the physical, mechanical, thermal and electrical characteristics of composite materials based on polyurethane as a binder and mineral fillers from fine powders AlN, Al(OH)3, SiO2, CaSiO3 with a content of up to 70 wt.%. These composite materials are used to create modern sealants and dielectric coatings that meet special requirements for strength, elasticity, heat resistance, including those that do not support combustion (by using flame retardants). Dependences of tensile strength, coefficient of elasticity, modulus of elasticity under compression and hardness of samples, electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity on the mass content of the filler were determined. It was found that in terms of the combination of physical and mechanical characteristics, the compositions based on the applied polyurethane are more durable, elastic and resilient than compositions based on a silicone binder with the same fillers previously studied by the authors.

scholarly journals STUDY OF THE PROPERTIES OF ACTIVE MINERAL ADDITIVES FOR USE IN HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 8-17
Author(s):  
O. Larsen ◽  
O. Aleksandrova ◽  
V. Naruts ◽  
A. Polozov ◽  
A. Bakhrakh
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Hydraulic Engineering ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Volume Increase ◽  
Engineering Construction ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
Engineering Projects ◽  
Mineral Additives

Improving the technology of construction production contributes to improving the quality of construc-tion of hydraulic structures and their reliability. In recent decades, rolled compacted concrete has be-come widespread in the construction of dams in our country and in world practice. The technology of rolled compacted concrete in hydraulic engineering projects has a number of advantages: it reduces labor costs and expenses, allows fully mechanization the concreting process with implement of high-performance equipment, and thereby increases the rate of construction of massive structures. The use of mineral fillers in rolled concrete will reduce heat generation, contribute to a reduced adiabatic rise in the temperature of concrete, improve its performance and increase durability. The test method for assessing pozzolanic activity of volcanic scoria, fly ash, crushed powder of basalt and volcanic tuff by degree of absorbed lime from a saturated calcium hydroxide solution with a simultaneous change in volume is described. The studies have shown that volcanic scoria and crushed powder of basalt are additives with the lowest volume increase at the age of 30 days, they show the high pozzolanic proper-ties and can be selected as initial pozzolanic materials for production rolled compacted concrete with significant economic and environmental advantages.

Natural wastes as particle filler for poly(lactic acid)-based composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (6) ◽  
pp. 783-797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Battegazzore ◽  
Amir Noori ◽  
Alberto Frache
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Renewable Raw Materials ◽  
By Products ◽  
Natural Fillers ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Hemp Hurd

The paper describes the production and the mechanical characteristics of composites made completely of renewable raw materials. Several wastes or by-products from agro-industrial production namely hemp hurd, alfalfa, and grape stem were analyzed with respect to their thermal stability, morphological, and chemical composition in an attempt to validate their use in composites. Such natural particle fillers were used in the range of 10–50 wt% in combination with poly(lactic acid) by melt blending to obtain fully bio-based composites. These fillers were responsible for a noteworthy increase in the storage modulus. Furthermore, two micromechanical models (Voigt and Halpin–Tsai) were used to mathematically fitted the experimental data, and then the unknown moduli were extrapolated and compared with other natural fillers. Finally, the flexural strength of the bio-composites and the adhesion evaluation by exploiting Pukanszky’s model were carried out. As a result, the hemp hurd in the form of chips was the best investigated filler, which showed the highest calculated modulus of 10.5 GPa (Voigt) and the best filler–matrix interaction with “B” (Pukanszky’s coefficient) of 2.10. This information can be useful when comparison and selection of a suitable filler among the natural fillers are required.

Obtaining low-energy cement from industrial raw material

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-40
Author(s):  
N. N. Zhanikulov ◽  
B. T. Taymasov ◽  
I. N. Borisov ◽  
M. S. Dauletiyarov ◽  
M. Zh. Aitureev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Pyrite Cinder ◽  
Clay Component ◽  
Free Cao ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The results of obtaining Portland cement by lowenergy technology using technogenic raw materials are presented. Coal wastes and tephritobasalt in a ratio of 1: 1 were used as the clay component, instead of scarce pyrite cinder, granular lead slags were used. The regularities of the influence of the compositions of the blends, saturation coefficient, silicate and alumina modules, firing modes on the chemical and mineral composition and quality of clinker and cement are established. The composition of the raw mixes was calculated according to the ROCS program, the content of free CaO in the clinker was determined. The strength of experimental cement was tested after 7 and 28 days of hardening. Its physical and mechanical characteristics and structure were studied.

scholarly journals The improvement of composite plates’ indicators from cotton and flax spinning waste by modification of raw materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 239 ◽  
pp. 01009
Author(s):  
Alexander Ibragimov ◽  
Tatyana Vakhnina ◽  
Irina Susoeva
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Composite Plate ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Composite Plates ◽  
Plate Material ◽  
Acid Modification ◽  
Composite Heat ◽  
Soft Acid ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The article is devoted to solve the problem of modification of the non-returnable cotton and flax spinning waste in order to improve the physical and mechanical characteristics of composite heat-insulating plates based on these wastes. The modification of the vegetable filler with a 1% solution of sulfuric acid made it possible to increase the physical and mechanical indicators of plates. The thermal insulation properties of the composite plate material with some soft acid modification of the filler did not change significantly.

Fiber Concrete on the Basis of Composite Binder and Technogenic Raw Materials

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 603-607 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Klyuev ◽  
Tolya A. Khezhev ◽  
Yu.V. Pukharenko ◽  
A.V. Klyuev
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Composite Binder ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Fibre Concrete ◽  
Concrete Production ◽  
Fiber Concrete ◽  
Technogenic Raw Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

In the article the questions of application of the mining waste: dropout of quartzite sandstone crushing as filler in the fibre concrete production were considered. Composite binders based on cement and dropout of quartzite sandstone crushing were also developed. The effectiveness of composite binders’ usage consisting in improving the physical and mechanical characteristics and reduction of their prime cost compared to the cement with a slight increase in the complexity of their production was proved. The compositions of concrete dispersed reinforced with steel wave fiber and without it were developed. The efficiency of the use of dispersed reinforcement of fine-grained concrete is proved, which consists in improving the performance characteristics.

scholarly journals Expanded obsidian as a soil aerator, its porosity, physical and mechanical characteristics

2020 ◽  
Vol 175 ◽  
pp. 09019
Author(s):  
Artsruni Safaryan ◽  
Tamara Sarkisyan ◽  
Tatevik Paytyan ◽  
Marine Kalantaryan ◽  
Armine Baghdagyulyan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Volcanic Glass ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Strength Increase ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

Today, the decline in soil fertility progress, therefore, special attention paid to the search for new, including non-traditional sources of raw materials that allow cultivating agricultural crops. It is propose to use expanded obsidian as a soil aerator. Obsidian is a volcanic rock, consisting of volcanic glass in which water content does not exceed 1%. A characteristic feature of this stone is the ability to expand under heat treatment. The expansion of obsidian is possible to implement at temperatures of 1050… 1150 °C. It has been shown that due to obsidian expansion it is possible to obtain a light porous filler with an average density of 200… 350 kg/m3, where the heat treatment of 5… 10 mm grains should be performed under temperatures from 1050 to 1150°C, during 3…5 minutes. The mechanical strength of the expanded obsidian is due to the thickness of the internal partitions of the pores and depends on the total porosity. Increased porosity decreases the strength of the expanded obsidian grains as the internal partitions of the pores become thinner. Relatively high mechanical strength develop grains with less porosity, ie lower coefficient of expansion. At the same time, the nature of the external surface of the grain has a significant influence on the mechanical strength. The melted surface,under other equal conditions provides mechanical strength increase of the expanded obsidian.

scholarly journals INTEGRATED USE OF MOUNTAIN BREEDS ORENBURG REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
А.А. Makaeva ◽  
T.V. Tihonova ◽  
E.P. Golubeva ◽  
D.R. Makaeva
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Crushed Stone ◽  
Material Base ◽  
Orenburg Region ◽  
Construction Products ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
Local Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Characteristics

The wide raw material base of the Orenburg region for the purpose of use of local materials for production of construction products is analyzed. Special attention is paid to the production of aggregates and the use of screenings of crushing in the mineral fillers. Stastic data of volumes of production of crushed stone and the crushing wastes which are formed at the same time are given. Application of fillers from screenings of crushing of rocks of gabbro-diabase, limestone, basalt porphyry and granite allows to improve physical and mechanical characteristics of materials on their basis that allows to draw a conclusion about expediency of their use.

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