scholarly journals The application of zinc citrate for the synthesis of carbon materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 340 ◽  
pp. 01042
Author(s):  
Yuliya Sinelnikova ◽  
Nikolai Uvarov
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Decomposition ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Specific Capacity ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Cyclic Voltamperometry

Zinc citrate was prepared and its thermal decomposition was investigated by methods of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Products of the thermal decomposition were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The decomposition proceeds at temperatures 50 - 420 °C in three stages and leads to the formation of nanocrystalline ZnO with the average grain size of 23 nm. Subsequently, zinc citrate was used as a precursor of ZnO hard template for preparation of carbon mesoporous materials by the solid template method. The carbon materials were obtained by pyrolysis of polymer matrix of phenol-formaldehyde resin in which zinc citrate was added. It was found that the resulting material has a specific surface area of 1051 m2/g. According to the cyclic voltamperometry data, the material has a specific capacity 40 F/g.

Borax Modify Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin as Wood Adhesives

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 507-513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Hang Lin ◽  
Xiao Feng Zhu ◽  
Xiao Bo Wang ◽  
Zhen Zhong Gao
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Thermodynamic Characteristics ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Alkaline Condition ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Free Phenol ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer

A modified phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin was synthesized under alkaline condition in varying proportion of borax up to 21% (w/w). All the prepared resin were characterized by free phenol content, free formaldehyde content as well as hydroxymethyl content. It was proved by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) that B-O bond had been successfully introduced into the structure of PF resin. Thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA) and different scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to characterize the thermodynamic characteristics of the PF resin. The result showed that when the mass fraction of borax was 9wt.% of PF resin, the heat resistance was the best and the curing temperature of the modified PF resin was higher than that of the unmodified PF resin.

Physico-mechanical characteristics and phase composition of unburned periclase-carbon refractories on modified phenol-formaldehyde resin

2019 ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
D. A. Brazhnik ◽  
G. D. Semchenko ◽  
G. N. Shabanova ◽  
E. E. Starolat ◽  
I. N. Rozhko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Phase Composition ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Carbon Materials ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Ethyl Silicate ◽  
Ammonium Citrate ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin

The possibilities of improving the physico-mechanical properties of periclase-carbon materials by modifying the phenol-formaldehyde resin (PFR) with organoinorganic complexes are described. The composition of the modifying additives, the phase composition of the materials after the PFR hardening are given, the influence of modifiers on the formation of the structure of materials is established. It is shown that the introduction of ethyl silicate or hydrolyzed ethyl silicate into liquid PFR during preparation of the charge contributes to the formation of SiC in the phase composition. The conclusion is made about the rationality of the introduction of ethyl silicate in an amount of from 0,66 to 1 wt. % and the prospects of introducing nickel oxalate into a liquid PFR together with ammonium citrate to increase the compressive strength of periclase-carbon materials up to 60 MPa. Ill. 7. Ref. 9.

New Strategy toward Novel Hyperbranched Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin: Synthesis, Characterization and Curing Study

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 177-180
Author(s):  
Samaresh Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Flow Behavior ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Elemental Analyses ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
First Time ◽  
Tof Ms

Novel hyperbranched phenol-formaldehyde (HBPF) resin 1 has been prepared for the first time. Thorough characterizations (FT-IR, NMR, HPLC, MALDI-TOF MS and elemental analyses and rheological flow behavior) were performed to ascertain the structure of HBPF 1. The condensationcuring event of HBPF with diglycidylether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA) has been studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique.

An X-ray diffraction study of phenol-formaldehyde resin carbons

Carbon ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kobayashi ◽  
S. Sugawara ◽  
S. Toyoda ◽  
H. Honda
Keyword(s):  
Diffraction Study ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Carbon-Carbon Composite Materials Based on Low Modulus Fabrics

2022 ◽  
Vol 1049 ◽  
pp. 240-247
Author(s):  
Ivan S. Zherebcov ◽  
Valeriy V. Savin ◽  
Alexander V. Osadchy ◽  
Victoriia A. Chaika ◽  
Vadim Borkovskih
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Materials ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Temperature Treatment ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Alloying Additives ◽  
Carbon Composite Materials ◽  
Low Modulus

Scientific research and the search for new technologies to increase the level of mechanical and high-temperature properties are ongoing. The article discusses the technology of using carbon materials, pyrolysis and impregnation with phenol-formaldehyde resins. It is shown that the proposed technology makes it possible to achieve a sufficient level of mechanical properties when using low-modulus carbon fabrics after pyrolytic treatment as a prepreg at a temperature treatment no higher than 900 K. Pillowcase and resole phenol-formaldehyde resins were used to impregnate the prepreg. The proposed technology also allows the introduction of alloying additives into the system to improve the properties. An example of the introduction of nitrogen into a composite by adding urotropine to a phenol-formaldehyde resin, which was used to impregnate the composite, is considered.

Softwood Bark Pyrolysis Oil-PF Resols. Part 2. Thermal Analysis by DSC and TG

Holzforschung ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Amen-Chen ◽  
B. Riedl ◽  
C. Roy
Keyword(s):  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Cure Kinetics ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Pyrolysis Oil ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Molar Ratios ◽  
Model Free ◽  
Pyrolysis Oils

Summary Cure behavior of resins formulated with petroleum phenol replaced by 25 and 50 wt% of softwood bark-derived pyrolysis oils, using various formaldehyde to phenolics molar ratios and alkalinity content, was characterized by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). Kinetic parameters were obtained by the Borchart-Daniels method and the model-free (Vyazovkin) method. Resins containing up to 50% by wt of pyrolysis oils had slower cure kinetics and lower extent of condensation reaction compared to a neat laboratory made phenol-formaldehyde resin. However, very similar kinetic curing behavior to the standard resins was found for resols having 25% by wt of the petroleum phenol replaced by the pyrolysis oils. Thermogravimetric analysis (TG) of cured pyrolysis oil-PF resins has been done under nitrogen and air environments at a constant heating rate. Thermal behavior of resins containing pyrolysis oils differed depending on the nature of the purge gas used in TG. Increasing the amount of pyrolysis oils decreased the thermal resistance of the experimental resins.

Study on Diallyl Phthalate Modified Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin

2013 ◽  
Vol 467 ◽  
pp. 185-191
Author(s):  
Min Zhen Bao ◽  
Hong Wei Yu ◽  
Bin Fu Bao ◽  
Yuan Cao
Keyword(s):  
Phenolic Resin ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Quinone Methide ◽  
Formaldehyde Resin ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Thermal Analyzer ◽  
Diallyl Phthalate

This paper aimed to produce the alkaline phenolic resin by the addition of diallyl phthalate into traditional phenolformaldehyde resin. Then the modified resin was characterized using dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) and simultaneous thermal analyzer (STA). The results indicated that: the increase of the diallyl phthalate contributed to the rise of the storage modulus (E) and loss modulus (E), the decrease of the loss factor. Curing temperature also showed a decline trend and was decreased by 5°Cwhen the amount of modifider was 2.5% of the phenol. The improvemnt of Organic ester on curing of alkaline phenolic resin achieved by rapidly promoting resin molecular to generate reactive intermediate quinone methide. The amount of the modifier had little effect on the thermostability of resin, but it reduced the bonding strength of plywood.

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