An X-ray diffraction study of phenol-formaldehyde resin carbons

In this study, [Formula: see text]-doped yttrium oxide nanophosphors were prepared using the hydrothermal method assisting with the polyacrylic acid (PAA), phenol formaldehyde resin precursor (PF), and gum arabic (GA), respectively and their structural and optical properties were studied. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of the samples can be well indexed to the cubic structure. Additionally, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showed that the samples were different morphologies, via combining with different templates. The luminescence results revealed that the addition of templates have a significant influence on the luminescence properties of [Formula: see text]-doped [Formula: see text].

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The Electrical Resistivity of B4C Modified Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin Matrix Composite Materials Pyrolyzed at Different Temperatures

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.583.36 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 583 ◽

pp. 36-39 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hai Yun Jiang ◽

Ji Gang Wang ◽

Shen Qing Wu ◽

Wei Li Zhang

Keyword(s):

Electrical Resistivity ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Resin Matrix ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

X Ray ◽

Heat Treated ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Resin Matrix Composite

The electrical resistivity is studied when B4C modified phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin is heat-treated at temperatures of 300-1500 °C, and then the X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra are also investigated. The results indicate that the electrical resistivity is elevated with the increase of pyrolytic temperature of PF resin. The addition of B4C decreases the electrical resistivity efficiently when the temperature is range of 700-1000 °C. Especially the composite is treated at tmperatures of 1000-1500 °C. The analysis of XRD spectra suggests that the addition of B4C promotes the arrangement of residue at high temperature. The arrangement reaction has not a direct effect on the electrical resistivity.

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Self-adhesion X-ray Shielding Composite Material of EPDM Rubber with Barite: Mechanical Properties

Materiale Plastice ◽

10.37358/mp.20.1.5309 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (1) ◽

pp. 28-36

Author(s):

Vasiliy Cherkasov ◽

Yuiy Yurkin ◽

Valeriy Avdonin ◽

Dmitriy Suntsov

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Peel Strength ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Adhesion Properties ◽

X Ray ◽

Industrial Oil ◽

Oil Concentration ◽

Free Material

It is actual now to work out new radiation protecting sheeting on the basis of non-curing polymeric composition which possess self-adhesion properties, are easily mounted and dismantled and provide high tightness and low permeability. Mechanical properties of non-curing composites consisting of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), industrial oil (IO), alkyl phenol-formaldehyde resin (PF) with addition of barite (52 %) to the total material volume were investigated in this article. The aim of investigation is to find optimal content of the above mentioned components at which it would be possible to get the following properties: composite would be sticky enough (peel strength not less than 4 N/cm); character of a separation would be cohesive (on a material) and thus there would be no migration of softener and satisfactory resistance of fluidity. The results showed that PF addition till 20 % in the system EPDM/PF leads to the increasing of adhesive strength, in this case optimal oil concentration in the system EPDM/PF/IO is in the interval from 45 till 55 %. New self-adhesion lead-free material, exhibited higher X-ray-shielding properties, is also received in the result of investigation.

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Pyrolysis Behavior of Boron-Containing Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin (BPFR) Modified by B2O3

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.616.315 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 616 ◽

pp. 315-318 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Qin Lu ◽

Fei Chen ◽

Qiang Shen ◽

Yan Qin ◽

Zhi Xiong Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Elevated Temperatures ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Structural Evolution ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Resin Matrix ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Ft Ir ◽

Decomposition Behavior ◽

Ft Ir Spectroscopy

In this study, pure boron-containing phenol-formaldehyde resin (BPFR) and boron oxide (B2O3) modified BPFR have been pyrolyzed at elevated temperatures in air and their thermal decomposition behavior is mainly explored. The structural evolution and chemical composition change during pyrolysis are characterized by thermal gravity (TG), Fourier-transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). It is shown that the mass residues of pure BPFR are 27.1 and 8.7 wt.% after being pyrolyzed at 600 and 1000 °C for 2 h, respectively. In comparison with the pure BPFR, the mass residue of B2O3 modified BPFR is obviously higher, with the values of 72.9 and 39.7 wt.% at 600 °C and 1000 °C, respectively. The results of FT-IR prove the degradation and failure of the resin matrix are mainly resulted from the fracture of methylene and the release of small molecules. The XRD characterization shows the residues are amorphous carbon and B2O3. FE-SEM exhibits the melting B2O3 layer formed on the surface of the samples which could prevent oxygen from diffusing into composites during oxidation to some extent.

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Microstructure and Oxidation Resistance of Muscovite-Glass Frits Loaded High Silica Cloth/Boron-Containing Phenol-Formaldehyde Resin-Based Ceramifying Composites

Applied Mechanics and Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.319.34 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 319 ◽

pp. 34-38

Author(s):

Yan Qin ◽

Jie Ding ◽

Zhi Xiong Huang ◽

Qi Lin Mei ◽

Zhi Long Rao

Keyword(s):

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Oxidative Degradation ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Mullite Ceramic ◽

Muscovite Mica ◽

Fiberglass Fabric ◽

High Silica ◽

Thermo Oxidative Degradation

The boron-containing phenol-formaldehyde resin-based ceramifying composites that used muscovite mica and glass frits loaded boron-containing phenol-formaldehyde resin (BPF) as matrix, high silica fiberglass fabric as reinforcements, were pyrolyzed into ceramic gradually in the air. Glass frits were fused into liquid phase and spread to the surface to make muscovite mica form compact mullite ceramic shell. The shell restrained oxygen into the internal effectively in order to reduce the thermo-oxidative degradation of BPF resin. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) showed that aluminium borate (Al8B4O33) and mullite (Al6Si2O13) crystalline phases after pyrolysis. SEM demonstrated the ceramifying progress of the microstructure of the composites, and EDS analyzed the micro-chemical composition.

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The application of zinc citrate for the synthesis of carbon materials

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/202134001042 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 340 ◽

pp. 01042

Author(s):

Yuliya Sinelnikova ◽

Nikolai Uvarov

Keyword(s):

Thermal Decomposition ◽

Carbon Materials ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Specific Capacity ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Average Grain Size ◽

Cyclic Voltamperometry

Zinc citrate was prepared and its thermal decomposition was investigated by methods of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. Products of the thermal decomposition were investigated by X-ray diffraction analysis. The decomposition proceeds at temperatures 50 - 420 °C in three stages and leads to the formation of nanocrystalline ZnO with the average grain size of 23 nm. Subsequently, zinc citrate was used as a precursor of ZnO hard template for preparation of carbon mesoporous materials by the solid template method. The carbon materials were obtained by pyrolysis of polymer matrix of phenol-formaldehyde resin in which zinc citrate was added. It was found that the resulting material has a specific surface area of 1051 m2/g. According to the cyclic voltamperometry data, the material has a specific capacity 40 F/g.

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Reinforcing of phenol formaldehyde resin by graphene oxide and lignin nanohybrids

High Performance Polymers ◽

10.1177/0954008319827060 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 590-599 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jianzheng Zhang ◽

Wang Rumin ◽

Pengpeng Chen

Keyword(s):

Graphene Oxide ◽

Storage Modulus ◽

High Performance ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde ◽

Weight Ratio ◽

Mechanical Analysis ◽

Phenol Formaldehyde Resin ◽

Formaldehyde Resin ◽

X Ray Diffraction ◽

Transmission Electron

Utilizing synergetic effects of different fillers was an important strategy to develop high-performance polymer nanocomposites. In this work, novel hybrid nanofillers composed of graphene oxide (GO) and alkali lignin (L) were obtained successfully, and their reinforcing effect of phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin was fully investigated. The structures, morphologies, and properties of the GO-L nanocomposites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscope, thermal gravimetry analysis, and Raman spectra. Dynamic mechanical analysis results showed that the GO-L–reinforced PF resin is much better than the single added GO and lignin with the same weight ratio. The effect of the filling ratio of GO-L on the storage modulus of PF was also investigated. Results showed that the storage modulus of PF was increased from 2015 MPa to 3675 MPa with the addition of 2 wt% of GO-L (3:7) hybrids.

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