scholarly journals Development and Trends of Depreciation Policy in Slovak Republic

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 02051
Author(s):  
Adela Poliakova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Recent Change ◽  
Recent Period ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Low Emission ◽  
Free Transport

Research background: Depreciation as such represents a significant component of business costs. It is known that in the current legislation in the Slovak Republic there was no depreciation in the depreciation group with a depreciation period of 2 years. As part of increasing the motivation of the business sector to procure low-emission or emission-free transport, an amendment to the Income Tax Act was adopted with effect from the beginning of 2020, which introduces a new depreciation group 0 and favours the depreciation of electric vehicles. The newly introduced depreciation group zero has a strong ecological subtext. Purpose of the article: The article deals with the development of depreciation policy in the conditions of the Slovak Republic, compares the current situation with the situation in the Czech Republic and on the example of practical calculations of depreciation. The aim of the paper is to compare current trends in depreciation policies in the context of supporting the greening of transport. Methods: We used methods of analysis and comparing. Findings & Value added: Based on an extensive analysis, the article maps the most significant changes in the depreciation policy. Within the historical development of today’s tax depreciation, several trends are manifesting that are favourable for the business environment. The depreciation policy in the Czech Republic has not undergone such extensive changes as in Slovakia, where the most recent change in the recent period is the introduction of a depreciation group with a depreciation period of 2 years.

scholarly journals Evaluation of economic potential of business environment development by comparing sector differences: perspective of SMEs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Belas ◽  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Martin Cepel ◽  
Matus Kubak
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Categorical Variables ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Business Conditions ◽  
The Given

Research background: Improving business conditions and SME development are signs of a country’s macroeconomic stability. The issue of identifying and removing barriers to the development of firms in the SME segment is a priority in all countries with developed economies and its importance is currently increasing. Purpose of the article: The main aim of this paper is to explore possible differences in entrepreneurs’ perception of the business environment based on the industry in which the company operates. The analysis contains also a national view, where a comparison between the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic is performed. Methods: Correspondence analysis was used to achieve the research objectives in order to examine the relations between the categorical variables. Its application is beneficial in cases where the graphic output is clearer than the numerical one. Findings & Value added: The presented research makes it possible to identify problematic aspects of doing business in each sector and to create support mechanisms for the creation of effective structural policies. Entrepreneurs from the Czech Republic’s Production and Transport sectors agree with the statement that the business environment in the country is suitable for starting a business. As for business environment’s suitability for doing business, neither Slovak nor Czech entrepreneurs sector-wide agreed with the given statement. Czech entrepreneurs from the Services, Trade and Construction sectors, respectively, agree, fully agree with the statement that the business environment in the country is reasonably risky and allows for doing business. In the case of entrepreneurs from Slovakia, no significant correspondence is observed. Findings regarding the statement that the business conditions in the country have improved over the past five years are the following: In the Czech Republic, there is a perfect correspondence of the Transport sector and the agreement with the given statement. In the Slovak Republic, agreement was found with the given statement in the Transport sector and neutral position in the Production sector.

scholarly journals Supporting Producer Groups – Increasing Producer’s Value Aded?

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Kotyza ◽  
K. Tomsik ◽  
K. Elisova ◽  
A. Hornowski
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Relative Ease ◽  
Programming Period

Abstract Cooperation between entities can be the basis for improved competitiveness. The Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic were able to draw on EU funds to support the formation of producer groups. Main objective was to investigate whether the funds have led to an increase of value added of products placed on the market. In the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic during the reporting period the sum of 44 million EUR was provided to support the establishment of marketing organizations, 305 producer groups were supported. Many of the supported entities are no longer active. In the Czech Republic, only 15 entities are still operating, but they do not have a significant impact on the increase of value added of the agricultural sector. In the Slovak Republic, entities supported in the first programming period (2004–2006) have a higher share of the generated value added. During the second funding period (2007–2013), the supported groups showed a negative value added. Given the characteristics of supported groups, the number of successfully supported groups, the reported features and the total value of generated value added, it can be suggested that most of the entities were established due to the relative ease of fundraising.

scholarly journals Reflection of the Change in VAT Rates on Selected Household Expenditures in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic (2007–2013)

2014 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1465-1474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Široký ◽  
Regína Střílková ◽  
Anna Bánociová ◽  
Veronika Zlaczká
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Household Expenditures ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Typical Representative ◽  
Household Spending ◽  
Reduced Rate

Member States of the European Union in the period of years 2007–2013 increased the rate of value added tax several times in an attempt to consolidate public budgets. While the Czech Republic is a typical representative of country changing VAT rates several times, Slovakia made practically only one change in the VAT rate. On the other hand, the Slovak Republic is a country where the reduced rate is applied only to the minimum of commodities. Changes in VAT are naturally reflected in household expenditures which are analyzed by the consumer basket, whose composition is also a subject of changes. Another factor that has an impact on household spending is swapping commodities between the rates of VAT.The aim of this paper is, based on the analytic-synthetic methods, to determine how are these changes differently manifested in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic in reference to the share of commodity consumption included in the standard and reduced VAT rates and to the exempt transactions, and, in particular, to determine how they affected the VAT burden of the hypothetical household in both countries.

scholarly journals Study of legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 689-719
Author(s):  
Beata Gavurova ◽  
Jaroslav Belas ◽  
Yuriy Bilan ◽  
Jakub Horak
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Advanced Economies ◽  
Stable Conditions ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Administrative Obstacles

Research background: SMEs represent an integral part of the economy environment in a majority of the countries all over the world. They signify the most efficient, progressive, and important part of the advanced economies. The long-term effort of the EU countries, as well as other advanced economies is to create quality and stable conditions for their development in order to be able to respond to all the possible changes in the business environment that is being changed to more and more comprehensive in the recent time. Purpose of the article: The objective of the contribution is to examine administrative and legislative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the quantification of the differences in perceiving legislative and administrative obstacles to business by entrepreneurs in both countries. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted within SMEs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2019. The research sample included 641 SMEs, 312 from the Czech Republic and 329 from Slovakia. We focused on 5 dimensions related to legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business within which selected statements were examined. Contingency tables were used to analyze the ratios of the examined variables. Findings & Value added: The differences detected in both countries in the respondents´ perception and assessment are evidence of the changes in the business environment of both countries, giving rise to the questions about the extent to which the legislative and administrative obstacles, as well as the obstacles related to law enforcement and bureaucracy are acceptable and by which groups of entrepreneurs. The results of the research provide valuable findings for the creators of regional and national policies, and represent a valuable basis for the creation of the concepts focused on the SMEs´ development in both countries.  The results of the study also support the implementation of follow-up research in this area that will reveal other determinants affecting the development of SMEs. They also create a valuable platform for the construction of national and international benchmarking indicators in this area and the implementation of comparative analyses. This will also support the methodological area necessary for a creation of high-quality concepts and strategies.

Global value chains in the MedTech industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-92
Author(s):  
Jana Vlckova ◽  
Bublu Sarbani Thakur-Weigold
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Weak Links ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Content Type

Purpose Medical technology (MedTech) is a growth industry, which like other manufacturing sectors has undergone fragmentation of production and emergence of Global Value Chains (GVCs). The purpose of this paper is to compare how two open European economies position themselves competitively within MedTech GVCs: highly developed Switzerland and the emerging Czech Republic. Design/methodology/approach The research applies a mixed methodology to analyze the performance of each location in the MedTech GVCs. It draws on macroeconomic, industry, trade and a proprietary sample of firm data, combined with onsite interviews. Findings The economic outcomes and GVC positions differ in both cases, whereas Switzerland focuses on high value-added activities such as R&D and after-sales service. Specialized manufacturing is also located here in spite of high costs. By contrast, the Czech Republic focuses mostly on low value-added activities, like manufacturing disposables, although some domestic innovative companies are notable. The authors generalize four types of firms in the industry, comparing their presence in both locations. Practical implications The competitive positions and challenges faced by each location when engaging in MedTech GVCs are summarized and related to economic outcomes. In the Czech Republic, the barriers to upgrading include its business environment, and weak links between education institutions and industry. Switzerland’s high cost structure is offset by adding high value in core competencies. Both countries should protect the inherent advantage their locations offer within responsive European supply chains. Originality/value GVC research in the MedTech sector has been limited. There is no comparison of two European countries, and their position in MedTech GVCs, nor of how firms, participate successfully in them.

scholarly journals The Impact of Selected Factors on the Quality of Business Environment Assessment in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kotaskova ◽  
Zoltan Rozsa
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Czech Republic ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Technological Factors ◽  
The Impact

Abstract The paper’s aim is to examine the dependence of the quality of the business environment on defined technological factors (availability of human capital and research and development infrastructure) and to define and quantify significant technological factors that create the quality of the business environment in the SMEs segment. Part of its goal was the comparison of the defined factors between the Czech Republic (CR) and the Slovak Republic (SR). In connection with the stated research goal, a questionnaire survey was conducted among businesses operating in the SME segment. Through this research, 312 companies were surveyed in the Czech Republic and 329 companies in the Slovak Republic. To achieve the primary goal of the article, methods such as correlation analysis and multiple linear regression modelling (t-tests, F-ratio, adjusted coefficient of determination, and so on) were applied. The results of the research have brought interesting findings. Research and development infrastructure, as well as the availability of human capital are important factors that have a positive impact on the business environment in both countries.

scholarly journals THE QUALITY OF MACRO-ENVIRONMENT AND BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT AND UNIVERSITY STUDENT ENTREPRENEURSHIP - COMPARISON OF THE CZECH AND THE SLOVAK REPUBLIC

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ján Dvorský ◽  
Martin Čepel ◽  
Gabriela Sopková ◽  
Anna Kotásková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
University Students ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Student Entrepreneurship ◽  
Doing Business ◽  
Macroeconomic Environment

The aim of this paper was to examine university students’ propensity for entrepreneurship in the context of the evaluation of the quality of macro-environment and business environment. A part of this aim was a comparison of defined factors in the Czech and the Slovak Republic. In relation with the research aim, a survey-based research was conducted with university students in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. 409 students in the Czech Republic and 568 students in Slovakia were approached during this research. To verify the defined scientific hypotheses, the regression analysis was used. The research results brought interesting findings, namely that the present macroeconomic environment does not prevent students from starting their own business, and that the present level of basic macroeconomic factors (GDP, employment, inflation) determine the students’ propensity for entrepreneurship in both countries. In Slovak Republic, the administrative workload is seen by the students as a factor discouraging them from entrepreneurship after graduating from college. The students feel that the conditions for doing business have improved in the last five years. Students in the Czech Republic think that the conditions for doing business have improved over the past five years, and consider the business environment to be reasonably risky and of good quality.   

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Financing for Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Visegrad Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 06041
Author(s):  
Veronika Vrablova
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Bank Loans ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
The World ◽  
Visegrad Group

Research background: Small and medium-sized enterprises form the backbone of any national economy. Therefore, sources of financing are important for the enterprise´s growth around the world. Finance for enterprises can be divided into classic and alternative. Recently, alternative ways of financing experienced a boom, especially venture capital, business angels, and crowdfunding. Although this type of funding is well known around the world, there are difficulties in using alternative financing among the Visegrad group. Moreover, there are lots of other factors curbing the expansion of enterprises. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this paper is to identify and compare sources of financing for small and medium-sized enterprises among the Visegrad group with focus on alternative financing. Visegrad group consists of the Slovak Republic, the Czech Republic, the Hungary, and the Poland. This paper presents an overview of available financing for small and medium-sized enterprises among the Visegrad group. Methods: For analysis, we used data from the the Survey on the access to finance for enterprises in 2019. Moreover, we also did hypothesis testing to compare the usage of financing through bank overdraft in the year 2019. Findings & Value added: We have reached several conclusions. Firstly, this paper suggests that classic sources of financing are used more than alternative ways, from which the bank loans and leasing are used the most. Secondly, the best condition of financing among countries of the Visegrad group is in Poland, but also other countries have huge potential. And finally, financing of enterprises is not the main issue causing difficulties in making business.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Level of Personnel Work in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 287
Author(s):  
Lukáš Smerek ◽  
Milota Vetráková ◽  
Šárka Čemerková ◽  
Vojtěch Malátek
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Business Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Economic Changes ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Operational Processes

After 1989, the countries of Eastern and Central Europe began to undergo significant social and economic changes associated with the process of transformation of the economy into a market economy. Transformation is not only associated with the creation of a business environment, with the formation of new legal and institutional mechanisms, but also with a change in the thinking and behavior of people including employees, managers and owners. The paper aims to identify important processes and trends in developing human resource management in companies in the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. We conducted the questionnaire survey in 2018 and 2019 in various areas of business. We obtained the opinions of respondents from 1542 companies. In the research, we assume that in the conditions of a market economy compared to a centrally managed economy, employees are the most important source of development and performance of companies. Descriptive statistics were used to characterize the sampling unit. The other methods used to evaluate data in the paper were the Mann-Whitney test and Spearman Correlation coefficient. The research revealed that despite a long common history, differences in the field of personnel work have arisen in the last 20 years of the independent existence of the Czech Republic and the Slovak Republic. The only exception is employee care. It was also found that in the Czech Republic the strategic orientation predominates, on the contrary, companies in the Slovak Republic focused on operational processes. Differences were also found in the way of adaptation and further training of employees. The results of the findings can be used to design processes with the highest positive impact on business performance.

scholarly journals Green logistics tools applied in selected companies in the Czech Republic: a survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 ◽  
pp. 09004
Author(s):  
Jan Chocholáč ◽  
Šárka Vančurová ◽  
Michal Míka
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Business Practice ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Green Logistics ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Current Topic ◽  
New Challenges

Research background: The issue of green logistics is a very current topic not only from a scientific point of view but also from the point of view of business practice. The pressure to reduce negative environmental, social and economic impacts presents new challenges and pressures for companies, which will become more important in the coming years. This manuscript deals with green logistics tools applied in selected companies in the Czech Republic. The manuscript strictly focuses on the view of companies on green logistics and its tools, as well as on barriers and drivers for the implementation of green logistics. The aim of the article is to identify the attitude of selected companies in the Czech Republic to green logistics, to analyse barriers and drivers in the implementation of green logistics and to analyse the applied activities of green logistics and the reasons for their application. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the article is to identify the attitude of selected companies in the Czech Republic to green logistics and green logistics tools, to analyse barriers and drivers in the implementation of green logistics and to analyse the applied activities of green logistics and the reasons for their application. Finally, the results of this research are compared and discussed with the results of a study conducted in the Slovak Republic. Methods: To conduct the research, we have used computer-assisted web interviewing with selected Czech companies’ representatives. Findings & Value added: The results show that green logistics is very popular for companies. At the same time, barriers (most often financial) were identified, but also drivers and reasons for the implementation of green logistics tools. Comparing the results with the research conducted in the Slovak Republic, it can be stated that the results of both surveys were very similar, i.e. the location of the company in the Czech Republic or Slovakia does not affect the view of green logistics and its tools.

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