Proses Komunikasi Interpersonal dalam Membangun Relasi Pasangan Beda Agama GN dan DN

Couples of different religions are prone to conflicts related to issues, especially regarding beliefs. In interfaith marriages, the inner bond that exists between a man and a woman but of different religions gives rise to state and religious administrative obstacles as well as other non-administrative obstacles. The purpose of this study was to determine the communication process in building relationships between interfaith couples. This study uses interpersonal communication theory and social penetration theory. This research using qualitative descriptive methods and interviews to collect data. The data obtained is the result of in-depth interviews with 2 sources who have become husband and wife of different religions. The research process from data reduction, data presentation, then analyzed to draw conclusions. The results of this study explain that through the process intimate relations. Interpersonal communication processes that are intertwined become a means to build better and harmonious relationships. The process is influenced by the memory of each partner. In building relationships through interpersonal communication there are factors that influence relationships, such as two-way communication, openness, comfort, trust, and supportiveness is a way of maintaining relationships Keywords: Communication Process; Different religion; Interpersonal Communication; Interfaith Couples Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas tentang proses komunikasi dalam membangun relasi pasangan beda agama. Pasangan beda agama rentan adanya konflik yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan khususnya menyangkut keyakinan. Dalam perkawinan beda agama, ikatan batin yang terjalin antara seorang pria dan wanita tetapi berbeda agama sehingga memunculkan kendala administratif negara dan agama serta kendala non administratif lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses komunikasi dalam membangun relasi pasangan beda agama. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori komunikasi interpersonal, proses komunikasi dari pengenalan sampai dengan yang lebih intim pemetaan dari pengertian teori penetrasi sosial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan wawancara untuk mengumpulkan data. Data yang diperoleh merupakan hasil wawancara mendalam dengan 2 narasumber yang telah menjadi suami istri yang berbeda agama. Proses penelitian dari reduksi data, penyajian data, kemudian dianalisis untuk pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa melalui proses dari intim menuju ke lebih intim. Proses komunikasi interpersonal yang terjalin menjadi sarana untuk membangun relasi yang lebih baik dan harmonis. Proses komunikasi membangun relasi tidak semata-mata langsung dekat ada proses didalamnya. Proses tersebut dipengaruhi oleh memori dari masing-masing pasangan. Penelitian sebelumnya menjelaskan mengenai kecerdasan dalam berkomunikasi dalam perbedaan agama antar pegawai dalam suatu instansi untuk mengetahui strategi dalam berkomunikasi. Dalam membangun relasi melalui komunikasi interpersonal ada faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi relasi seperti komunikasi dua arah, keterbukaan, kenyamanan, sikap percaya, suportif dan mendukung adalah cara dalam pemeliharaan hubunganKata Kunci: Beda Agama; Komunikasi Interpersonal; Pasangan Suami Istri; Proses Komunikasi

Strategy Analyses Study For Evaluating Sport Activities on University of Baghdad Colleges

The research aimed at identifying the results of strategic analyses for evaluating sports activities as well as identifying the differences between scientific and humanity colleges and their role in sports activities. The subjects were (54) faculty members in students activity/ sport activities in (17) colleges affiliated with the University of Baghdad. The results showed a lack of interest in sports activities as well as administrative obstacles that hinder students’ participation in sports events. Finally, the researcher recommended the necessity of encouraging students to participate in sports activities and increasing the university’s financial support.

Perspectives of strengthened cooperation between cross-border regions: The European Commission’s proposal of a regulation on the mechanism to resolve legal and administrative obstacles in the cross-border context

According to some recent data, cooperation between cross-border regions may prove key to support the economic development not only of those regions, but also of the European Union as a whole. However, the very existence of the border may have a negative impact in that regard. The purpose of this article is to provide an analysis of the European Commission’s proposal of a regulation on the mechanism to resolve legal and administrative obstacles in the cross-border context. This instrument, should it come into force, may play a decisive role in promoting the economic development of those areas and the Union, but, most importantly, may be regarded as a way to introduce a cryptofederal element to the European integration process.

Study of legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Research background: SMEs represent an integral part of the economy environment in a majority of the countries all over the world. They signify the most efficient, progressive, and important part of the advanced economies. The long-term effort of the EU countries, as well as other advanced economies is to create quality and stable conditions for their development in order to be able to respond to all the possible changes in the business environment that is being changed to more and more comprehensive in the recent time. Purpose of the article: The objective of the contribution is to examine administrative and legislative obstacles to SMEs business in the Czech Republic and Slovakia and the quantification of the differences in perceiving legislative and administrative obstacles to business by entrepreneurs in both countries. Methods: A questionnaire survey was conducted within SMEs in the Czech Republic and Slovakia in 2019. The research sample included 641 SMEs, 312 from the Czech Republic and 329 from Slovakia. We focused on 5 dimensions related to legislative and administrative obstacles to SMEs business within which selected statements were examined. Contingency tables were used to analyze the ratios of the examined variables. Findings & Value added: The differences detected in both countries in the respondents´ perception and assessment are evidence of the changes in the business environment of both countries, giving rise to the questions about the extent to which the legislative and administrative obstacles, as well as the obstacles related to law enforcement and bureaucracy are acceptable and by which groups of entrepreneurs. The results of the research provide valuable findings for the creators of regional and national policies, and represent a valuable basis for the creation of the concepts focused on the SMEs´ development in both countries. The results of the study also support the implementation of follow-up research in this area that will reveal other determinants affecting the development of SMEs. They also create a valuable platform for the construction of national and international benchmarking indicators in this area and the implementation of comparative analyses. This will also support the methodological area necessary for a creation of high-quality concepts and strategies.

An evaluation reading of the paperless implementation system in the judicial system in KSA – An applied study on the execution courts in Asir region –: قراءة تقييمية لنظام التنفيذ بلا ورق في النظام القضائي في المملكة العربية السعودية – دراسة تطبيقية على محاكم التنفيذ بمنطقة عسير –

The aim of this research is to find obstacles to the implementation of the Paperless Implementation System from the perspective of the users of the system in the Execution Courts. This system was recently launched as an alternative to the manual system. To find and limit those barriers، users were classified into categories such as judges، employees، users and beneficiaries. The data was collected from those targeted through a questionnaire distributed to them. These data were analyzed using SPSS. The results showed that there are a number of obstacles that are related to administrative obstacles، technical obstacles and human obstacles at close rates. The researcher recommended some training for the users of the system as well as creating an appropriate administrative environment for the users.

The obstacles to teaching English for the secondary stage in the Education Directorate in the Aqaba Governorate from the viewpoint of the subject teachers: معوقات تدريس مبحث اللغة الإنجليزية للمرحلة الثانوية في مديرية التربية والتعليم في محافظة العقبة من وجهة نظر معلمي المادة

The aim of the present study was to uncover obstacles of teaching English at the secondary level in the Directorate of Education in the Aqaba Governorate from the point of view of the subject’s teachers. To achieve the goals of the study, the researcher used the descriptive approach. The study tool was a questionnaire distributed to a sample of (65) teachers, who represent (81%) of the study population. Using the statistical program (spss), the results of the study showed that the total degree of obstacles has obtained a total average of (4.242), and at the level of the two axes: the axis of administrative obstacles got a mean average of 4.43) followed by the technical obstacles axis, with an average of (4.055) and all of them with a degree (High). The results showed that there are statistically significant differences between the views of male and female teachers in technical and administrative obstacles. In light of the results, a number of recommendations and proposals were presented to overcome the obstacles facing instructors of English language teaching at the Directorate of Education in the Aqaba Governorate, and all the directorates of Jordan.

Ograniczanie barier prawnych i administracyjnych w polityce transgranicznej Unii Europejskiej

Resolving Legal and Administrative Obstacles in the EU Cross‑border Policy In the face of the crises in the European Union, it has become necessary to review the EU cohesion policy. This new approach can be seen in the recently introduced solutions, which are aimed at the development of cross‑border regions and the elimination of disproportions between them. However, they are not effective enough. Therefore, it is proposed to use further instruments in order to enforce changes in the legal and institutional environment in the regions. This idea is extended in the proposal for a regulation of the European Parliament and of the Council on a mechanism to resolve legal and administrative obstacles in a cross‑border context, which enables a direct application of law of one member state in a cross‑border region of the neighbouring country. The functioning of such mechanism will be a test of the durability of European integration and at the same time will verify if the Polish legal and political system belongs to modern Europe.

Liberty

The principle of liberty connects member states directly with ordinary people. It lifts borders for the benefit of European citizens and others. Before the European Union was created, European states assumed that persons were either national citizens or complete strangers. A state was free to discriminate against all non-citizens. ‘European liberty’ eliminates those disabilities by removing all barriers as well as any discrimination for those who move from one member state to another. This has a uniquely liberating effect, since it enables persons to move, reside, study and work throughout the territory of the European Union without administrative obstacles or fear of a change in circumstances. The principle of liberty for all citizens of the member states is one of the most significant novelties of the European Union.

The obstacles of educational supervision facing educational supervisors in the directorates of education in the south of the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan from their point of view: معيقات الاشراف التربوي التي تواجه المشرفين التربويين في مديريات التربية والتعليم في جنوب المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية من وجهة نظرهم

The aim of this study was to uncover the administrative and technical supervisory constraints of the educational supervisors in the directorates of education in southern Jordan from their point of view. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive method. The questionnaire was distributed to a sample of (75) supervisors, representing (%77) of the study population, and using the statistical program (spss). A total average of (4.16), and at the level of the two axes; the axis of administrative obstacles got an average of( 4.24) followed by the axis of physical obstacles, with an average (4.09) and all (high), and the results showed that there are no statistically significant differences between Educational supervisors looked at physical and administrative constraints, and in the light of the results were presented The religion of recommendations and proposals to overcome the obstacles facing the supervisors' directorates of education in the south, and all directorates of the Kingdom.

The Physical and administrative obstacles to the use of teachers in basic and secondary education in Karak governorate for e-learning: المعوقات المادية والإدارية لاستخدام المعلمات بمرحلة التعليم الأساسية والثانوية في محافظة الكرك للتعلم الإلكتروني من وجهة نظرهن

The study aimed at uncovering the physical and administrative obstacles faced by female teachers in their use of e-learning in the basic and secondary education stages in the governorate of Karak. In order to achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive method. The study tool consisted of a questionnaire that was distributed to a sample of 150 teachers representing 25% of the study population. Using the statistical program (spss) (3.96). At the level of the two axes, the axis of administrative obstacles obtained an average of 4.12 and the physical obstacles at an average of 3.79 and all of them were high. The results showed that there were no statistically significant differences between the basic school , And secondary school in physical constraints, while there are differences of statistical significance Primary schools, secondary schools in administrative and macro-level constraints, and for basic schools. In the light of the results, a number of recommendations and proposals were presented to overcome the obstacles facing the use of e-learning in Karak and all the Kingdom.