Skeletal Muscle Index as a Prognostic Marker for Kidney Transplantation in Older Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-Guillaume Deliège ◽  
Antoine Braconnier ◽  
Floriane Chaix ◽  
Yohann Renard ◽  
Andreaa Petrache ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Prognostic Marker ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index

scholarly journals The Correlation of Serum Myostatin Levels with Gait Speed in Kidney Transplantation Recipients

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 465
Author(s):  
Po-Yu Huang ◽  
Jen-Pi Tsai ◽  
Yen-Cheng Chen ◽  
Ming-Che Lee ◽  
Bang-Gee Hsu
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Mycophenolate Mofetil ◽  
Kidney Transplantation ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Primary Role ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Speed Group

The primary role of myostatin is to negatively regulate skeletal muscle growth. The gait speed is a noninvasive, reliable parameter that predicts cardiovascular risk and mortality. This study evaluated the relationship between serum myostatin concentrations and gait speeds in patients who had undergone kidney transplantation (KT). A total of 84 KT recipients were evaluated. A speed of less than 1.0 m/s was categorized into the low gait speed group. We measured serum myostatin concentrations with a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. KT recipients in the low gait speed group had significantly older age, as well as higher body weight, body mass index (BMI), skeletal muscle index, serum triglyceride levels, glucose levels, and blood urea nitrogen levels, lower estimated glomerular filtration rates and serum myostatin levels, a higher percentage of steroid use, and a lower proportion of mycophenolate mofetil use. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that lower myostatin levels and lower frequency of mycophenolate mofetil use were independently associated with low gait speed. In multivariable stepwise linear regression analysis, myostatin levels were positively correlated with gait speeds, and age and BMI were negatively correlated with gait speeds. In the study, serum myostatin levels were significantly lower in the low gait speed group. Subjects in the low gait speed group also had greater BMI and older age.

scholarly journals Role of the Appendicular Skeletal Muscle Index for Predicting the Recurrence-Free Survival of Head and Neck Cancer

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 309
Author(s):  
Kun-Yun Yeh ◽  
Hang Huong Ling ◽  
Shu-Hang Ng ◽  
Cheng-Hsu Wang ◽  
Pei-Hung Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Head And Neck Cancer ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Recurrence Free Survival ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Prognostic Predictor ◽  
Appendicular Skeletal Muscle

Background: This study investigates whether the appendicular skeletal muscle index (ASMI) was an independent prognostic predictor for patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer (LAHNC) receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) and whether there were any differences in lean mass loss in different body regions during CCRT. Methods: In this prospective study, we analyzed the clinicopathological variables and the total body composition data before and after treatment. The factors associated with the 2-year recurrence-free survival rate (RFSR) were analyzed via logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 98 patients were eligible for analysis. The body weight, body mass index, and all parameters of body composition significantly decreased after CCRT. The pretreatment ASMI was the only independent prognostic factor for predicting the 2-year RFSR (hazard ratio, 0.235; 95% confidence interval, 0.062–0.885; p = 0.030). There was at least 5% reduction in total lean and fat mass (p < 0.001); however, the highest lean mass loss was observed in the arms (9.5%), followed by the legs (7.2%), hips (7.1%), waist (4.7%), and trunk (3.6%). Conclusions: The pretreatment ASMI was the only independent prognostic predictor for the 2-year RFSR of LAHNC patients undergoing CCRT. Asynchronous loss of lean mass may be observed in different body parts after CCRT.

scholarly journals Microbiota analysis and transient elastography reveal new extra-hepatic components of liver steatosis and fibrosis in obese patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Lanthier ◽  
Julie Rodriguez ◽  
Maxime Nachit ◽  
Sophie Hiel ◽  
Pierre Trefois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Transient Elastography ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Liver Steatosis ◽  
Liver Stiffness ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Linear Discriminant

AbstractObesity could lead to metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), which severity could be linked to muscle and gut microbiota disturbances. Our prospective study enrolled 52 obese patients whose MAFLD severity was estimated by transient elastography. Patients with severe steatosis (n = 36) had higher ALAT values, fasting blood glucose levels as well as higher visceral adipose tissue area and skeletal muscle index evaluated by computed tomography. Patients with fibrosis (n = 13) had higher ASAT values, increased whole muscle area and lower skeletal muscle density index. In a multivariate logistic regression analysis, myosteatosis was the strongest factor associated with fibrosis. Illumina sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicon was performed on fecal samples. The relative abundance of fecal Clostridium sensu stricto was significantly decreased with the presence of liver fibrosis and was negatively associated with liver stiffness measurement and myosteatosis. In addition, 19 amplicon sequence variants were regulated according to the severity of the disease. Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) also highlighted discriminant microbes in patients with fibrosis, such as an enrichment of Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia/Shigella compared to patients with severe steatosis without fibrosis. All those data suggest a gut-liver-muscle axis in the pathogenesis of MAFLD complications.

scholarly journals The Influence of Body Composition on the Systemic Exposure of Paclitaxel in Esophageal Cancer Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Leni van Doorn ◽  
Marie-Rose B. S. Crombag ◽  
Hánah N. Rier ◽  
Jeroen L. A. van Vugt ◽  
Charlotte van Kesteren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Mixed Effects Modeling ◽  
Significance Threshold ◽  
A Prospective Study

Changes in body composition are associated with chemotherapy-related toxicities and effectiveness of treatment. It is hypothesized that the pharmacokinetics (PK) of chemotherapeutics may depend on body composition. The effects of body composition on the variability of paclitaxel PK were studied in patients with esophageal cancer. Skeletal muscle index (SMI), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and skeletal muscle density (SMD) were measured at the third lumbar vertebra on computed tomography (CT) scans performed before treatment. Paclitaxel PK data were collected from a prospective study performed between May 2004 and January 2014. Non-linear mixed-effects modeling was used to fit paclitaxel PK profiles and evaluate the covariates body surface area (BSA), SMI, VAT, and SMD using a significance threshold of p < 0.001. Paclitaxel was administered to 184 patients in a dose range of 50 to 175 mg/m2. Median BSA was 1.98 m2 (range of 1.4 to 2.8 m2). SMI, VAT, and SMD were not superior to BSA in predicting paclitaxel PK. The additive value of SMI, VAT, and SMD to BSA was also negligible. We did not find evidence that paclitaxel dosing could be further optimized by correcting for SMI, VAT, or SMD.

Change in skeletal muscle index and its prognostic significance in conversion therapy for initially unresectable colorectal cancer.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 56-56
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Nozawa ◽  
Shigenobu Emoto ◽  
Koji Murono ◽  
Yasutaka Shuno ◽  
Soichiro Ishihara
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Stage Iv ◽  
The Body ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Conversion Therapy ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index

56 Background: Systemic chemotherapy can cause loss of skeletal muscle mass in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients in the neoadjuvant and palliative settings. However, it is largely unknown how the body composition is changed by chemotherapy rendering unresectable CRC to resectable disease or how it affects the prognosis. This study aimed at elucidating the effects of systemic chemotherapy on skeletal muscles and survival in stage IV CRC patients who underwent conversion therapy. Methods: We reviewed 98 stage IV CRC patients who received systemic chemotherapy in our hospital. According to the treatment setting, patients were divided into the ‘Conversion’, ‘Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC)’, and ‘Palliation’ groups. The cross-sectional area of skeletal muscles at the third lumbar level and changes in the skeletal muscle index (SMI), defined as the area divided by height squared, during chemotherapy were compared among patient groups. The effects of these parameters on prognosis were analyzed in the Conversion group. Results: The mean SMI increased by 8.0% during chemotherapy in the Conversion group (n = 38), whereas it decreased by 6.2% in the NAC group (n = 18) and 3.7% in the Palliation group (n = 42, p < 0.0001). Moreover, patients with increased SMI during chemotherapy had a better overall survival (OS) than those whose SMI decreased in the Conversion group (p = 0.021). The increase in SMI was an independent predictor of favorable OS on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio: 0.26). Conclusions: Stage IV CRC patients who underwent conversion to resection often had an increased SMI. As such an increase in SMI further conveys a survival benefit in conversion therapy, it may be important to make efforts to preserve muscle mass by meticulous approaches, such as nutritional support, muscle exercise programs, and pharmacological intervention even during chemotherapy in patients with metastatic CRC.

scholarly journals Skeletal muscle index and its association with mobility among community‐dwelling older women

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
ZBIGNIEW M. OSSOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Older People ◽  
Older Women ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Mass ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Functional Mobility ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Index ◽  
Chair Stand

Background: The loss of muscle function and reduced mobility levels are the main reasons for the limitations of independence and disability in older people. The main aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the skeletal muscle index and mobility in older women. Material and methods: ‪The study involved 166 older women. Skeletal muscle mass and other body components were determined by bioimpedance using an InBody 720 device. Functional mobility was evaluated with the timed up-and-go test. 30-second chair stand was also used to measure the level of functional strength in lower extremities. Results: ‪The skeletal muscle index was positively correlated with functional mobility (r=-0.22; p=0.00) and 30-second chair stand (r=-0.47; p=0.00). However, the strength of lower extremities was a significantly better parameter in predicting mobility in older women than the skeletal muscle index and skeletal muscle mass. Conclusions: The functional strength of lower extremity muscles and the skeletal muscle index can have a positive effect on functional mobility in older people. The results may be helpful in clinical practice when diagnosing mobility limitations and in the process of programming physical activity of older women aimed at the prevention of sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and manifestations in older patients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenchen Wei ◽  
Ya Liu ◽  
Yapeng Liu ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Dezhen Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Muscle Injury ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Cardiac Injury ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Old Patients

Abstract Background To investigate the clinical characteristics and manifestations of older patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods In this retrospective study, 566 patients with confirmed COVID-19 were enrolled and the clinical characteristics, laboratory findings, complications and outcome data were collected and analyzed. Results Among the 566 patients (median age, 61.5 years) with COVID-19, 267 (47.2%) patients were male and 307 (54.2%) were elderly. Compared with younger patients, older patients had more underlying comorbidities and laboratory abnormalities. A higher rate of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute cardiac injury and heart failure was observed in the older group as compared with younger and middle-aged groups, particularly those oldest-old patients (> 75y) had more multi-organ damage. Older patients with COVID-19 were more likely to suffer from acute cardiac injury in cases with preexistenting cardiovascular diseases, while there was no difference among the three groups when patients had no history of cardiovascular diseases. Older patients present more severe and the mortality was 18.6%, which was higher than that in younger and middle-aged patients (P < 0.05). Multivariable analysis showed that age, lymphopenia, ARDS, acute cardiac injury, heart failure and skeletal muscle injury were associated with the death in older patients, while glucocorticoids should be carefully administered since it may increase the mortality in older patients. Conclusions Older patients, especially the oldest-old patients were more likely to exhibit significant systemic inflammation, pulmonary and extrapulmonary organ damage and a higher mortality. Advanced age, lymphopenia, ARDS, acute cardiac injury, heart failure and skeletal muscle injury were independent predictors of death in older patients and glucocorticoids may be harmful for older patients with COVID-19.

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