Spinal dysraphism: A review of clinical manifestations and surgical treatment options

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Sweet ◽  
Christopher G. Kalhorn
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Spinal Dysraphism ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations

scholarly journals Spinal lipomas: clinical spectrum, embryology, and treatment

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael A. Finn ◽  
Marion L. Walker
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
Spinal Dysraphism ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Clinical Spectrum ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Occult Spinal Dysraphism ◽  
Pathological Mechanism

✓Spinal lipomas, particularly lipomas of the conus medullaris and terminal filum, are the most common form of occult spinal dysraphism and represent a wide spectrum of disease with regard to anatomy, clinical presentation, and treatment options. These lesions, however, are united by a similar embryology and pathological mechanism by which symptoms arise. Recently, the treatment of these lesions has generated much controversy, with some physicians advocating surgical treatment for all patients regardless of symptoms and others proposing that surgery be withheld until symptoms develop. The authors discuss lumbosacral spinal lipomas, with particular attention to the theories of their origin, anatomical and pathological features, and treatment options, including a review of current controversies.

scholarly journals Alveolar Echinococcosis in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Emilija Jonaitytė ◽  
Martynas Judickas ◽  
Eglė Tamulevičienė ◽  
Milda Šeškutė
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Current Literature ◽  
Echinococcus Multilocularis ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Alveolar Echinococcosis ◽  
Pediatric Patients ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Diagnostic Methods

Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is an infectious zoonotic disease that is caused by Echinococcus multilocularis. The disease is generally identified accidentally because of the long asymptomatic period, has a malignant behaviour, and mainly occurs in the liver. Usually it is diagnosed in adults and is very rare in pediatric patients. We report two cases of AE and 1 differential case between AE and cystic echinococcosis (CE) in children: two of them had lesions in the liver and one had rare extrahepatic presentation of a cyst in the spleen. All our patients received chemotherapy with albendazole because surgical treatment was not recommended. The children were followed-up from 10 to 30 months and no significant improvement was seen. In this report we discuss the difficulties we faced in the treatment and follow-up of these patients. We also review the main clinical manifestations, general diagnostic methods, and treatment options of AE according to the current literature.

scholarly journals Pre-operative planning in surgical treatment of patients with lumbar spinal stenosis of degenerative etiology

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
A. A. Afaunov ◽  
I. V. Basankin ◽  
A. V. Kuzmenko ◽  
V. K. Shapovalov ◽  
M. L. Mukhanov
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Lumbar Spinal Stenosis ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Statistical Treatment ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Lumbar Stenosis ◽  
Operative Planning ◽  
Lumbar Spinal

Aim. Develop a pre-operative planning algorithm to treat patients with lumbar spinal stenosis of degenerative etiology.Material and methods. The results of surgical treatment of 522 patients at the age of 23-78 years with degenerative lumbar stenosis were analyzed. Patients with osteoporosis, with a sagittal spinal profile disorder or deviations in the frontal plane of more than 20 degrees, with spondylolistesis of more than 1 Meyerding degree, with accompanying pathology aggravating the Charlson Commorbidity Index of more than 8 points, were not included in this group. All patients underwent decompressive-stabilizing operations using TPF for 1 to 8 vertebral-motor segments (PDS). Decompression and interbody stabilization were performed by the method PLIF, TLIF, or by the method of reconstruction of the lumbar vertebral-motor segment (patent #2527150), or the ventral fusion was performed.Results. Immediate and distant results over a period of 24-36 months were studied by regression in major clinical manifestations. The VAS, McCulloch and Young scales, the Oswestry questionnaire, and the modified Macnab scale were applied. The quality of decompression, correction in operated PDS and intertose splicing were evaluated. The effect of the initial state of patients on the obtained results and the number of complications were studied as well. For this purpose, the correlation analysis was carried out between clinical parameters characterizing initial condition of patients (length of lumbar spinal stenosis, degree of functional maladaptation, duration of anamnesis and severity of premorbid background) and achieved results of treatment, as well as number of complications. A correlation analysis was also performed between the technique of performed operations and surgical tactics on the one hand and the achieved results and the number of complications on the other.Discussion. Differences in results and number of complications depending on the applied technical and tactical treatment options and statistical treatment with determination of the correlation coefficient of Spirman and Fisher's criterion determined clinical and spondylometric signs in the pre-operative state of patients, that influenced the probability of complications when using the specified technical and tactical treatment options. It has been found that the state of the premorbid background reliably affects the probability of the most dangerous intraoperative and early complications. The length of decompressive stabilizing operations affects the probability of evidence for audits in the distant period. When performing TLIF, the spondylolistesis presence increases the likelihood of intraoperative liquvorea. The method of lumbar vertebral-motor segment reconstruction in lumbar lordosis deficiency improves the possibility of correction in operated PDS in comparison with TLIF technique.Conclusion. Taking into account the revealed statistically confirmed effect of a number of clinical and spondylometric signs of the pre-operative condition in patients on the probability of complications using various technical and tactical versions of treatment, an algorithm of pre-operative planning of surgical intervention in patients with lumbar stenosis of degenerative etiology is presented.

scholarly journals GENERAL ASPECTS OF COLON CANCER SURGERIES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiberio Dias Pacheco Annicchino Baptistella
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Systemic Chemotherapy ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
The Third ◽  
General Aspects ◽  
Tumor Types

Colorectal cancer (CCR) is the third most common tumor in men and the second most common tumor in women, accounting for 10% of all tumor types worldwide. With an estimated 608,000 deaths each year, CCR is the fourth most common cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The clinical manifestations of colon cancer depend largely on the location of the tumor. There are some treatment options such as systemic chemotherapy and intraperitoneal chemotherapy, but they are not as effective. Surgical treatment can occur in different ways, three possible forms of surgery are presented here, as well as their associated risks. New options emerge as alternatives to improve the prognosis of the disease.

Cesarean scar defects: diagnosis and treatment in non-pregnant women

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-10
Author(s):  
Sergey A. Martynov
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Pregnancy And Childbirth

The aim of the review was to summarize information on clinical manifestations, diagnostic features, as well as methods for correction of scar defects after cesarean section (CS) outside pregnancy. Lack of the scar after CS, niche, isthmocele are a myometrium defect in the area of scar after CS, which is most often detected by ultrasound, sonohysterography or magnetic resonance imaging and is manifested by postmenstrual bleeding from the genital tract. In some cases, it can cause menorrhagia, dyspareunia, pelvic pain, infertility, uterine rupture during subsequent pregnancy and childbirth. Conservative therapy or surgical treatment with laparoscopy, laparotomy or vaginal approach is carried out depending on the symptoms, size of the defect, the thickness of the residual myometrium, as well as the womans reproductive plans.

Using Naïve Bayes Algorithm to Estimate the Response to Drug in Lung Cancer Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 734-748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baoling Guo ◽  
Qiuxiang Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Drug Response ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Cancer Resistance ◽  
Lung Cancer Patients ◽  
Bayes Algorithm

Aim and Objective: Lung cancer is a highly heterogeneous cancer, due to the significant differences in molecular levels, resulting in different clinical manifestations of lung cancer patients there is a big difference. Including disease characterization, drug response, the risk of recurrence, survival, etc. Method: Clinical patients with lung cancer do not have yet particularly effective treatment options, while patients with lung cancer resistance not only delayed the treatment cycle but also caused strong side effects. Therefore, if we can sum up the abnormalities of functional level from the molecular level, we can scientifically and effectively evaluate the patients' sensitivity to treatment and make the personalized treatment strategies to avoid the side effects caused by over-treatment and improve the prognosis. Result & Conclusion: According to the different sensitivities of lung cancer patients to drug response, this study screened out genes that were significantly associated with drug resistance. The bayes model was used to assess patient resistance.

“Proximalization is Advancement”—Zone 3 Frozen Elephant Trunk vs Zone 2 Frozen Elephant Trunk: A Literature Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 153857442110024
Author(s):  
Rozina Yasmin Choudhury ◽  
Kamran Basharat ◽  
Syeda Anum Zahra ◽  
Tien Tran ◽  
Lara Rimmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Frozen Elephant Trunk ◽  
Elephant Trunk ◽  
Descending Aorta ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Aortic Pathologies

Over the decades, the Frozen Elephant Trunk (FET) technique has gained immense popularity allowing simplified treatment of complex aortic pathologies. FET is frequently used to treat aortic conditions involving the distal aortic arch and the proximal descending aorta in a single stage. Surgical preference has recently changed from FET procedures being performed at Zone 3 to Zone 2. There are several advantages of Zone 2 FET over Zone 3 FET including reduction in spinal cord injury, visceral ischemia, neurological and cardiovascular sequelae. In addition, Zone 2 FET is a technically less complicated procedure. Literature on the comparison between Zone 3 and Zone 2 FET is scarce and primarily observational and anecdotal. Therefore, further research is warranted in this paradigm to substantiate current surgical treatment options for complex aortic pathologies. In this review, we explore literature surrounding FET and the reasons for the shift in surgical preference from Zone 3 to Zone 2.

scholarly journals The Investigation and Management of Adenomyosis in Women Who Wish to Improve or Preserve Fertility

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Jiao Li ◽  
Jacqueline P. W. Chung ◽  
Sha Wang ◽  
Tin-Chiu Li ◽  
Hua Duan
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Fertility Sparing

The management of adenomyosis remains a great challenge to practicing gynaecologists. Until recently, hysterectomy has been the only definitive treatment in women who have completed child bearing. A number of nonsurgical and minimally invasive, fertility-sparing surgical treatment options have recently been developed. This review focuses on three aspects of management, namely, (1) newly introduced nonsurgical treatments; (2) management strategies of reproductive failures associated with adenomyosis; and (3) surgical approaches to the management of cystic adenomyoma.

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