ABSTRAK<br />Tujuan pemuliaan kencur diarahkan untuk meningkatkan produksi<br />rimpang dan kandungan mutu utama yang sesuai dengan standar yang<br />ditetapkan oleh Materia Medika Indonesia, dalam upaya meningkatkan<br />pendapatan usahatani. Hasil seleksi berdasarkan produksi dan mutu<br />rimpang terhadap aksesi plasma nutfah yang terkumpul, terpilih 5 nomor<br />dengan rata-rata produksi rimpang > 40 g/rumpun dan kadar minyak atsiri<br />> 1,5%, yaitu V1, V2, V3, V4 dan V5. Kelima nomor diuji multilokasi di 5<br />lokasi pada 2 musim tanam (tahun 2002/2003 dan 2003/2004). Kelima<br />lokasi tersebut adalah: Cileungsi (80 m dpl.) dan Cijeruk (650 m dpl.)<br />(Bogor), Subang (80 m dpl), Sumedang (550 m dpl) dan Sukamulya (350<br />m dpl.) (Sukabumi). Pengujian menggunakan rancangan acak kelompok<br />dengan 6 ulangan, jarak tanam 20 x 20 cm, ukuran petak 4 x 1 m 2 ,<br />populasi tanaman per petak 100. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh nomor<br />yang menghasilkan rata-rata bobot rimpang tertinggi yaitu V4 (53,58<br />g/rumpun atau setara dengan 10,7 ton/ha), rata-rata kadar minyak atsiri<br />tertinggi (6,64%) dan beradaptasi secara spesifik pada lingkungan tumbuh<br />yang sama dengan lokasi penanaman di Cijeruk, Sumedang dan Suka-<br />mulya. Sedangkan V2 dengan nilai diameter rimpang terbesar (2,089 cm),<br />stabil di 4 lokasi pengujian, responsif terhadap pemupukan, serta V3<br />dengan rata-rata produksi rimpang 51,98 g/rumpun atau setara dengan 10,4<br />ton/ha, beradaptasi secara spesifik pada lingkungan tumbuh yang sama<br />dengan lokasi penanaman kencur di Cileungsi, Cijeruk dan lokasi asalnya<br />di Sumedang.<br />Kata kunci : Kencur, Kaempferia galanga L., varietas unggul, stabilitas<br />hasil, spesifik lokasi, Jawa Barat<br />ABSTRACT<br />Stability of five promissing Galanga lines production<br />Breeding of Galanga was focused on the improvement of rhizome<br />yield and quality based on the Indonesian Materia Medica Standard, to<br />increase farmers’ income. Based on the selection on rhizome yield and<br />quality, 5 accession numbers were selected as promising lines for their<br />high rhizome yield (>40 g/tiller) and essential oil contents (> 1.5%), e.g.<br />V1, V2, V3, V4 and V5. All numbers were subjected to multilocation tests<br />at 5 locations, e.g. Cileungsi (80 m asl) and Cijeruk (650 m asl) (Bogor),<br />Subang (80 m asl), Sumedang (550 m asl) and Sukamulya (350 m asl)<br />(Sukabumi), for 2 planting-seasons (2002/2003 and 2003/2004). Experi-<br />ments were arranged in a randomized-block design, with 6 replications,<br />plant spacing 20 cm x 20 cm, plot size of 4 x 1 m2, and population 100<br />plants/plot. The research results showed that the highest average of<br />rhizome yield was performed by V4 (53.58 g/tiller, equal to 10.7 t/ha),<br />with essential oil content 6.64% and specifically adaptable to the same<br />agro-climate as the environment conditions at Cijeruk (Bogor), Sumedang<br />and Sukamulya (Sukabumi). Meanwhile, V2 with the highest diameter of<br />rhizome (2,089 cm), stable at 4 out of 5 locations and responsive to<br />fertilizer application. On the other hand, V3 with the average of rhizome<br />yield 51.98 g/tiller, equal to 10.4 t/ha, specifically adaptable to the agro-<br />climate similar to the environment conditions at Cileungsi, Cijeruk<br />(Bogor) and its native, Sumedang.<br />Key words: Kaempferia galanga L., superior variety, yield stability,<br />specific location, West Java
Essential oil yield and yield components of basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) as affected by genotype and intrarow spacing at Jimma, SW Ethiopia
