scholarly journals Maxillofacial Trauma in Central Karnataka, India: An Outcome of 95 Cases in a Regional Trauma Care Centre

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 197-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajay A. D. Kamath ◽  
Shiva Bharani ◽  
Reshma Hammannavar ◽  
Sumit P. Ingle ◽  
Ankit G. Shah
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Early Return ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Jaw Fractures ◽  
Age Range

Materials and Methods A 6-year retrospective analysis of 111 patients treated for maxillofacial fractures in Davangere, Karnataka from January 2004 to December 2009 was performed. Variables like age, gender, occupation, type of fracture and mechanism of injury, concomitant injury, mode of treatment, and complications were recorded and assessed. Results Men between 21 and 30 years were mostly affected (male-to-female ratio = 10:1; age range = 17.60 years; mean 31.7±9.8 [standard deviation]). Most fractures were caused by road traffic accidents (RTAs; 74.7%), followed by interpersonal violence (IPV; 15.8%), falls (4.2%), industrial hazards and animal attacks (2.1% each), and self-inflicted injury (1.1%). Forty-two cases were isolated zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures. The total number of facial fractures documented was 316, of which 222 were purely related to the ZMC; however, 11 were confined only to the midface. Fifty-three cases had concomitant lower jaw fractures, totaling 83. Ophthalmic injuries occurred in 30.52% of cases. Ninety-two cases were treated with open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), and three cases were managed conservatively. The complication rate observed was 25.26%. Conclusion RTA continues to be the chief etiological factor in maxillofacial injury with males being affected predominantly. IPV and falls next contribute significantly to the incidence of such injuries. Concomitant injuries, however, require prompt recognition and appropriate management. ORIF still remains the mainstay of treatment; however, fixation devices are constantly being improved upon in an attempt to reduce immobilization time thereby facilitating early return to function with minimal morbidity. Nevertheless, future advances in maxillofacial trauma diagnosis and management are likely to reduce associated morbidity.

scholarly journals A study of pattern of maxillofacial fractures and its complications

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 1752
Author(s):  
Seema Mittal ◽  
Tejinder Sing Dall ◽  
Sudershan Kapoor ◽  
Raman Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Anatomical Site ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Strict Compliance ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Age Range

Background: Incidence of maxillofacial fractures is quite high worldwide. A very important aesthetic function is served by maxillofacial skeleton moreover the prominent position of maxillofacial skeleton makes it more susceptible to fracture.Methods: A prospective study was done to assess the main etiology and pattern of maxillofacial fractures of 60 patients who came to the emergency department of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical sciences and Research between January 2018 and June 2019.Results: Total number of patients taken for this study were 60. The number of male patients were 56 (93.33%) and number of female patients were 4 (6.66%) and male to female ratio was (14:1). The age range spanned from 11 years to 70 years with (mean age=37.30 years, SD=14.27). Primary etiologic factor for maxillofacial fractures was road traffic accidents (49, 81.66%), followed by fall (8, 13.33%), and assault accounted for (3, 5%). Total 229 fractures were present in 60 patients. Concerning the anatomical site of fractures, it was explored that most common site of fractures is orbit (59, 25.72%) followed by fractures of maxilla (55, 24%) and zygomatic complex (35, 15.28%). Infection was most common complication and was present in 2 (3.33%) of the patients during hospital stay. 21 (35%) of the patients had associated head injury and maximum patients 49 (81.66%) were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.Conclusions: It is concluded, that main etiology of maxillofacial trauma is road side accidents. Therefore, strict compliance of traffic rules can avoid such injuries. 

scholarly journals Epidemiology of Maxillofacial Injuries in “Heratsi” No 1 University Hospital in Yerevan, Armenia: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lusine V. Aleksanyan ◽  
Anna Yu Poghosyan ◽  
Martin S. Misakyan ◽  
Armen M. Minasyan ◽  
Aren Yu Bablumyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Fracture Site ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injury Site ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures

Abstract Background: The aim of this study was to perform a retrospective analysis of the prevalence, etiologies, and types of maxillofacial injuries (MFI) and sites of maxillofacial fractures (MFF) and their management in Yerevan, Armenia.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted. Data including age, sex, date of referral, mode of injury, etiology, radiology records and treatment methods were extracted. Study outcomes were measured using percentages, means, standard deviations and tests of proportions. P <.05 was considered significant.Results: A total of 204 patients had a mean age of 36.26 ±1.08 years (156 males and 48 females), and a total of 259 MFIs were recorded between 2017 and 2020. Interpersonal violence (IV) was found to be the most common etiology of MFFs in this study (42.1%), followed by road traffic accidents (RTAs) (27.9%) and falls (18.6%). The nasal bone was the most common injury site (47.5%), followed by the mandible (31.4%) and zygomatic complex (11.7%). The most common fracture site was the mandibular angle (37.9%), followed by the symphysis/parasymphysis (28.1%) and body (12.6%). The majority of MFFs were treated by open reduction and internal fixation.Conclusion: Interpersonal violence, followed by RTAs and falls, was the most common cause of MFIs. The nasal bone was the most common injury site, followed by the mandible and zygomatic complex. Social education with the objective of reducing aggression and interpersonal conflict should be improved, and appropriate RTA prevention strategies should be strengthened and implemented.

scholarly journals Maxillofacial Fractures in the Province of Pescara, Italy: A Retrospective Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Ascani ◽  
Francesca Di Cosimo ◽  
Michele Costa ◽  
Paolo Mancini ◽  
Claudio Caporale
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Close Correlation ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Monthly Distribution ◽  
Future Plans

The aim of the present study was to assess the etiology and pattern of maxillofacial fractures in the Province of Pescara, Abruzzo, Central Italy. Was performed a retrospective review of patients treated at the Department of Maxillofacial Surgery of Spirito Santo Hospital from January 2010 to December 2012. Data collected and analyzed included sex, age, cause of injury, site of fracture, monthly distribution, and alcohol misuse. A total of 306 patients sustaining 401 maxillofacial fractures were treated. There were 173 males (56.5%) and 133 females (43.5%). Most of the patients (36.9%) were in the age group of 18–44 years. The most common causes of injuries were road traffic accidents (26.4%); the second leading cause was interpersonal violence (23.2%), followed by injuries associated with falls (19.2%). Fractures of the mandible (31%) and zygoma (23%) were the most common maxillofacial fractures in our study. The monthly distribution peaked in the summer (July and August, 30.4%) and in October (13.1%). In conclusion, this study confirms the close correlation between the incidence and etiology of facial fractures and the geographical, cultural, and socioeconomic features of a population. The data obtained provide important information for the design of future plans for injury prevention and for education of citizens.

scholarly journals (A73) Burden of Maxillofacial Trauma at Level Trauma 1 Centre

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s20-s21 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sagar ◽  
M. Singhal ◽  
K. Kataria ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
A. Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Nasal Bone ◽  
Medical Problem ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Common Location ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures

BackgroundThere is an upward trend in facial injuries following changes in population pattern, increasing industrialization and urbanization, hence maxillofacial trauma is becoming a burden and a leading medical problem in emergency rooms worldwide.MethodA retrospective study of patients with maxillofacial fractures seen and treated at the Jai Parkash Narayan Apex Trauma Center, AIIMS, New Delhi, India between January 2007 to June 2010. Data extracted from the patients' records include aetiology, age, sex, types and sites of fractures, treatment modality and concomitant injuries.ResultsThere were 795 fractures of the maxillofacial skeleton and 86 concomitant injuries from 542 patients. Road traffic accident (56.8%) was the most common aetiologic factor, followed by falls (22.3%) and fights (18.5%). The age range was from 3 years to 75 years (mean = 34.7) with a peak incidence in the 3rd decade with a male–female sex ratio of 3.7:1. The most common location of maxillofacial fractures was the mandible 615(77%) and middle third 205(23%). With regards to mandibular fractures, the body (29.6%) was the commonest sites, followed by the angle (24.4%), ramus (19.5%), dentoalveolar (14.6%), symphysis (11.0%), condyle (0.8%) while in the middle third, the nasal bone (36.7%) was the most common, followed by zygomatic bone (27.8), Lefort II (14.4), Lefort I (7.8%), dentoalveolar (10.0%) and Lefort III (3.3%). Majority of the patients were treated by Open reduction and internal fixation (70.6). Concomitant injuries were 10.8% with orthopaedic injuries accounting for the majority (63.9%). Head injury was associated with 16.3 % of cases.ConclusionMaxillofacial fractures are on the increase. We advocate the establishment of regionalized trauma centers with basic training available to all surgical residents for initial emergency room management.

scholarly journals Maxillofacial Fractures Surgically Managed at Aalesund Hospital between 2002 and 2009

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Espen Helgeland ◽  
IdaMarie Dahle ◽  
JanInge Leira ◽  
LadoLako Loro
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Complex Fractures ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Female Cohort

This study analyses the demographics, etiology, and complications in patients operated for maxillofacial fractures by oral and maxillofacial surgeons at the Aalesund Hospital between 2002 and 2009. A total of 188 fractures in 139 patients were studied. The male-to-female ratio was 3.6:1 and the mean age was 35.7 ± 17.2 years. Males were significantly younger than females ( p < 0.05). Mandibular (52.7%) and zygomatic complex fractures (33.5%) were the most frequent. Most patients (41.7%) sustained their injuries as a result of interpersonal violence (IPV) followed by falls (25.9%) and traffic accidents (15.8%). Significantly more males were victims of IPV ( p < 0.05). Almost half of the female cohort sustained their injuries from falling. More than half of those who sustained their injuries between midnight and morning were intoxicated. The majority of cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (56.8%). Posttraumatic and postoperative complications were seen in 25% of the patients, with infection (8.6%) occurring most frequently. Mandibular and zygomatic complex fractures were the most frequent in our study. IPV in association with alcohol and drugs was a major cause of maxillofacial fractures, especially among young adult males. Falls were the predominant cause of fractures among females.

scholarly journals Burden of Maxillofacial Trauma at Level 1 Trauma Center

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruchi Pathak Kaul ◽  
Sushma Sagar ◽  
Maneesh Singhal ◽  
Abhishek Kumar ◽  
Jiten Jaipuria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trauma Center ◽  
The Body ◽  
Maxillofacial Trauma ◽  
Etiologic Factor ◽  
Mandibular Fractures ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures

There is an upward trend in facial injuries following changes in population pattern, increasing industrialization and urbanization, hence maxillofacial trauma is becoming a burden and a leading medical problem in emergency rooms worldwide. This study was performed to evaluate the pattern of maxillofacial fractures, associated injuries, and treatment used at Jai Prakash Narayan Apex Trauma Center (JPNATC), All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, between January 2007 and June 2010. The study provides basis for establishment of trauma as major etiology of maxillofacial injuries and planning for preventive strategies. A retrospective study of patients seen and treated at JPNATC, AIIMS, New Delhi, between January 2007 and June 2010 was performed. Data extracted from patient records included etiology, age, sex, types and sites of fractures, treatment modality, and concomitant injuries. There were 795 fractures of the maxillofacial skeleton and 86 concomitant injuries from 542 patients. Road traffic accident (RTA) (56.8%) was the most common etiologic factor, followed by falls (22.3%) and fights (18.5%). The age range was from 3 to 75 years (mean, 34.7 years) with a peak incidence in the third decade with a male-to-female ratio of 3.7:1. The most common location of maxillofacial fractures was the mandible 615 (77%) and middle third 180 (23%). With regard to mandibular fractures, the body (29.6%) was the most common site, followed by the angle (24.4%), ramus (19.5%), dentoalveolar (14.6%), symphysis (11.0%), condyle (0.8%) while in the middle third, the nasal bone (36.7%) was the most common, followed by zygomatic bone (27.8), Lefort II (14.4), Lefort I (7.8%), dentoalveolar (10.0%), and Lefort III (3.3%). Majority of the patients were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (70.6). Concomitant injuries were 84 (10.8%) with orthopedic injuries accounting for the majority (63.9%). Head injury was associated in 16.3% of cases. RTA was the major etiologic factor of maxillofacial injuries in our setting and the young adult males were the main victims. Henceforth, establishment of regionalized, efficient, and focused trauma centers in various parts of the country particularly for acute trauma should be emphasized. Also, the laws regarding the precautions such as seat belts, speed limits, and traffic rules must be observed strictly to reduce the incidence of RTA.

scholarly journals The priorities and emergency treatments of multisystem injuries associated with maxillofacial traumas

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed O. Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
War Injuries ◽  
Surgical Emergencies ◽  
Medical City ◽  
Surgical Treatments ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Multiple Traumas

Background: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the care of multiple trauma victims with maxillofacial injuries in terms of epidemiological distributions, types of injuries, the related different modalities of surgical treatments delivered, and their complications. Materials and Methods: This prospective study was performed on 50 patients with multiple traumas including maxillofacial injuries, caused by different etiological factors, who were brought first to the surgical emergencies department of the Medical City then referred to the Maxillofacial unit in the Specialized Surgeries Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq, during the period from April 2007 to April 2008. Information was documented prospectively from the time of the emergency call to discharge (or death). Results: the age range was from 6 to 63 years, with the most frequent age group for injury being ranged between 21-30 years. The male to female ratio was 6:1. The missile injuries accounted for 90% of multiple traumas with maxillofacial injuries, while civilian injuries accounted for 10% of the cases. The mechanisms of injury, concerning war injuries, were gunshot injuries 46% and blast injuries 44%, while concerning civilian injuries: road traffic accidents 8% and stabbing injuries 2%. Among 50 people injured, 3 (6%) died. Conclusion: The priority during initial treatment is the achievement of patent airway, hemostasis, and the maintenance of vital tissues oxygenation.

scholarly journals Pattern of Maxillofacial fracture in Western and Central Nepal: An experience in 3 tertiary level health institutions

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
S Subedi ◽  
B Shrestha ◽  
RB Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Young Males ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Health Institutions

BACKGROUND: There are only few studies regarding the pattern and causes of maxillofacial fractures till date in Nepal and no such study in western and central Nepalese population has been conducted. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to describe the causes and the pattern of maxillofacial fractures in western and central part of Nepal over the period of 5 years.MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis of maxillofacial fractures was conducted on 328 patients who were treated in the department of maxillofacial surgery. Data was extracted and analyzed based on age, sex, cause of injury and anatomic location.RESULT Young males of 3rd decade of life most commonly sustained the maxillofacial trauma. The commonest site involved was the zygomatic complex (42%) when only mid face fractures was considered and parasymphysis (32%) when only mandible was considered.The most common cause of injuries was road traffic accidents (289 patients; 88.1%) followed by interpersonal violence (25 patients; 7.6 %) and falls accounting for 4.2% of the all injuries. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest the need for expansion of the motorway network, ensuring compliance of strict traffic rules and regulations, replacing old vehicles without safety measures and implement school education in alcohol abuse.Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2014, Vol-10, No-3, 8-13

scholarly journals MAXILLOFACIAL FRACTURES

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1541-1545
Author(s):  
Suneel Kumar Punjabi ◽  
Altaf Ahmed Talpur ◽  
Abdul Rauf Memon ◽  
Miss` Priya
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Sports Injury ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Maxillofacial Injuries ◽  
Concomitant Injuries ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
Working Day

Background: The incidence of maxillofacial fractures is greater in Pakistan.This research has the crucial aim of achieve and indexing maxillofacial injuries in poly traumapatients. Objectives: To assess the concomitant injuries with maxillofacial trauma. StudyDesign: Descriptive case series. Setting: The department of Emergency and Oral & MaxillofacialSurgery, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Period: Jan 2014 to Dec2015. Methods: Total 489 patients of both genders, aged ≥20 years were included. Results:more injuries 359 (73.40%) occurs among the age of 20-39 years. The mainly documentedetiologic factor for injury was RTA with 69.38%, followed by assault (16.76%), fall (11.04%)and sports injury was (2.87%). With respect to related injuries, a sum of 48 patients introducedhead injuries and other concomitant injuries. The most common fracture noted was mandible296 (60.53) followed by maxillary fractures 191 (39%), Zygomatic bone complex fractures 65(13.29%), Naso-orabital ethmoid fractures was 44 (8.99%), majority of patients 186 (38.0%)were arrived in morning time followed by 176 (35.9%) in evening, 88 (17.9%) in afternoon and 39(7.9%) in night, regarding the day’s most patients came on first working day that was Saturday142 (29.0%). Regarding hospital mortality, 11 (2.2%) people died within less than two days afteradmittance. Conclusion: The results of this study may support the oral surgeons to rule outother injuries at the time of primary survey and may have a key role in awareness of individualsin prevention of road traffic accidents.

scholarly journals OUTCOME OF CEREBRAL CONTUSIONS DUE TO TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43
Author(s):  
Zubair Ahmed Khan ◽  
Habib sultan ◽  
Amir Aziz ◽  
Shahrukh Rizvi ◽  
Tauqeer Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
History Of ◽  
Age Range

ABSTRACT:BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: To compare the results of surgically operated vs conservatively treated patients of cerebral contusions due to traumatic brain injury. METHODOLOGY: This comparative study was conducted from January 2012 to December 2014 at the department of Neurosurgery, PGMI Lahore General Hospital, Lahore. A total of 50 patients were included in this study of both gender (male and female) and in the age range of 15-65 years. In our study 20 patients were managed conservatively while other 30 patients were operated for cerebral contusions. The mode of injury in our study was road traffic accidents and history of falls. RESULTS: Out of 50 patients, there were 41 (82%) males and 09 (18%) female patients. Their age ranged from 15 - 65 years. In this study the overall mean age is 38.36 years. The maximum numbers of patients were in their third and fourth decades of life. In our study the duration of hospital stay in conservatively managed patients was longer as compared to surgically treated patients who were discharged earlier. Mortality rate in surgically managed patients having a GCS ranged between 09 to 12 was very low contrary to the conservatively managed group, similarly the rate of delayed contusion formation and edema was also low in surgically managed patients as compared to those who were managed conservatively. CONCLUSION: Surgically managed patients of cerebral contusions in traumatic brain injury has better outcome and decreased hospital stay as compared to conservatively managed patients.

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