Interprofessional Education and Practice: A Family-Centered Approach to Autism

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
pp. 360-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Christine Potvin ◽  
Liliane Savard ◽  
Patricia Prelock
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Interprofessional Team ◽  
The Core ◽  
Family Centered

AbstractThe article discusses the role of interprofessional education (IPE) and interprofessional collaborative practice (IPCP) in the delivery of service to a young child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and his family. An introduction to the concepts is provided with an outline of the strengths and challenges evident in implementing an IPCP approach to quality care. The core competencies for IPE and IPCP are also explained with examples of their application to children with ASD and their families. After reading this article, health care providers should be able to summarize their role in IPE and IPCP and identify their responsibility as a member of a collaborative team. The value of an interprofessional team in practice is emphasized, and ways to build successful teams are explained.

scholarly journals Adults on the Autism Spectrum Face Significant Challenges Accessing Health Care Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Setareh Ghahari ◽  
Megan Widmer ◽  
Tom Heneghan ◽  
Methuna Naganathan ◽  
Thanusha Kathiravel
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Service Access ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Spectrum Access ◽  
Health Service Access ◽  
Care Services

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by difficulties with social skills, verbal and non-verbal communication, repetitive behaviours and atypical sensory processing. Individuals on the autism spectrum face a higher prevalence of health conditions and have a higher mortality rate than the general population. There is a critical need to understand adults’ experiences on the autism spectrum when accessing health care services to understand how to improve accessibility to health care for these individuals. The purpose of this scoping review was to investigate how adults on the autism spectrum access and experience health care services. Four databases, including Embase, MEDLINE, CINAHL, and PsycInfo, were systematically searched for literature exploring how individuals on the autism spectrum access and experience health care. Results were extracted and categorized into five determinants based on the accessibility framework described by Levesque et al. (2013). Results indicated adults on the autism spectrum experience numerous barriers when accessing health care services. The dimension of access most frequently cited was the appropriateness of care, followed by the acceptability of care. It is essential to explore access as it is often conceptualized as the availability and affordability of services; however, results of this study indicate the broader experience of quality care provision and acceptance of the individual are important in understanding the complex experience individuals on the autism spectrum face. Based on these findings, there is a need to provide comprehensive education and clinical practice guidelines for health care providers to help reduce barriers to providing appropriate care for adults on the autism spectrum. Efforts to destigmatize intrapersonal and extra-personal perceptions of individuals on the autism spectrum will help overcome the barriers that affect care acceptability. Further research must understand how to design and implement strategies to maximize health service access for adults on the autism spectrum.

scholarly journals Family-Centered Care: How Close Do We Get When Talking to Parents of Children Undergoing Diagnosis for Autism Spectrum Disorders?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynnea Myers ◽  
Sharon M. Karp ◽  
Mary S. Dietrich ◽  
Wendy S. Looman ◽  
Melanie Lutenbacher
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Diagnostic Process ◽  
Family Centered Care ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Centered Care ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Family Centered

Abstract Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects 1:59 children, yet little is known about parents’ perceptions of family-centered care (FCC) during the diagnostic process leading up to diagnosis. This mixed-methods study explored key elements of FCC from 31 parents of children recently diagnosed with ASD using parallel qualitative and quantitative measures. Parents rated highly their receipt of FCC and discussed ways providers demonstrated FCC. However, the majority of parents indicated that the period when their child was undergoing diagnosis was stressful and reported symptoms of depression and anxiety. The study points to ways in which health care providers can enhance FCC provided to families when a child is undergoing ASD diagnosis.

scholarly journals Developing and implementing core competencies in children’s environmental health for students, trainees and healthcare providers: a narrative review

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Hannah Goldman ◽  
Lauren Zajac ◽  
Robert J. Geller ◽  
Mark D. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Environmental Exposures ◽  
World Health ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
The Core ◽  
Children’S Environmental Health

AbstractKnowledge of the health impacts of environmental exposures (such as pollution disasters, poor air quality, water contamination, climate change) on children’s health has dramatically increased in the past 40 years. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that 23% of all deaths worldwide were attributable to the environment, and 26% of deaths in children less than 5 years old could be prevented with removal of environmental risks factors. Yet, little has permeated medical education, leaving pediatric providers ill equipped to address these issues. To address this gap, members from the Pediatric Environmental Health Specialty Units, a United States nationwide network of academically affiliated experts who have created numerous environmental health educational materials and programs, have identified fifteen core environmental health (EH) competencies needed by health care providers to enable them to effectively address environmental health concerns. These competencies can serve as the foundation for the development and implementation of relevant educational programs. The core EH competencies are based upon these foundational elements: 1) Definition of “children’s environmental health” that describes how environmental exposures (positive and negative) in early life influence the health and development in childhood and across the entire human life span 2) Children are not “little adults” and so have unique vulnerabilities to environmental hazards; 3) Environmental health inequities exist, causing some children to have a disproportionate amount of unhealthy exposures and consequently a greater risk of adverse effects; 4) Climate change will translate to numerous adverse health effects that will particularly affect children worldwide. In this article, the authors describe the core environmental health competencies and provide resources, online tools, strategies, and examples targeted to all levels of training and practice to better enable leaders and educators to bring this important content to the forefront.

scholarly journals Interprofessional and Team-Based Continuing Education For Health Professionals

2012 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Gjorgjeska
Keyword(s):  
Continuing Education ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Interprofessional Education ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Healthcare Delivery ◽  
Health Professions ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Healthcare Delivery System

The benefits of implementing interprofessional and team­based programs are well recognized. However, for interprofes­ sional education to  be effective and broadly implemented, the health professions, policymakers, insurers, academic institutions, health care providers, and regulatory bodies should embrace and adopt a new, interprofessional education framework. These stakeholders should create a shared value and vision for interprofessional health professions’ educa­ tion, research, and practice. This vision should be patient­oriented and contain a measurable component across the entire educational continuum, from admission into a health professional program through retirement. Such a framework would maximize and value the strengths of individual professions in the integrated delivery of high quality care. Finally, in creating a successful model, a series of questions should be considered: how  best can team competence be measured, how should individual behavioral changes be documented when we think of individual rather than team­level changes, how do we create and measure performance criteria based on shared understanding and experience in the practice setting? Within academic settings, there are more specific barriers including a lack of administrative support, financial and human resources for interprofessional education, conflicts in schedules and health professions’ curricula, and limitations to the time required to plan and implement faculty development for interprofessional learning. Finally, despite progress, there remain regulatory and professional barriers to achieving full and meaningful implementation of effective models. Recom­ mendations which  are given emphasize that investing in research to evaluate the efficacy of continuing education and its impact on patient outcomes and the healthcare delivery system is inherent in this process.

Current Practices and Challenges of Medical Services on Health Care System of Mandalay General Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 131
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Medical Services ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Level Hospital ◽  
Care System

In Myanmar, the main challenge to provide quality healthcare by Universal Health Care approach is documented as low health services coverage with substantial wealth-based inequality. To achieve the effective health care system, strong medical care system is essential. Understanding on challenges and needs in provision of medical services among patients and health care providers is critical to provide quality care with desirable outcomes. The aim of the study was to explore the patients’ and health care providers’ perceptions on the challenges in provision of medical services at the Mandalay General Hospital. This was a qualitative study conducted at the tertiary level hospital (Mandalay General Hospital). The data was collected by using focus group discussions and in-depth interviews with hospitalized patients or attendants, healthcare providers such as medical doctors, nurses, laboratory scientists and hospital administrators in March 2017. The qualitative data was analyzed using themes by themes matrix analysis. Most patients were satisfied with the care provided by the doctors because they believed that they received quality care. However, some patients complained about long waiting time for elective operation, congested conditions in the ward, burden for investigations outside the hospital for urgent needs and impolite manners of general workers. Healthcare providers reported that they had heavy workload due to limited human and financial resources in the hospital, poor compliances with hospital rules and regulation among patients and attendants, and inefficient referral practices from other health facilities. Other challenges experienced by healthcare providers were lack of ongoing training to improve knowledge and skills, limited health infrastructure and inadequate medicinal supplies. The findings highlighted the areas needed to be improved to provide quality health care at the tertiary level hospital. The challenges and problems encountered in this hospital can be improved by allocating adequate financial and human resources. The systematic referral system and hospital management guidelines are needed to reduce workload of health staff.

scholarly journals Typhoon eye effect versus ripple effect: the role of family size on mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tooba Lateef ◽  
Jiyao Chen ◽  
Muhammad Tahir ◽  
Teba Abdul Lateef ◽  
Bryan Z. Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Ripple Effect ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Populous Country

Abstract Background The recent outbreak of COVID-19 has impacted adversely upon the mental health of millions of people worldwide. Impacts on the mental health conditions and the associated predictors relating to adults in Pakistan, the fifth most populous country in the world, during the COVID-19 remain understudied. Our aim was to investigate distress, anxiety, and overall mental health and their associated predictors among Pakistani adults in this pandemic. We specifically examine mental health issues based on the distance from the epicenter, (a predictor that has revealed opposing evidence in other countries) based on the theories of typhoon eye effect and ripple effect. The sample consisted of 601 adults who were surveyed online about 2.5 months into the outbreak across Pakistan with varying distances from the epicenter of COVID-19 of Karachi. Results The results showed that 9.2 and 19.0% of the participants surpassed the cut-off criteria for distress and anxiety disorders, respectively. Overall, the distance from the epicenter positively predicted the mental health of adults in Pakistan, and family size negatively moderated this effect. The distance from the epicenter negatively predicted distress and anxiety disorders for adults in large families, which are quite common in Pakistan. Conclusion The evidence of the study interestingly finds that the prediction of the mental health of people by their distance from the epicenter depends on family size. The evidence of this study can help to provide initial indicators for mental health care providers to screen vulnerable groups in Pakistan, a populous country that continues struggling to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic.

Breastfeeding Experiences of Baccalaureate Nursing Students: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
pp. 089033442097998
Author(s):  
Cheryl Langford ◽  
Marcella Gowan ◽  
Monica Haj
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Baccalaureate Nursing ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Baccalaureate Nursing Students ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Breastfeeding Support ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Students returning to school who are breastfeeding face unique challenges. There is limited literature on breastfeeding university students. Several researchers have studied breastfeeding employees in the workplace. Institutions of higher education closely mimic the employment environment. Breastfeeding college students who express their milk while at school share similar challenges to employed mothers. A baccalaureate nursing program is rigorous and little is known about the challenges facing breastfeeding student nurses returning to classes. Research aim To explore the breastfeeding experience of baccalaureate nursing students. Methods Our study was a cross-sectional descriptive qualitative design. Purposive sampling was used to enroll participants ( N = 12). In depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted. Qualitative thematic analysis was used to analyze the data both manually and using Dedoose QDA software. Results An overarching theme of pervasive conflict between the role of the breastfeeding mother and the role of the student nurse surfaced. Three interrelated organizing themes also emerged; challenging, vulnerability, and resilience. Time constraints, self-care versus role demands, and structural accommodations contributed to the challenges. Only one participant indicated a knowledge of her breastfeeding rights. All of the participants expressed gratitude for faculty and community support, regardless of conflicts. Conclusion Breastfeeding participants were both vulnerable and resilient. Faculty may improve experiences through providing specific areas of support. A breastfeeding support policy outlining student rights and faculty responsibilities is needed to educate, guide, and enforce protections. Health care providers may enhance breastfeeding students’ experiences through anticipatory guidance, education, and continued support.

Commentary on “Diabetes and people with learning disabilities: issues for policy, practice and education”

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brianne Redquest ◽  
Yona Lunsky
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Learning Disabilities ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Diabetes Care ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Family Carers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Policy Practice

Purpose There has been an increase in research exploring the area of intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and diabetes. Despite being described as instrumental to diabetes care for people with IDD, the role and experiences of family carers, such as parents and siblings, are often neglected in this research. However, it is clear that family carers do not feel that they have sufficient knowledge about diabetes. The purpose of this commentary is to extend the content from “Diabetes and people with learning disabilities: Issues for policy, practice, and education (Maine et al., 2020)” and discuss how family carers can feel better supported when caring for someone with IDD and diabetes. Design/methodology/approach This commentary discusses specific efforts such as STOP diabetes, DESMOND-ID and OK-diabetes for people with IDD including family carers. Encouragement is given for health care providers to recommend such programmes to people with IDD and their family carers. It is also suggested that health care providers involve family carers in diabetes care planning and implementation for people with IDD. Findings It is hoped that if changes are made to current diabetes practices and more research with family carers is conducted, diabetes prevention and management for people with IDD will be more successful and family carers can feel more confident in providing support to their loved ones. Originality/value Research exploring the role of family carers in diabetes care for people with IDD and diabetes is very limited. This commentary makes recommendations to help family carers feel better supported in their role. It also provides areas for future research.

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