Determinants of handgrip strength in community-dwelling older women

AbstractA positive association has been reported between vitamin D status, muscle strength and physical function in older Caucasian women. However, little is known about this relationship in UK South Asian older women. This cross-sectional study aimed to explore the association between vitamin D status, muscle strength and physical function in UK South Asian (Pakistani and Indian) older women.One hundred and twenty community-dwelling women were recruited via visiting community centres, mosques, Indian temples (Gurdwara) and by word of mouth (between January to May 2018). Inclusion criteria were: community-dwelling, South Asian women, age 60 years and above, able to communicate effectively and able to give written or verbal consent. A general interview (demographic, anthropometric, self-reported exhaustion, health history, supplementation use/duration/dose), handgrip strength (kg), short physical performance battery (single chair stand, repeated chair stands, balance, timed up-and-go test), and blood 25 hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D, nmol/l) concentration were performed. Dietary intake and self-reported physical activity was also assessed using multiple-pass 24-hour diet recall method and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) short form respectively.Overall, 47% of participants had insufficient blood 25(OH)D concentration (< 50nmol/L) and 53% had sufficient blood 25(OH)D (≥ 50nmol/L) using the IOM classification. As expected 86% of current vitamin D supplement users had adequate vitamin D status and only 14% of women who reported current vitamin D supplement use had insufficient vitamin D status. Amongst supplement non-users 68% had insufficient vitamin D status and only 32% had adequate levels. An inverse correlation (Spearman's analysis) was found between vitamin D status and single chair stand test (sec) (r = -0.25, p = 0.006); repeated chair stand test (sec) (r = -0.29, p = 0.002) and timed up-and-go test (sec) (r = -0.20, p = 0.02). No correlation was observed between vitamin D status and handgrip strength (r = 0.09, p = 0.30).The prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency is high in post-menopausal South Asian women not taking vitamin D supplements. Significant association was observed between vitamin D status and some aspects of muscle strength and physical function. We are now conducting a randomized control trial to investigate whether vitamin D supplementation may restore muscle strength and function in this population.

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Physical Fitness among Community-Dwelling Older Women with and without Risk of Falling—The Taipei Study, Taiwan

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18147243 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (14) ◽

pp. 7243

Author(s):

Chen-Yi Song ◽

Jau-Yih Tsauo ◽

Pei-Hsin Fang ◽

I-Yao Fang ◽

Shao-Hsi Chang

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Older Women ◽

Fall Risk ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Risk Of Falling ◽

Falling Risk

The purposes of this study were to compare the differences in physical fitness between community-dwelling older women fallers and non-fallers, with and without a risk of falling, and to investigate the relation between physical fitness and falling risk factors. This study was a secondary data analysis from a community- and exercise-based fall-prevention program. Baseline assessments pertaining to body weight and height, self-reported chronic diseases, the 12-item fall risk questionnaire (FRQ), senior fitness test, single-leg stand test, and handgrip strength test were extracted. Participants (n=264) were classified into fallers and non-fallers, and sub-classified according to the risk of falling (FRQ ≥4 and <4). While controlling for the effect of age, body mass index (BMI), and multimorbidity, one-way analysis of covariance indicated that older women with a risk of falling showed poorer performances of the 8-foot up-and-go, 2-min step and 30-s chair stand compared with those without a risk of falling, regardless of the history of falls. Additionally, weaker grip strength was found in non-fallers with falling risk. Some significant, but low-to-moderate, correlations were found between physical fitness tests and fall risk factors in the FRQ, particularly in gait/balance problem and leg muscle weakness. Proactive efforts are encouraged to screen and manage deterioration in the identified physical fitness.

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Association between Dietary Habits and Physical Function in Brazilian and Italian Older Women

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12061635 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (6) ◽

pp. 1635 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Hélio J. Coelho-Junior ◽

Riccardo Calvani ◽

Anna Picca ◽

Ivan O. Gonçalves ◽

Francesco Landi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Function ◽

Older Women ◽

Protein Intake ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Isometric Handgrip ◽

Isoleucine Leucine ◽

Brazilian Sample

The present study investigated and compared the patterns of dietary protein intake and physical function in Brazilian and Italian older women. Seventy-five Brazilian older women were recruited in a community senior center. Fifty-three age-matched Italian older women were selected from participants of the Longevity check-up (Lookup) 7+ study. In both samples, physical performance was evaluated by isometric handgrip strength (IHG) and five-time sit-to-stand (5 × STS) tests, while diet was assessed through 24-h recall. Results indicated that Brazilian women had a higher intake of plant-based protein (52.7% vs. 30.5% kcal), while Italian women consumed greater amounts of animal-derived protein (29.7% vs. 41.5% kcal). In Brazilian women, the binary logistic regression analysis indicated that body weight-adjusted protein consumption was associated with IHG adjusted by body mass index and with 5 × STS performance. In the Italian sample, the intake of isoleucine, leucine, and valine was significantly associated with 5 × STS performance. Our findings indicate that Brazilian and Italian community-dwelling older women show different patterns of protein intake, with higher consumption of plant-based protein in the Brazilian sample and higher ingestion of animal-derived protein in the Italian subgroup. These dietary patterns may differentially impact the relationship between physical function and protein intake observed in Brazilian and Italian older women.

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Frailty, Physical Fitness and Quality of Life: a comparison between Physically Frail and Robust Older Women

Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte ◽

10.33155/j.ramd.2018.08.001 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 0 (Avance Online) ◽

Author(s):

Vivian Castillo De-Lima ◽

Ricardo Aurélio Carvalho Sampaio ◽

Hélio José Coelho-Junior ◽

Carolina Mie Kawagosi Onodera ◽

Marzo Edir Da Silva-Grigoletto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Older Women ◽

Short Form ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Timed Up And Go ◽

Leaving Home ◽

Calidad De Vida

Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to compare physical fitness, quality of life and domains of frailty between physically frail and robust older women, whose was classified by the physical domain from Kihon Checklist. Method: One hundred and thirty-two community-dwelling older women participated in the study (68.5 ± 6.1 years). Data were collected through questionnaires (sociodemographic, Kihon Checklist, Short Form-8 items) and physical and functional tests. Results: Most frail older women lived alone (P<0.01), had lower frequency of leaving home weekly (P<0.03) and reported a greater history of fall events compared to the robust ones (P<0.01). In addition, physically frail older women presented lower performance in handgrip strength, walking speed usual and maximum, and Timed Up and Go. In addition, they had worst results in other domains of frailty (i.e., instrumental activities of daily living, oral condition, socialization, cognition) as well as a lower quality of life. Older women leaving home in a lower frequency and living alone may present an increase of emotional issues and, occasionally, a decrease of the quality of life. Conclusion: Physical frail older women leaving home less present lower muscle strength and power and, a combination of frailties besides the physical one. Resumen Objetivo: Comparar la aptitud física, la calidad de vida y los dominios de fragilidad entre ancianos físicamente frágiles y robustos, clasificados por el dominio físico del Kihon Checklist. Método: Mujeres ancianas de la comunidad participaron del estudio (n=132; 68.5 ± 6.1 años). Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de cuestionarios (sociodemográfico, Kihon Checklist, Short Form-8) y pruebas físicas y funcionales. Resultados: La mayoría de las ancianas frágiles vivían solas (P <0.01), presentaron menor frecuencia para salir de casa semanalmente (P <0.03) y sufrieron mayor número de caídas en comparación a las robustas (P <0.01). Las personas de edad avanzada físicamente frágiles presentaron un menor desempeño en la fuerza de prensión manual, velocidad de caminata usual y máxima y en el test Timed Up and Go. Además, presentaron resultados peores en otros ámbitos de fragilidad (actividades instrumentales de la vida diaria, condición oral, socialización, cognición), así como una menor calidad de vida. Las ancianas que salen de casa con menor frecuencia y viven solas pueden presentar un aumento de problemas emocionales y, ocasionalmente, una disminución de la calidad de vida. Conclusión: Ancianas físicamente frágiles, que salen menos de casa, presentan menor fuerza y potencia muscular junto a otros ámbitos de fragilidad. Resumo Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi comparar a aptidão física, qualidade de vida e os domínios de fragilidade entre idosas fisicamente frágeis e robustas, classificadas pelo dominio físico do Kihon Checklist. Método: Cento e trinta e duas idosas da comunidade participaram do estudo (68.5 ± 6.1 anos). Os dados foram coletados por meio de questionários (sociodemográfico, Kihon Checklist, Short Form-8) e testes físicos e funcionais. Resultados: A maioria das idosas frágeis moravam sozinhas (P <0.01), apresentaram menor frequência ao sair de casa semanalmente (P <0.03) e relataram maior histórico de quedas em comparação às robustas (P <0.01). Além disso, as idosas fisicamente frágeis apresentaram menor desempenho na força de preensão manual, velocidade de caminhada usual e máxima, Timed Up and Go. Em adição a isto, apresentaram resultados agravados em outros domínios da fragilidade (atividades instrumentais da vida diária, condição oral, socialização, cognição), bem como uma menor qualidade de vida. Idosas que saem de casa com menor frequência e moram sozinhas podem apresentar um acréscimo de problemas emocionais e, ocasionalmente, uma diminuição da qualidade de vida. Conclusão: Idosas físicamente frágeis, que saem menos de casa, apresentam menor força e potência muscular, e uma combinação do domínio físico com outros domínios da fragilidade.

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Vitamin D Deficiency is Associated with Handgrip Strength, Nutritional Status and T2DM in Community-Dwelling Older Mexican Women: A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13030736 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 736

Author(s):

Luciano Mendoza-Garcés ◽

María Consuelo Velázquez-Alva ◽

María Fernanda Cabrer-Rosales ◽

Isabel Arrieta-Cruz ◽

Roger Gutiérrez-Juárez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

At Risk ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Nutritional Status ◽

Vitamin D Deficiency ◽

Older Women ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between handgrip strength, nutritional status and vitamin D deficiency in Mexican community-dwelling older women. A cross sectional study in women ≥ 60 years-old was performed. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations were measured by a quantitative immunoassay technique. Handgrip strength was assessed using a dynamometer, while nutritional status was assessed through the Full Mini Nutritional Assessment (Full-MNA). A total of 116 women participated in the study, their mean age was 70.3 ± 5.8 years; 49.1% of the study group had plasma 25(OH)D levels lower than 40 nmol/L [16 ng/mL]. Meanwhile, 28.45% of participants had low handgrip strength (<16 kg), and 23.1% were identified at risk of malnutrition/malnourished according with Full-MNA score. Women with 25(OH)D deficiency (<40 nmol/L [16 ng/mL]) were more likely to have low handgrip strength (OR = 2.64, p = 0.025) compared with those with higher 25(OH)D values. Additionally, being malnourished or at risk of malnutrition (OR = 2.53, p = 0.045) or having type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (OR = 2.92, p = 0.044) was also associated with low 25(OH)D. The prevalence of low plasma 25(OH)D concentrations was high among Mexican active older women. Low handgrip strength, being at risk of malnutrition/malnourished, or diagnosed with T2DM was also associated with Vitamin D deficiency.

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