Klinische Ergebnisse über hämorheologische Wirkungen von Ginkgo-biloba-Extrakt

1993 ◽  
Vol 13 (01) ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Witte
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Klinische Ergebnisse ◽  
Egb 761

ZusammenfassungDie vorwiegend mit dem standardisierten Ginkgo-biloba-Extrakt EGb 761 gewonnenen klinischen Erfahrungen auf dem Gebiet der Hämorheologie werden gesammelt dargestellt. Die Effekte in vitro sprechen für eine Schutzwirkung gegenüber freien Radikalen und für eine Inkorporation von Extraktkomponenten in die Erythrozytenmembran.In vivo verbessert EGb 761 p.o. und i.v. bei Gesunden ebenso wie nach Inkubation in vitro die Membraneigenschaften der Erythrozyten und hemmt die spontane und PAF-induzierte Plättchenaggregation. Bei Patienten mit arteriellen Durchblutungsstörungen und hämorheologisch meßbaren Risikofaktoren wurden folgende signifikante EGb-761-Wirkungen nachgewiesen: Besserung der erhöhten Vollblutviskosität und der Plasmaviskosität, Hemmung der Erythrozytenaggregation, der Plättchenaggregation sowie Verminderung einer als wichtiger eigenständiger arteriosklerotischer Risikofaktor erkannten Hyperfibrinogenämie. Die mit Laser-Doppler-Technik gemessene Hautdurchblutung wurde durch Ginkgoextrakt-Infusion akut gesteigert.Als Globalparameter einer unter EGb 761 verbesserten Mikrozirkulation haben wir eine signifikante Verbesserung der Sauerstoffaufnahme unter konstanter Arbeitsbelastung nachgewiesen.

scholarly journals In Vivo and In Vitro Toxicity Evaluation of Polyprenols Extracted from Ginkgo biloba L. Leaves

Molecules ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 22257-22271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Zhang Wang ◽  
Jiao-Jiao Yuan ◽  
Wen-Jun Li ◽  
Hong-Yu Zhang ◽  
Jian-Zhong Ye
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
In Vitro Toxicity ◽  
Toxicity Evaluation

Evaluation of an infrared laser-Doppler blood flowmeter

1987 ◽  
Vol 252 (6) ◽  
pp. G832-G839 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. P. Shepherd ◽  
G. L. Riedel ◽  
J. W. Kiel ◽  
D. J. Haumschild ◽  
L. C. Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Rotational Velocity ◽  
Rotating Disk ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Infrared Laser ◽  
Blood Oxygenation ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Laser Doppler Velocimeter ◽  
Flow Signal

Several laser-Doppler blood flowmeters are now commercially available; however, only one utilizes an infrared laser diode (Laserflo, TSI, St. Paul, MN). Because of this and other unique features such as its microprocessor-based signal analyzer, we evaluated this device's ability to measure tissue perfusion. Initially, we determined whether laser illumination directly affected the microvasculature. Intravital microscopic observations in the hamster cremaster muscle indicated that neither He-Ne nor infrared laser light affected the diameters of arterioles that were responsive to vasoactive agents. To test the flowmeter for linearity and repeatability, we used a rotating disk to simulate a light-scattering, flowing medium. The "flow" signal was highly correlated (r = 0.99) with the rotational velocity of the disk, was consistent among flow probes, and showed a high degree of reproducibility. The second model consisted of microsphere suspensions pumped through cuvettes. The laser-Doppler velocimeter (LDV) flow signal was linear with respect to pump output. With red blood cells in the perfusate, we examined the effects of blood oxygenation on the flowmeter's performance. The LDV flow signal was unaffected by changes in blood oxygenation. We evaluated linearity in vivo in isolated, perfused rat livers and in isolated canine gastric flaps. We observed linear relationships between total flow and laser-Doppler flow measured on the surface of the liver (r = 0.98) and in the gastric mucosa (r = 0.98), but the slopes of the relationships between total and local LDV flow showed considerable variability not noted in the in vitro studies.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Protective effects of Ginkgo Biloba Dropping Pills against liver ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
Xueping Sheng ◽  
Jianbing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver Ischemia ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Related Proteins ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Abstract Background: Liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is an inevitable pathological phenomenon in various clinical conditions, such as liver transplantation, resection surgery, or shock, which is the major cause of morbidity and mortality after operation. Ginkgo Biloba Dropping Pill (GBDP) is a unique Chinese Ginkgo Biloba leaf extract preparation that exhibits a variety of beneficial biological activities. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of GBDP on the liver I/R injury both in the in vitro and in vivo.Methods: Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) experiments were performed in alpha mouse liver 12 (AML-12) cells and primary hepatocytes, which were pretreated with GBDP (60 or 120 μg/mL) followed by incubation in a hypoxia chamber. Cell viability was detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2.5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Annexin V staining as well as western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins was performed to detect the protective effect of GBDP on cell apoptosis induced by H/R injury. C57BL/6 mice were used to establish the liver I/R injury model, and were pretreated with GBDP (100 or 200 mg/kg/day, i.g.) for two weeks. The liver damage was evaluated by detection of plasma levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), as well as histopathological examinations. Liver inflammation was determined by detecting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neutrophil infiltration through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) immunohistochemistry staining. Finally, Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick and labeling (TUNEL) staining and western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins were used to investigate the anti-apoptotic effect of GBDP in mice.Results: In the in vitro study, GBDP pretreatment improved the cell viability of AML-12 cells in the H/R injury model. Similarly, the same result was found in the primary hepatocytes isolated from C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, GBDP decreased the number of apoptotic cells and reduced the expression of apoptosis-related proteins induced by H/R injury. In the in vivo study, oral administration of GBDP ameliorated liver injury evidenced by a significant decline in the levels of ALT and AST. Furthermore, the result of hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed that GBDP reduced the size of necrosis area in the liver tissue. In addition, the decreased infiltration of neutrophils and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines indicated that GBDP may play an anti-inflammatory effect. More importantly, GBDP reduced TUNEL-positive cells and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins in the liver indicating GBDP has anti-apoptotic effects.Conclusion: Our findings elucidated that GBDP has potential effects for protecting against liver I/R injury characterized by its anti-apoptotic, anti-necrotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, which would promisingly make contributions to the exploration of therapeutic strategies in the liver I/R injury.

scholarly journals Protective Effects of Ginkgo Biloba Dropping Pills Against Liver Ischemia/reperfusion Injury in Mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Wang ◽  
Ping Zhang ◽  
Qingqing Wang ◽  
Xueping Sheng ◽  
Jianbing Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Viability ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Liver Ischemia ◽  
Primary Hepatocytes ◽  
Injury Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background: Liver ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is an inevitable pathological phenomenon in various clinical conditions, such as liver transplantation, resection surgery, or shock, which is the major cause of morbidity and mortality after operation. Ginkgo Biloba Dropping Pill (GBDP) is a unique Chinese Ginkgo Biloba leaf extract preparation that exhibits a variety of beneficial biological activities. The aim of this study is to investigate the protective effects of GBDP on the liver I/R injury both in vitro and in vivo. Methods: Hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) experiments were performed in AML-12 cells and primary hepatocytes, which were pretreated with GBDP (60 or 120 μg/mL) followed by incubation in a hypoxia chamber. Cell viability and cell apoptosis were detected by MTT assay and annexin V staining respectively. C57BL/6 mice were used to establish liver I/R injury model, and were pretreated with GBDP (100 or 200 mg/kg/day, i.g.) for two weeks. Liver damage was detected by plasma levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST). Liver necrosis and neutrophil infiltration were determined by H&E and myeloperoxidase immunohistochemistry staining. Finally, TUNEL staining and western blot analysis of apoptosis-related proteins were used to investigate the anti-apoptotic effect of GBDP. Results: In the in vitro study, GBDP pretreatment improved the cell viability of AML-12 cells in H/R injury model. Similarly, the same result was found in the primary hepatocytes isolated from C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, GBDP decreased the number of apoptotic cells induced by H/R. In the in vivo study, oral administration of GBDP ameliorated liver injury evidenced by a significant decline in the levels of ALT and AST. Furthermore, the result of H&E staining showed that GBDP reduced the size of necrosis area. In addition, the decreased infiltration of neutrophils indicated that GBDP may play an anti-inflammatory effect. More importantly, GBDP reduced TUNEL-positive cells and the expression of Bax and caspase-3 in liver indicating GBDP has anti-apoptotic effects.Conclusion: Our findings elucidated that GBDP has potential effects for protecting against liver I/R injury characterized by its anti-apoptotic, anti-necrotic, and anti-inflammatory properties, which would promisingly make a contribution to the exploration of therapeutic strategies in the liver I/R injury.

Fucoidan aus Braunalgen

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (04) ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
Bettina Hees
Keyword(s):  
Biological Response ◽  
Biological Response Modifier ◽  
Klinische Ergebnisse ◽  
Response Modifier ◽  
First Line ◽  
Novel Food

ZusammenfassungFucoidan ist ein Polysaccharid, das in Meeresbraunalgen, vor allem der Wakame-Alge, vorkommt. Es ist in vielen Ländern Asiens Bestandteil der täglichen Ernährung mit Algen, darüber hinaus wird es in der traditionellen asiatischen Medizin zur komplementären Behandlung von Tumorerkrankungen eingesetzt. Seit Kurzem ist Fucoidan auch in der EU als „Novel Food“-Lebensmittel bzw. Nahrungsergänzung zugelassen. Fucoidane besitzen eine Vielzahl an antikanzerogenen Wirkungen, was in vitro, in vivo und in klinischen Pilotstudien nachgewiesen werden konnte: Sie reduzieren proinflammatorische Prozesse, können die Proliferation von Krebszellen unterdrücken, aktivieren die Apoptose-Signale von Krebszellen und hemmen die Bildung von vaskulären Wachstumsfaktoren (VEGF), wodurch Angiogenese und Metastasierung unterdrückt werden können. Fucoidan besitzt sowohl systemische Wirkungen – erstmalig nachgewiesen mit Hilfe der microRNA Biomarker-Diagnostik – als auch lokale Wirkungen. Als Biological Response Modifier aktiviert und verbessert Fucoidan die Immunantwort im Darm als First-Line-Abwehr von Tumorzellen und Schlüsselfaktor der Tumorbekämpfung, es wirkt zusätzlich als Booster der natürlichen Killerzellaktivität. Fucoidan kann die Nebenwirkungen von Chemo- und Strahlentherapien reduzieren und es kann die therapeutischen Effekte konventioneller Tumortherapien verbessern. Der Beitrag stellt klinische Ergebnisse zu Fucoidan beim metastasierten Kolonkarzinom sowie bei Brustkrebs vor.

Biological and Molecular Evidences for the Antitumor Potential of EGb 761 in Glioma Cells In Vitro and In Vivo

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 685-692
Author(s):  
Xin Sui ◽  
Jia Zhou ◽  
Yan Xu ◽  
Yuchen Wang ◽  
Guangfu Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Signalling Pathway ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Egb 761 ◽  
Western Blots ◽  
Expression Levels

EGb 761, the standardized extract from the Ginkgo biloba leaves, has therapeutic effect on many diseases. However, its mechanisms on glioma remain to be fully established. This study aims to investigate the possible effects of EGb 761 on glioma cells, to explore its potential mechanism. The glioma cells SHG44 and U251 were used as materials, the proliferation, migration and invasion were assessed by the MTT, the scratch-wound and Transwell assays were performed respectively. Levels of insulin-like growth factor-1, Bcl-2, p53, Smad2/3, Bax, cleaved caspase-3 and p-Smad2/3 were determined by western blots. The development and progression of U251 glioma cell were measured in vivo, and the apoptosis was evaluated. The results showed that EGb 761 could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SHG-44 and U251 cells in vitro. Meanwhile, the expression levels of IGF-1 and Bcl-2, and the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling were inhibited. In contrast, the expression levels of p53, Bax, and cleaved caspase-3 were increased significantly. In conclusion, this study suggested that EGb 761 could suppress the growth of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo, possibly by inhibiting the TGF-β signalling pathway and activating the p53 signalling pathway.

Ocular Tonometry Through Sonic Excitation and Laser Doppler Velocimetry

1979 ◽  
Vol 101 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Hamelink ◽  
G. L. Cloud
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Laser Doppler Velocimetry ◽  
Empirical Relationship ◽  
Laser Doppler ◽  
Eye Disease ◽  
Laboratory Model ◽  
Doppler Velocimetry ◽  
Response Frequency

Glaucoma is an insidious eye disease which must be detected in its early stages for there to be successful treatment. Primary detection of glaucoma and evaluation of therapy have depended upon tonometric methods which require applanation of the cornea. A new method of IOP determination which is noncontacting and nonapplanating has been devised. The technique utilizes low-level sonic excitation of the eye and detection of the resulting cornea vibrations by laser Doppler velocimetry. Studies of a laboratory model and of freshly excised lambs’ eyes show that there is a measurable shift of corneal response frequencies with changing IOP. An empirical relationship between IOP and response frequency for in-vitro lamb’s eyes was found to be f = 233.65 + 6.9 (In IOP in mm Hg)1/2. Standard deviation of all data obtained in the physiological range of IOP’s was approximately 2.5 mm Hg for the experiment which was devised to test the idea. The results provide the basis of design for a procedure to be used in vivo.

Physicochemical properties of chitosan–hydroxyapatite matrix incorporated with Ginkgo biloba-loaded PLGA microspheres for tissue engineering applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 320-330
Author(s):  
Nazanin Marouf ◽  
Hanieh Nojehdehian ◽  
Farnaz Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Pore Size ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Slight Reduction ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Hybrid Scaffolds

To investigate the potential of biomaterials for bone repair, Ginkgo biloba (GB)-loaded polylactic- co-glycolic acid microspheres were synthesized via solvent evaporation technique, and scanning electron microscopic (SEM) micrographs indicated a spherical and smooth surface in which the particles were distributed in the range of 1–7 µm. Chitosan–hydroxyapatite (HA) matrixes incorporated with polymeric spheres were fabricated using the freeze-drying method. SEM micrographs demonstrated an interconnected porous structure in which porosity and pore size reduced as a function of HA and microsphere addition. Fourier transform infrared spectrum illustrated the ability of sodium tripolyphosphate in cross-linking of composite scaffolds. Swelling ratio presented that higher amount of microspheres and the addition of HA reduce the ability of interaction with water molecules. The GB release behavior of hybrid scaffolds confirmed that the addition of HA significantly reduces release ratio because of a slight reduction in pore size and PBS absorption capacity, but higher amount of microspheres resulted in an increase in release level. According to the results, the synthesized hybrid scaffolds have the initial physicochemical features for further studies in terms of in vitro and in vivo assays.

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