Fibrinogen, Platelet and Red Cell Kinetics in Mice Bearing an Experimental Tumor

1975 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Poggi ◽  
N. Polentarutti ◽  
M. B. Donati ◽  
G. de Gaetano ◽  
S. Garattini
Keyword(s):  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Fibrinogen Level ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Experimental Tumor ◽  
Tumor Implantation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Observation Period

In view of the possible role of platelets and coagulation mechanisms in the growth and dissemination of solid tumors, a number of haematological parameters have been followed during development of an experimental syngeneic tumor in mice (Lewis Lung Carcinoma, 3LL). This tumor, when transplanted intramuscularly in C57,B1/6 mice, grows locally and gives spontaneous metastases to the lungs. The transplanted animals survive for about 4 weeks. Metastases are visible since the third week. A slight but constant increase in plasma fibrinogen level and a marked thrombocytopenia were observed starting during the second week after tumor implantation. No other significant changes in coagulation and fibrinolysis parameters were found. Moreover, the animals developed a marked haemolytic anaemia, possibly microangiopathic in origin. 125I-fibrinogen survival was decreased of about 20% during the second week after tumor implantation and was not further reduced later on. Fibrinogen turnover was accelerated since the second week and was further increased thereafter, being more than doubled at the end of the third week. Labelled fibrinogen accumulated in the primary tumor and in the lungs; its rats of disappearance from the tumor was much slower than from lungs or blood. These data suggest the occurrence of a low-grade, localized fibrinogen consumption (intravascular coagulation ?). 51Cr-platelet survival was not modified throughout the observation period, whereas platelet turnover was markedly reduced since the end of the second week, suggesting a defective platelet production. 51Cr-red cell survival was drastically reduced to about 30% of controls starting from the second week, whereas labelled red cell turnover was almost doubled. The pathogenetic relevance of the observed modifications in the processes of grwoth and dissemination of 3 LL remains to be established.(Supported by Grant NIH-PHRB-IRO1 CA 12764–01.

scholarly journals Unexplained Aspects of Anemia of Inflammation

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Price ◽  
Stanley L. Schrier
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Regulatory Peptide ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Disease ◽  
Erythropoietin Production ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Anemia Of Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Anemia Of Inflammation

Anemia of inflammation (AI), also known as anemia of chronic inflammation or anemia of chronic disease was described over 50 years ago as anemia in association with clinically overt inflammatory disease, and the findings of low plasma iron, decreased bone marrow sideroblasts and increased reticuloendothelial iron. Pathogenic features underlying AI include a mild shortening of red cell survival, impaired erythropoietin production, blunted responsiveness of the marrow to erythropoietin, and impaired iron metabolism mediated by inflammatory cytokines and the iron regulatory peptide, hepcidin. Despite marked recent advances in understanding AI, gaps remain, including understanding of the pathogenesis of AI associated with “noninflammatory” or mildly inflammatory diseases, the challenge of excluding iron deficiency anemia in the context of concomitant inflammation, and understanding more precisely the contributory role of hepcidin in the development of AI in human inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Hereditary Hemolytic Disease Secondary to Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency: Report of Three Cases with Special Emphasis on ATP Metabolism

Blood ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
DANIEL N. MOHLER ◽  
CHARLES L. CROCKETT
Keyword(s):  
Cell Survival ◽  
Dehydrogenase Deficiency ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
The Third ◽  
Turkish Origin ◽  
Atp Metabolism ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Glucose 6 Phosphate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Mode Of Inheritance

Abstract 1. Three cases of hereditary hemolytic disease secondary to G-6-PD deficiency are described. Two of the cases were first cousins of Scotch-Irish-English descent and the mode of inheritance was believed to be sex-linked. The third case was of Turkish origin; no family studies were availale. 2. The mothers, who were heterozygous for G-6-PD deficiency, showed only minimal expression of the defect, which was manifested by a slightly decreased red cell survival in both mothers and an abnormal methemoglobin reduction test in one of them. 3. All three cases showed a more pronounced fall in erythrocyte ATP after incubation with phenylhydrazine than that observed in primaquine-sensitive Negroes whose red cells were less deficient in G-6-PD. 4. It is suggested that the inability of the G-6-PD-deficient erythrocyte to maintain adequate levels of ATP may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of the hemolytic process.

Erythrokinetic studies on baboons (Papio anubis) with acute experimental schistosomiasis mansoni

1977 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. H. Holmes ◽  
E. R. James ◽  
J. M. Maclean ◽  
G. S. Nelson ◽  
M. G. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Blood Loss ◽  
Cell Survival ◽  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Papio Anubis ◽  
Schistosomiasis Mansoni ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Circulating Volume ◽  
Faecal Blood Loss

ABSTRACTThe erythrokinetics of three baboons were studied over a twelve week period after infection with 3 000 cercariae of S. mansoni and compared with three uninfected control animals. In addition to monitoring changes in haematological and parasitological parameters several radioisotopic techniques were used concurrently to measure alterations in red cell kinetics. In particular 51Cr-labelled red cells and 59Fe-ferric citrate were used to measure red cell production, circulating volume, survival time and routes of loss.All the animals remained in good condition despite heavy infection and the pathophysiological changes were in general mild and transient in nature. The principle alterations were associated with patency and consisted of a modest fall in haematocrit, some inappetence and the appearance of blood-stained mucus in the faeces. Red cell survival was reduced in the infected animals and this was correlated with an increase in faecal blood loss and haemodilution. There was no evidence of haemolytic factors or depressed erythropoiesis having any aetiological role in the anaemia.The results confirmed the complexities of schistosomal anaemia as well as the ability of primates to withstand heavy parasitic burdens for short periods with minimal pathophysiological disturbance.

scholarly journals Novel roles for erythroid Ankyrin-1 revealed through an ENU-induced null mouse mutant

Blood ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 113 (14) ◽  
pp. 3352-3362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Rank ◽  
Rosemary Sutton ◽  
Vikki Marshall ◽  
Rachel J. Lundie ◽  
Jacinta Caddy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Null Mouse ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Ideal Model ◽  
Red Cell Membrane ◽  
Tissue Iron ◽  
Red Cell Survival ◽  
Hypomorphic Alleles ◽  
Erythroid Development

AbstractInsights into the role of ankyrin-1 (ANK-1) in the formation and stabilization of the red cell cytoskeleton have come from studies on the nb/nb mice, which carry hypomorphic alleles of Ank-1. Here, we revise several paradigms established in the nb/nb mice through analysis of an N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)–induced Ank-1–null mouse. Mice homozygous for the Ank-1 mutation are profoundly anemic in utero and most die perinatally, indicating that Ank-1 plays a nonredundant role in erythroid development. The surviving pups exhibit features of severe hereditary spherocytosis (HS), with marked hemolysis, jaundice, compensatory extramedullary erythropoiesis, and tissue iron overload. Red cell membrane analysis reveals a complete loss of ANK-1 protein and a marked reduction in β-spectrin. As a consequence, the red cells exhibit total disruption of cytoskeletal architecture and severely altered hemorheologic properties. Heterozygous mutant mice, which have wild-type levels of ANK-1 and spectrin in their RBC membranes and normal red cell survival and ultrastructure, exhibit profound resistance to malaria, which is not due to impaired parasite entry into RBC. These findings provide novel insights into the role of Ank-1, and define an ideal model for the study of HS and malarial resistance.

scholarly journals Red-cell ICAM-4 is a ligand for the monocyte/macrophage integrin CD11c/CD18: characterization of the binding sites on ICAM-4

Blood ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 802-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eveliina Ihanus ◽  
Liisa M. Uotila ◽  
Anne Toivanen ◽  
Minna Varis ◽  
Carl G. Gahmberg
Keyword(s):  
Binding Sites ◽  
Functional Role ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Β2 Integrin ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Intercellular adhesion molecule 4 (ICAM-4) is a unique member of the ICAM family because of its specific expression on erythroid cells and ability to interact with several types of integrins expressed on blood and endothelial cells. The first reported receptors for ICAM-4 were CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18. In contrast to these 2, the cellular ligands and the functional role of the third β2 integrin, CD11c/CD18, have not been well defined. Here, we show that ICAM-4 functions as a ligand for the monocyte/macrophage-specific CD11c/CD18. Deletion of the individual immunoglobulin domains of ICAM-4 demonstrated that both its domains contain binding sites for CD11c/CD18. Analysis of a panel of ICAM-4 point mutants identified residues that affected binding to the integrin. By molecular modeling the important residues were predicted to cluster in 2 distinct but spatially close regions of the first domain with an extension to the second domain spatially distant from the other residues. We also identified 2 peptides derived from sequences of ICAM-4 that are capable of modulating the binding to CD11c/CD18. CD11c/CD18 is expressed on macrophages in spleen and bone marrow. Inhibition of erythrophagocytosis by anti–ICAM-4 and anti-integrin antibodies suggests a role for these interactions in removal of senescent red cells.

The orientation of sickle hemoglobin fibers within fascicles

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 400-401
Author(s):  
Christopher A. Miller ◽  
Bridget Carragher ◽  
William A. McDade ◽  
Robert Josephs
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Sickle Cell Anemia ◽  
Relative Orientation ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
High Ph ◽  
Sickle Hemoglobin ◽  
Polar Crystal ◽  
Helical Configuration

Highly ordered bundles of deoxyhemoglobin S (HbS) fibers, termed fascicles, are intermediates in the high pH crystallization pathway of HbS. These fibers consist of 7 Wishner-Love double strands in a helical configuration. Since each double strand has a polarity, the odd number of double strands in the fiber imparts a net polarity to the structure. HbS crystals have a unit cell containing two double strands, one of each polarity, resulting in a net polarity of zero. Therefore a rearrangement of the double strands must occur to form a non-polar crystal from the polar fibers. To determine the role of fascicles as an intermediate in the crystallization pathway it is important to understand the relative orientation of fibers within fascicles. Furthermore, an understanding of fascicle structure may have implications for the design of potential sickling inhibitors, since it is bundles of fibers which cause the red cell distortion responsible for the vaso-occlusive complications characteristic of sickle cell anemia.

Therapeutic role of cell kinetics in acute leukaemia

1978 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 339-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zalmen A. Arlin ◽  
Jerrold Fried ◽  
Bayard D. Clarkson
Keyword(s):  
Acute Leukaemia ◽  
Cell Kinetics ◽  
Therapeutic Role

A ‘Jurist-linguistic’ Reading of the wuḍūʾ Verse (Q. 5:6)

2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 313-282
Author(s):  
ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz Mūsā
Keyword(s):  
The Third

This article sheds light on the role of grammar in understanding legislative texts, with reference to the wuḍūʾ verse (Q. 5:6). The first section deals with the issue of washing the elbows along with the feet as part of ritual ablution, and lists the various interpretations of the preposition ilā in the aya, and discusses the grammatical theory used by different fuqahāʾ to support their arguments. The second section tackles how much of the head should be rubbed in ritual ablution, with regard to the use of the preposition bi- in the phrase bi-ruʾūsikum, while the third focuses on the two readings of the phrase arjulakum/arjulikum (‘your feet’) and on passing legislative judgement on whether the feet be washed or just rubbed. The study concludes that lugha and fiqh theory are of mutual importance and together help to clarify legislative judgements, and, on this basis, that jurists should not pass any legislative judgement without referring to language.

The Role of Epicardial Adipose Tissue Lymphocytes in Low-Grade Inflammation and Coronary Artery Disease

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 469-P
Author(s):  
MILOS MRAZ ◽  
ANNA CINKAJZLOVA ◽  
ZDENA LACINOVÁ ◽  
JANA KLOUCKOVA ◽  
HELENA KRATOCHVILOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Epicardial Adipose Tissue ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Low Grade Inflammation

Minangkabau Language Maintenance by the Association of Sei Jaring Community in Medan

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yenita Uswar ◽  
Amrin Saragih ◽  
Tina Mariany Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Danger Level

The objectives of this qualitative research were (1) to identify the factors that affect the Minangkabau language (ML) maintenance in Medan, (2) to discover the parents’ efforts in maintaining ML in Medan and (3) to find out the reason why the speakers have to maintain ML. The souree of data is the nembers of the Association of Sei Jaring Community (Ikatan Warga Sei Jaring: IWS) in Medan. The sample was 10 families including 10 parents and their children. The instruments of this study are a questionnaire and an interview. The questionnaire was used to answer the factors affected the maintenance of ML and how factors affected the maintenance of ML. The interview was used to discover the influence why Minangkabau’s people have to maintain ML. There are four factors in ML maintenance, the parents’ role, the role of family, the intramarriage and homeland visits. After distributing questionnaire and did some interviews it is found that IWS especially for the third generation (children) has the danger level in ML when they communicate to each other. Meanwhile, the data analysis also shows that both fathers and mothers communicate to each other with ML. This condition occurred because of the influence of the environment. Parents have to keep communication and teaching Minangkabau language continuously to their children. so, the young generation can keep the existence of ML for their future. Keywords: Minangkabau Language Maintenance, parents’ efforts, the young generation.

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