Diffusion of Radiodense Contrast Medium Following Perineural Injection of the Deep Branch of the Lateral Plantar Nerve Using Two Different Techniques in Horses: an In Vivo Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (04) ◽  
pp. 235-242
Author(s):  
Federica Cantatore ◽  
Marco Marcatili ◽  
Eleonora Pagliara ◽  
Andrea Bertuglia ◽  
Jonathan Withers
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Medium ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Lateral Plantar Nerve ◽  
Deep Branch ◽  
Perineural Injection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

Abstract Objectives This article evaluates and compares the diffusion pattern of radiopaque contrast medium following perineural analgesia of the deep branch of the lateral plantar nerve performed using two different techniques: weight-bearing or flexed. Study Design This was an in vivo experimental study. Methods Eight horses were enrolled. Perineural injection of the right and left deep branch lateral plantar nerves was performed with a weight-bearing or flexed technique, using radiopaque contrast medium (iohexol). Radiographic evaluation was performed after 5 (T5), 15 (T15) and 30 (T30) minutes. The diffusion of contrast medium was assessed independently by two blinded readers who analysed the extension of the main contrast medium bulk and the maximum diffusion of contrast medium in both proximal and distal directions. The effect of time and technique employed on contrast medium diffusion was assessed using two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures (p  ≤  0.05). Results There was no significant difference in the diffusion of the contrast medium between the two techniques at T15. However, at T30 the weight-bearing technique resulted in a significantly increased diffusion in the proximal direction (p = 0.02). In one case, belonging to the weight-bearing group, contrast medium was identified within the tarsal sheath. There was no evidence of contrast medium in the tarsometatarsal joint of any horse, regardless of the technique used. Conclusions The two techniques resulted in a similar diffusion at T15. However, the use of a weight-bearing technique resulted in a significant increase in proximal contrast medium diffusion 30 minutes after injection.

scholarly journals In vivo exploration of synaptic projections in frontotemporal dementia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Salmon ◽  
Mohamed Ali Bahri ◽  
Alain Plenevaux ◽  
Guillaume Becker ◽  
Alain Seret ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Frontotemporal Dementia ◽  
Input Function ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Social Brain ◽  
Synaptic Density ◽  
Clinical Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Right

AbstractThe purpose of this exploratory research is to provide data on synaptopathy in the behavioral variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD). Twelve patients with probable bvFTD were compared to 12 control participants and 12 patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Loss of synaptic projections was assessed with [18F]UCBH-PET. Total distribution volume was obtained with Logan method using carotid artery derived input function. Neuroimages were analyzed with SPM12. Verbal fluency, episodic memory and awareness of cognitive impairment were equally impaired in patients groups. Compared to controls, [18F]UCBH uptake tended to decrease in the right anterior parahippocampal gyrus of bvFTD patients. Loss of synaptic projections was observed in the right hippocampus of AD participants, but there was no significant difference in [18F]UCBH brain uptake between patients groups. Anosognosia for clinical disorder was correlated with synaptic density in the caudate nucleus and the anteromedial prefrontal cortex. This study suggests that synaptopathy in bvFTD targets the temporal social brain and self-referential processes.

scholarly journals Titanium Acetabular Component Deformation under Cyclic Loading

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Nicholas A. Beckmann ◽  
Rudi G. Bitsch ◽  
Theresa Bormann ◽  
Steffen Braun ◽  
Sebastian Jaeger
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Acetabular Defect ◽  
Acetabular Cup ◽  
Partial Weight Bearing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Partial Weight ◽  
Acetabular Components ◽  
Best Fit

Acetabular cup deformation may affect liner/cup congruency, clearance and/or osseointegration. It is unclear, whether deformation of the acetabular components occurs during load and to what extent. To evaluate this, revision multi-hole cups were implanted into six cadaver hemipelvises in two scenarios: without acetabular defect (ND); with a large acetabular defect (LD) that was treated with an augment. In the LD scenario, the cup and augment were attached to the bone and each other with screws. Subsequently, the implanted hemipelvises were loaded under a physiologic partial-weight-bearing modality. The deformation of the acetabular components was determined using a best-fit algorithm. The statistical evaluation involved repeated-measures ANOVA. The mean elastic distension of the ND cup was 292.9 µm (SD 12.2 µm); in the LD scenario, 43.7 µm (SD 11.2 µm); the mean maximal augment distension was 79.6 µm (SD 21.6 µm). A significant difference between the maximal distension of the cups in both scenarios was noted (F(1, 10) = 11.404; p = 0.007). No significant difference was noted between the compression of the ND and LD cups, nor between LD cups and LD augments. The LD cup displayed significantly lower elastic distension than the ND cup, most likely due to increased stiffness from the affixed augment and screw fixation.

scholarly journals Uji Aktivitas Ekstrak Pericarp Kulit Buah Manggis Terpurifikasi Dalam Penyembuhan Luka Eksisi

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 134-138
Author(s):  
Dira Dira ◽  
Yanuarista Yanuarista ◽  
Ria Afrianti
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
General Linear ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Excision Wound ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference

Alfa mangostin memiliki berbagai macam bioaktivitas dan merupakan major compound dalam eksrak kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.), alfa mangostin memiliki aktivitas sebagai antioksidan, antiinflamasi dan antibakteri sehingga berperan dalam proses penyembuhan luka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati aktivitas ekstrak pericarp kulit buah manggis terpurifikasi yang mengandung > 90% alfa-mangostin dalam penyembuhan luka eksisi pada mencit putih jantan secara in vivo. Paramater yang diukur adalah persentase penyembuhan luka eksisi, waktu epitelisasi dan kerapatan serabut kolagen. Mencit dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, dimana kelompok I merupakan kelompok kontrol negatif (-) yang hanya diberi sediaan suspensi Na CMC 1%, sedangkan kelompok II merupakan kelompok perlakuan yang diberi sediaan suspensi ekstrak dengan konsentrasi 1%. Pada hari ke-5, ke-10 dan ke-15 diukur persentase penyembuhan luka dan diamati waktu epitelisasi serta kerapatan serabut kolagen. Hasil penelitian dari persentase penyembuhan luka dan waktu epitelisasi yang dianalisa dengan uji General Linear Model Repeated Measures memberikan perbedaan secara nyata (p<0,05), sedangkan untuk pengamatan serabut kolagen menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan secara nyata (p>0,05) dan untuk waktu epitelisasi yang diuji menggunakan uji T Independent Sample memberikan perbedaan secara nyata (p<0,05), maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak terpurifikasi dapat memberikan efek dalam penyembuhan luka eksisi pada mencit.   Alfa mangosteen is a major compound of mangosteen extract cortex and  hasvarious bioactivities, such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial so that can be used as wound healing. This research aimed to evaluate the activity of Purified Mangosteen Pericarp Fruit Cortex which contained alfa mangosteen > 90% as excision wound healing  agent in male mice by in vivo study. The parameters observed were Excision wound healing, epithelialization time and collagen fiber density. Mice were divided into two groups, group I was the negative control group (-) which was only received 1% Na CMC suspension, while group II was the treatment group received 1 % extract suspension.  On the 5th, 10th and 15th days the percentage of wound healing was measured and the epithelialization time and density of collagen fibers was observed.The results of the percentage of wound healing and epithelialization time evaluation which were analyzed by the General Linear Repeated Measures test showed a significant differences (p <0.05), whereas observation of collagen fibers showed no significant differences (p> 0.05) and analysis of epithelialization time using Independent Sample T test showed a significant difference (p <0.05), it can be concluded that purified extract has excision wounds healing effect in mice.

Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Success of Two commercially Available Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 557-563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radhika Muppa ◽  
NCh Srinivas ◽  
K Naveen ◽  
Veerakishore K Reddy ◽  
VC Rebecca
Keyword(s):  
Primary Teeth ◽  
Statistical Evaluation ◽  
Mineral Trioxide Aggregate ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Biological Method ◽  
Pulp Chamber ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cotton Pellet ◽  
Paired T Test

ABSTRACT Aim The aim of this study is to evaluate and compare Biodentine and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) as pulpotomy agents by clinical and radiological assessments in primary teeth. Materials and methods In this study, 90 decayed primary molars indicated for pulpotomy were chosen and are divided into two groups. Soft enamel and dentinal caries were removed using spoon excavator. Access opening was done using highspeed cool water handpiece. Normal saline was used to irrigate pulp chamber, later saline moistened cotton pellet was used to obtain hemostasis in both groups. Restorations were placed in respective groups and immediate postoperative radiographs were taken. Follow-ups were done at every 3 months intervals, i.e., 3, 6, 9, and 12 months respectively. Results Statistical evaluation was carried out by using paired t-test which showed no significant difference between the two groups (p ≥ 0.05) with high success rate of 95.5%. Conclusion Pulpotomy with MTA and Biodentine is a reliable biological method for pulp treatment of primary teeth. Clinical significance Mineral trioxide aggregate and Biodentine could be considered as a reliable biological method for pulpotomy of primary teeth. How to cite this article Togaru H, Muppa R, Srinivas NCh, Naveen K, Reddy VK, Rebecca VC. Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Success of Two commercially Available Pulpotomy Agents in Primary Teeth: An in vivo Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(7):557-563.

Diffusion of contrast medium after perineural injection of the palmar nerves: An in vivo and in vitro study

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. NAGY ◽  
G. BODO ◽  
S. J. DYSON ◽  
F. SZABO ◽  
A. R. S. BARR
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Medium ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Perineural Injection

Albuterol aids resistance exercise in reducing unloading-induced ankle extensor strength losses

2005 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 1705-1711 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Caruso ◽  
John Hamill ◽  
Miki Yamauchi ◽  
Dean Mercado ◽  
Tim Cook ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Average Power ◽  
Cross Sectional Area ◽  
Sectional Area ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference

While resistance exercise (REX) reduces ankle extensor (AE) mass and strength deficits during short-term unloading; additional treatments, concurrently administered with REX, are required to attenuate the greater losses seen with longer unloading periods. Subjects performed left leg REX, which otherwise refrained from ambulatory and weight-bearing activity for 40 days, while randomized to a capsule (placebo, albuterol) dosing regimen with no crossover to note whether albuterol helps REX mitigate unloading-induced AE losses. A third group of subjects served as unloaded controls. On days 0, 20, and 40, the following data were collected from the left leg: calf cross-sectional area and AE strength measures. Cross-sectional area was estimated using anthropometric methodology, whereas AE strength data were obtained from eight unilateral calf-press repetitions on an inertial-based REX device. Repeated-measures mixed-factorial 3 × 3 analyses of covariance, with day 0 values as a covariate, revealed group × time interactions for the strength variables eccentric total work (ETW) and average power (EAP). Tukey's honestly significant difference shows REX-placebo subjects incurred significant ETW and EAP losses by day 40, whereas the REX-albuterol treatment evoked strength gains to those same variables without concurrent muscle accretion. Corresponding concentric variables did not display similar changes. Day 40 control data significantly declined for many variables; relative to the REX-albuterol treatment, some losses were significant after 20 days. ETW and EAP gains to unloaded AE may be due to one or more mechanisms. Continued research identifying mechanisms responsible for such changes, as well as the safety of REX-albuterol administration in other models, is warranted.

scholarly journals Hallux Motion

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011417S0001
Author(s):  
Collin Barber ◽  
Alex McLaren ◽  
Paulo Castaneda ◽  
Dor Shoshan
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Stance Phase ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Electromagnetic Sensors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Angular Data ◽  
Restrict Movement ◽  
Immobilization Device ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree

Category: Bunion, Trauma, Other Introduction/Purpose: Immobilization is required for management of acute and chronic pathologic states of the hallux metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joint. Traditionally, this was performed using physician applied custom splint or cast and achieved a high degree of immobilization. Braces and orthotics are becoming less expensive and have several advantages, such as light weight and convenience in removal. However, this may come at the expense of ability to restrict movement. We hypothesize that generic braces will provide as much immobilization as custom applied plaster splints. Methods: Healthy volunteers were instrumented with electromagnetic sensors over bony prominences of the right foot. Range of motion exercises and activities of daily living were performed without an immobilization device. The same procedure was repeated with each of three immobilization devices: a post-operative shoe, a walking boot, and a custom applied plaster splint. Position and angular data were collected to determine range of motion primarily of the hallux MTP joint. This study was approved by the hospital IRB Results: Compared to baseline, all three immobilization devices significantly reduced range of motion at the MTP joint in non- weight bearing with the ankle in dorsiflexion and plantarflexion (p<0.05). There was no significant difference detected between the devices. There was no significant difference in hallux motion during the standing exercise in any of the immobilization devices compared to baseline. During stance phase of gait, all three devices reduced range of motion at the MTP joint compared to baseline (p<0.05), though there was no statistically significant difference between devices. Conclusion: Consistent with the hypothesis, data from this study show that all both generic devices and the physician applied splint reduced range of motion compared to baseline. Unfortunately, the study was not powered enough to detect significant differences between the devices, though there was a trend towards the walking boot providing more immobilization.

Radiographic Evaluation of Medial Opening-Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy Using a New Internal Fixator with a Wedge-Shaped Spacer Block

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinichiro Okimura ◽  
Atsushi Teramoto ◽  
Kota Watanabe ◽  
Satoshi Nuka ◽  
Tomoaki Kamiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Tibial Osteotomy ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Internal Fixator ◽  
Radiographic Evaluation ◽  
Tibial Osteotomy ◽  
Opening Wedge ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Wedge High Tibial Osteotomy

AbstractWe developed a new internal fixator: a rigid T-shaped plate with locking screws and wedge-shaped spacer block for high tibial osteotomy. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the radiographic outcome of opening-wedge high tibial osteotomy (OWHTO) using this new internal fixator. Sixty OWHTOs were performed in patients with medial compartment osteoarthritis and varus deformity (28 males and 23 females). Patients' mean age was 60.4 years. Preoperative and postoperative radiographs were obtained. The paired t-test was used to evaluate the differences over time with respect to radiographic variables. Union of the osteotomy gap was obtained in all patients, and no implant breakage was found. On anterior–posterior radiographs, a significant difference was observed (p < 0.01) between the preoperative and postoperative mean values of femorotibial angles (179.6 ± 3.2 vs. 170.6 ± 2.5 degrees), weight-bearing line ratios (23.8 ± 13.5 vs. 60.5 ± 11.5%), anatomical medial proximal tibial angles (84.8 ± 2.5 vs. 91.0 ± 2.6 degrees), and joint line coverage angles (3.6 ± 2.0 vs. 2.4 ± 1.7 degrees). On lateral radiographs, posterior tibial slopes were 11.5 ± 3.9 degrees preoperatively and 12.2 ± 4.0 degrees postoperatively (p < 0.01), and Insall–Salvati ratios were 1.04 ± 0.12 preoperatively and 1.06 ± 0.13 postoperatively (p = 0.24). Performing OWHTO using a new internal fixator with a wedge-shaped spacer achieves adequate correction of lower limb alignment without implant-related complications. This is a Level IV, case series study.

scholarly journals In VivoDetection of the Effect of Electroacupuncture on “Zusanli” Acupoint in Rats with Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis through Optical Coherence Tomography

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huiqing Zhong ◽  
Hui Yang ◽  
Yan Zhou ◽  
Zhouyi Guo ◽  
Xiuli Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Adjuvant Induced Arthritis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Zusanli Acupoint ◽  
The Right

This study aimed to investigate the effect of electroacupuncture (EA) treatment through optical coherence tomography (OCT)in vivoon rats with adjuvant-induced arthritis. OCT images were obtained from the ankle of the right hind paws of the rats in control, model, and EA groups before modelling and 1 day, 8 days, 15 days, 22 days, and 29 days after modelling. Results demonstrated that the OCT signal of the ankle of the right hind paws of the rats was indistinct compared to 1 day after modelling and before modelling in the EA group. In the EA group, the light averaged attenuation coefficients of the ankle tissues decreased as treatment duration was prolonged after EA was administered (3.43, 2.96, 2.61, 2.42, and 2.29 mm−1, resp.). There was a significant difference in attenuation coefficient decrease between the 29th d and the 1st d for EA group compared with control group (P<0.01). This condition indicated that the light absorption of the ankle of the treated rats in the EA group decreased. Therefore, OCT can be used to monitor the effect of treatment on rats with arthritisin vivo.

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