Prevalence of Accessory Branches and Other Anatomical Variations in the Radial Artery Encountered during Radial Forearm Flap Harvest: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (09) ◽  
pp. 651-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryan D. Hoffman ◽  
Denise M. Danos ◽  
Samuel J. Lin ◽  
Frank H. Lau ◽  
Peter S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Radial Forearm Flap ◽  
Anatomical Variants ◽  
Radial Forearm ◽  
Allen Test

Abstract Background Harvest of the radial forearm flap (RFF) for reconstructive surgery is proceeded by the Allen test to assess for adequate contralateral perfusion of the hand, yet the Allen test may fail to detect anatomical variations in the radial artery such as aberrant branching. Therefore, the goal of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding anatomical abnormalities of the radial artery that can affect flap harvest and to perform a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of such abnormalities. Methods A systematic review of the literature was conducted using five online databases to identify all instances of radial artery anatomical variations. Abstracts were reviewed and categorized into either (1) large cohort studies of anatomical variations identified by angiogram or (2) case reports specifically mentioning anomalous or accessory branches of the radial artery. Data from the large cohort studies were included in a random effect meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of such variations. Results Eighteen angiogram cohort studies containing a total of 18,115 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Accessory branches were the least common anatomical variant reported, with an estimated average prevalence of 0.5%. Prevalence estimates for more common anatomical variants, including radial artery loops (0.9%), stenosis (1.3%), hypoplasia (1.9%), tortuosity (4.3%), and abnormal origin (5.6%), were also calculated. Thirteen case reports detailing anomalous branches of the radial artery were identified, seven of which involved accessory branches encountered during RFF harvest with no incidence of flap loss. Conclusion Radial artery accessory branches are exceedingly rare, but the prevalence of other anatomical variations that can affect harvest of the RFF warrants consideration. We recommend surgeons consider comprehensive screening prior to RFF harvest to avoid intraoperative discovery of anatomical variants and suggest a low threshold for repeat perfusion testing intraoperatively if radial artery accessory branches are encountered.

scholarly journals Spectrum of Neurologic Complications after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation for Hematologic Diseases in Adults: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Blood ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 134 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 5692-5692
Author(s):  
Maria Gavriilaki ◽  
Maria Mainou ◽  
Eleni Gavriilaki ◽  
Anna-Bettina Haidich ◽  
Sotirios Papagiannopoulos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neurologic Complications ◽  
Hematologic Diseases ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Impact On Survival

Introduction: Neurologic adverse events remain challenging complications with poor morbidity and mortality post adult allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) for hematologic diseases. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine their spectrum, incidence and impact on survival. Methods: We searched MEDLINE, COCHRANE, EMBASE through March 2019 for studies published in English. We deemed eligible all types of primary studies including randomized controlled trials (RCTs), controlled observational studies (both cohort and case control), case series and case reports. The eligibility criteria were: (a) adult population specified as patients fifteen years old or older, (b) alloHCT for hematologic diseases, (c) neurologic disorders' diagnosis. Two independent reviewers screened, extracted data and assessed risk of bias (RoB). The primary outcome being the incidence of neurologic complications was assessed in a form of a proportion of adult patients with the neurologic manifestation (n) from the total group of patients that received alloHCT for hematologic diseases (N). We performed a random-effects meta-analysis of proportions using the Freeman-Tukey double arcsine transformation, including only cohort studies. Secondary outcome was impact of neurologic complications on overall survival of patients presented with symptoms after allo-HCT. Pre-planned sensitivity analysis integrating the risk of bias assessment by excluding studies evaluated as high risk was performed as well as prespecified subgroup analyses according to the type of neurologic event. Results: We identified 552 eligible studies describing 57.972 patients; one randomized controlled trial, two case-control, 17 prospective, 86 retrospective cohort studies, 21 case-series and 425 case-reports (PRISMA flow diagram). RoB ranged from fair to high although case-series were of low-risk. The majority of studies traced infectious or drug-related neurologic manifestations. Incidence rates of neurologic complications varied, according to type of complications and studies, from 0.6% for immune-mediated disorders in retrospective cohorts to 13% for drug-related events in prospective cohorts. In meta-analysis of proportions, we included only cohort studies, retrospective or prospective, with homogenous population to estimate a proportion. Neurologic clinical signs or symptoms were detected in 1415 out of 37450 [6.2% (95%CI 4.8-7.7), Ι2= 96.1% (p<0.001)] patients described in 78 included cohort studies. Heterogeneity of results remained high, even after sensitivity analysis excluding studies of high RoB. Infectious complications were present in 2.7% (95%CI 1.9-3.6) and 3.3% (95%CI 0.8-7.1) of patients in retrospective and prospective cohort studies respectively. In retrospective studies, 3.4% (95%CI 2.1-4.9) of patients suffered from drug-related neurologic events. In prospective cohorts, the equivalent incidence was 13% (95%CI 4.2-24.8). Other neurologic complications included cerebrovascular events, thrombotic microangiopathy, immune-mediated complications, relapse and metabolic events. Regarding the severity of neurologic complications and death rate in patients with outcome of interest, data were too diverse to provide any safe conclusion. Neurologic complications had a detrimental impact on survival depending on type of complication in various studies. Based on study type, high RoB in most of the included studies, as well as significant heterogeneity in results from observational data, high imprecision and suspected publication bias, quality of evidence was very low applying the GRADE tool. Conclusion: Our study highlights the wide spectrum and significant impact of neurologic complications on survival post alloHCT. This systematic review summarizes existing data and provides the necessary background information for every physician involved in the management of these patients. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Mechanical thrombectomy in pediatric stroke: systematic review, individual patient data meta-analysis, and case series

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 558-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kartik Bhatia ◽  
Hans Kortman ◽  
Christopher Blair ◽  
Geoffrey Parker ◽  
David Brunacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Acute Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Mechanical Thrombectomy ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Neurological Outcomes

OBJECTIVEThe role of mechanical thrombectomy in pediatric acute ischemic stroke is uncertain, despite extensive evidence of benefit in adults. The existing literature consists of several recent small single-arm cohort studies, as well as multiple prior small case series and case reports. Published reports of pediatric cases have increased markedly since 2015, after the publication of the positive trials in adults. The recent AHA/ASA Scientific Statement on this issue was informed predominantly by pre-2015 case reports and identified several knowledge gaps, including how young a child may undergo thrombectomy. A repeat systematic review and meta-analysis is warranted to help guide therapeutic decisions and address gaps in knowledge.METHODSUsing PRISMA-IPD guidelines, the authors performed a systematic review of the literature from 1999 to April 2019 and individual patient data meta-analysis, with 2 independent reviewers. An additional series of 3 cases in adolescent males from one of the authors’ centers was also included. The primary outcomes were the rate of good long-term (mRS score 0–2 at final follow-up) and short-term (reduction in NIHSS score by ≥ 8 points or NIHSS score 0–1 at up to 24 hours post-thrombectomy) neurological outcomes following mechanical thrombectomy for acute ischemic stroke in patients < 18 years of age. The secondary outcome was the rate of successful angiographic recanalization (mTICI score 2b/3).RESULTSThe authors’ review yielded 113 cases of mechanical thrombectomy in 110 pediatric patients. Although complete follow-up data are not available for all patients, 87 of 96 (90.6%) had good long-term neurological outcomes (mRS score 0–2), 55 of 79 (69.6%) had good short-term neurological outcomes, and 86 of 98 (87.8%) had successful angiographic recanalization (mTICI score 2b/3). Death occurred in 2 patients and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in 1 patient. Sixteen published thrombectomy cases were identified in children < 5 years of age.CONCLUSIONSMechanical thrombectomy may be considered for acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion (ICA terminus, M1, basilar artery) in patients aged 1–18 years (Level C evidence; Class IIb recommendation). The existing evidence base is likely affected by selection and publication bias. A prospective multinational registry is recommended as the next investigative step.

scholarly journals Risk of colectomy after conservative treatment of diverticulitis of the left hemicolon complicated by abdominal or pelvic abscess: protocol of a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e042350
Author(s):  
Maximilian Sohn ◽  
Ayman Agha ◽  
Igors Iesalnieks ◽  
Anna Tiefes ◽  
Alfred Hochrein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Emergency Surgery ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Acute Diverticulitis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Pelvic Abscess ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Review Manager

IntroductionAcute diverticulitis of the sigmoid colon is increasingly treated by a non-operative approach. The need for colectomy after recovery from a flare of acute diverticulitis of the left colon, complicated diverticular abscess is still controversial. The primary aim of this study is to assess the risk of interval emergency surgery by systematic review and meta-analysis.Methods and analysisThe systematic review and meta-analysis will be conducted in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols statement. PubMed/MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE will be screened for the predefined searching term: (Diverticulitis OR Diverticulum) AND (Abscess OR pelvic abscess OR pericolic abscess OR intraabdominal abscess) AND (surgery OR operation OR sigmoidectomy OR drainage OR percutaneous drainage OR conservative therapy OR watchful waiting). All studies published in an English or German-speaking peer-reviewed journal will be suitable for this analysis. Case reports, case series of less than five patients, studies without follow-up information, systematic and non-systematic reviews and meta-analyses will be excluded. Primary endpoint is the rate of interval emergency surgery. Using the Review Manager Software (Review Manager/RevMan, V.5.3, Copenhagen, The Nordic Cochrane Centre, The Cochrane Collaboration, 2012) meta-analysis will be pooled using the Mantel-Haenszel method for random effects. The Risk of Bias in Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool will be used to assess methodological quality of non-randomised studies. Risk of bias in randomised studies will be assessed using the Cochrane developed RoB 2-tool.Ethics and disseminationAs no new data are being collected, ethical approval is exempt for this study. This systematic review is to provide a new insight on the need for surgical treatment after a first attack of acute diverticulitis, complicated by intra-abdominal or pelvic abscesses. The results of this study will be presented at national and international meetings and published in a peer-reviewed journal.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42020164813.

scholarly journals Non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus and the risk of virus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Lontchi-Yimagou ◽  
Charly Feutseu ◽  
Sebastien Kenmoe ◽  
Alexandra Lindsey Djomkam Zune ◽  
Solange Fai Kinyuy Ekali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
H1n1 Virus ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Autoimmune Diabetes Mellitus

AbstractA significant number of studies invoked diabetes as a risk factor for virus infections, but the issue remains controversial. We aimed to examine whether non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus enhances the risk of virus infections compared with the risk in healthy individuals without non-autoimmune diabetes mellitus. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed case-control and cohort studies on the association between non-autoimmune diabetes and viruses. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science with no language restriction, to identify articles published until February 15, 2021. The main outcome assessment was the risk of virus infection in individuals with non-autoimmune diabetes. We used a random-effects model to pool individual studies and assessed heterogeneity (I2) using the χ2 test on Cochrane’s Q statistic. This study is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42019134142. Out of 3136 articles identified, we included 68 articles (90 studies, as the number of virus and or diabetes phenotype varied between included articles). The summary OR between non-autoimmune diabetes and virus infections risk were, 10.8(95% CI: 10.3–11.4; 1-study) for SARS-CoV-2; 3.6(95%CI: 2.7–4.9, I2 = 91.7%; 43-studies) for HCV; 2.7(95% CI: 1.3–5.4, I2 = 89.9%, 8-studies;) for HHV8; 2.1(95% CI: 1.7–2.5; 1-study) for H1N1 virus; 1.6(95% CI: 1.2–2.13, I2 = 98.3%, 27-studies) for HBV; 1.5(95% CI: 1.1–2.0; 1-study) for HSV1; 3.5(95% CI: 0.6–18.3 , I2 = 83.9%, 5-studies) for CMV; 2.9(95% CI: 1–8.7, 1-study) for TTV; 2.6(95% CI: 0.7–9.1, 1-study) for Parvovirus B19; 0.7(95% CI: 0.3–1.5 , 1-study) for coxsackie B virus; and 0.2(95% CI: 0–6.2; 1-study) for HGV. Our findings suggest that, non-autoimmune diabetes is associated with increased susceptibility to viruses especially SARS-CoV-2, HCV, HHV8, H1N1 virus, HBV and HSV1. Thus, these viruses deserve more attention from diabetes health-care providers, researchers, policy makers, and stakeholders for improved detection, overall proper management, and efficient control of viruses in people with non-autoimmune diabetes.

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