Der LD50-Test an Honigbienen: Eine Stärken-Schwächen-Analyse und Verbesserungsvorschläge

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
PP Hoppe
Keyword(s):  
Ld50 Test

165 Acute toxicity: Alternatives to the LD50 test

2003 ◽  
Vol 144 ◽  
pp. s47
Author(s):  
C. Longobardi ◽  
V. Pacelli ◽  
A.Argentino Storino
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Ld50 Test

Dialogue and Collaboration: A Personal View on Laboratory Animal Welfare Developments in General, and on ECVAM's First Decade in Particular

2002 ◽  
Vol 30 (2_suppl) ◽  
pp. 207-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herman B.W.M. Koëter
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Animal Testing ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Personal View ◽  
Ld50 Test ◽  
The Three Rs ◽  
Regulatory Acceptance

A personal view is presented on progress made during the last 25 years in applying the Three Rs ( reduction, refinement, replacement) to animal testing in regulatory toxicology, with an emphasis on “good moments” (for example, international workshops on the principles and practical application of the validation process and on regulatory acceptance) and “not-so-good moments” (for example, the time taken to accept alternatives to the LD50 test and to accept in vitro tests for skin absorption as OECD Test Guidelines). The importance of dialogue and cooperation between international coordinating centres and scientific activities at the national level is stressed, as exemplified by the work of ECVAM during its first decade.

scholarly journals Alternative Methods for the Median Lethal Dose (LD50) Test: The Up-and-Down Procedure for Acute Oral Toxicity

ILAR Journal ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-243 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rispin ◽  
D. Farrar ◽  
E. Margosches ◽  
K. Gupta ◽  
K. Stitzel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lethal Dose ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Median Lethal Dose ◽  
Ld50 Test

The international validation of a fixed-dose procedure as an alternative to the classical LD50 test

1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (7) ◽  
pp. 469-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.J. van den Heuvel ◽  
D.G. Clark ◽  
R.J. Fielder ◽  
P.P. Koundakjian ◽  
G.J.A. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Ld50 Test

scholarly journals Assessment of Cytotoxicity, Fetotoxicity, and Teratogenicity ofPlathymenia reticulataBenth Barks Aqueous Extract

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia de Barros Leite Albuquerque ◽  
Cháriston André Dal Belo ◽  
Marcio Galdino dos Santos ◽  
Patricia Santos Lopes ◽  
Marli Gerenutti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Reproductive Toxicity ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Skeletal Analysis ◽  
Ld50 Test

Scientific assessment of harmful interactions of chemicals over the entire reproductive cycle are divided into three segments based on the period: from premating and mating to implantation (I), from implantation to major organogenesis (II), and late pregnancy and postnatal development (III). We combined the segments I and II to assessPlathymenia reticulataaqueous extract safety. In order to investigate reproductive toxicity (segment I), pregnant rats received orally 0.5 or 1.0 g/kg of extract, daily, during 18 days. These concentrations were determined by a preliminaryin vitroLD50 test in CHO-k1 cells. A control group received deionized water. The offspring was removed at the 19th day, by caesarean, and a teratology study (segment II) was carried out. The corpora lutea, implants, resorptions, live, and dead fetuses were then counted. Placenta and fetuses were weighted. External and visceral morphology were provided by the fixation of fetuses in Bouin, whereas skeletal analysis was carried out on the diaphanizated ones. The increase in the weights of placenta and fetuses was the only abnormality observed. Since there was no sign of alteration on reproduction parameters at our experimental conditions, we conclude thatP. reticulataaqueous extract is safe at 0.5 to 1.0 g/kg and is not considered teratogenic.

Biological Parameters and the Acute LD50 Test

1976 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 734-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Sperling ◽  
Joseph L McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Collaborative Studies ◽  
Sites Of Action ◽  
Ld50 Test

Abstract The acute LD50 is an inadequate index of toxicity because the catastrophe of death obscures the mechanisms and sites of action. Thus, nonlethal toxicity is not evaluated, and the LD50 is not extrapolated to the possible effects of low level exposures for long periods of time. Collaborative studies should be undertaken which would develop methods to reasonably permit such evaluation and extrapolation.

scholarly journals The Current Scientific and Legal Status of Alternative Methods to the LD50 Test for Botulinum Neurotoxin Potency Testing

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Adler ◽  
Gerd Bicker ◽  
Hans Bigalke ◽  
Christopher Bishop ◽  
Jörg Blümel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Neurotoxin ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Ld50 Test

Lack of Predictivity of the Rat Lethality (LD50) Test for Ecological and Human Health Effects

2005 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert S. Rosenkranz ◽  
Albert R. Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Ld50 Value ◽  
Human Health Effects ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ld50 Test

The relationship between acute toxicity in rats (LD50 values) and indicators of potential health hazards in humans was investigated, based on a chemical population-based paradigm (i.e. the “chemical diversity approach”). These structure–activity relationship-based analyses indicate that high toxicity in rats (i.e. a low LD50 value) is not a good predictor of health effects in humans. In fact, it was found that high acute toxicity to minnows, as well as toxicity to cultured cells, showed significantly greater associations with the potential for health effects than rat LD50 values.

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