scholarly journals Psychiatric Assessment and Management of Clients Undergoing Cosmetic Surgery: Overview and Need for an Integrated Approach

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharmi Bascarane ◽  
Pooja P. Kuppili ◽  
Vikas Menon
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
English Language ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Psychiatric Assessment ◽  
Postsurgical Outcomes

Abstract Background Psychiatric disorders are more common among people undergoing cosmetic procedures than the general population and evaluating mental health can be cumbersome for plastic surgeons. We aim to summarize the available literature in this regard and propose an integrated approach to psychiatric assessment and management of mental health issues among this group. Methods Electronic search of MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and PsycINFO databases was done to identify relevant peer-reviewed English language articles from inception till April 2020. Generated abstracts were screened for their eligibility. Included articles were grouped according to their thematic focus under the following headings; prevalence of psychiatric morbidity among clients posted for cosmetic surgery, assessment tools, and management of psychiatric morbidity in relation to undergoing cosmetic surgery. Results A total of 120 articles were reviewed. The prevalence of psychiatric disorder in patients undergoing cosmetic surgery was 4 to 57% for body dysmorphic disorder (BDD); the corresponding figures for depression, anxiety, and personality disorder were 4.8 to 25.8, 10.8 to 22, and 0 to 53%, respectively. A range of tools have been used to assess these disorders and specific measures are also available to assess clinical outcomes following surgery. Screening for these disorders is essential to prevent unnecessary surgical procedures, as well as to ensure timely management of the psychiatric comorbidity. Conclusion Psychiatric morbidity is a common concomitant in cosmetic surgery. A structured and integrated approach to evaluation and management of psychiatric morbidity will help to optimize postsurgical outcomes.

scholarly journals An Integrated Approach to Deal with Mental Health Issues of Children and Adolescent during COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mousumi Sethy ◽  
Reshmi Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Mental Health Issues

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has left few countries untouched. It is a far-reaching implication on humankind, with children and adolescents, being no exception. Although the prevalence and fatality are negligible among children, a possible impact on their psychological and mental health cannot be disregarded. The unprecedented change in the way of living is bound to be having some psychological consequences on children and adolescents. The experiences gathered in childhood and adolescence are known to contribute to shaping the physical, emotional, and social well-being in adult life. Children are highly susceptible to environmental stressors. The present situation has the potential of adversely affecting the physical and mental well-being of children. To save the children from the long term consequences of this pandemic, a holistic approach integrating biological, psychological, social and spiritual methods of enhancing mental health have become essential. A concerted effort of government, Non Government Organisations (NGOs), parents, teachers, schools, psychologists, counselors and physicians are required to deal with the mental health issues of children and adolescents. This paper discusses the possible role of these agencies in the holistic intervention of this crisis.

scholarly journals Communication Technology Use by Caregivers of Adolescents With Mental Health Issues: Systematic Review

10.2196/13179 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e13179
Author(s):  
Ronelle Jansen ◽  
Marianne Reid
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Communication Technology ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Positive Behavior ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Mental Health Issues

Background Caregivers of adolescents with mental health issues experience challenges that may result in the caregivers having a variety of unmet needs. There is a growing need to support these caregivers. Effective support to strengthen positive caregiving behavior in caregivers may address their challenges. Communication technologies offer novel opportunities to assist these caregivers and may contribute to strengthening caregiver behavior. However, little is known about the use of communication technologies among caregivers of adolescents with mental health issues. Objective The study aimed to answer the question: “What is the best evidence available to strengthen positive behavior of caregivers of adolescents with mental health issues using communication technology.” Methods A systematic review of articles published between January 2007 and August 2018 was conducted. Searches included articles of multiple study designs from EBSCO Host and Scopus platforms with prespecified eligibility criteria. Methodological quality was evaluated using the applicable Critical Appraisal Skills Programme and Joanna Briggs Institute assessment tools. Results The search yielded 1746 articles. Altogether, 5 articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review for data synthesis. Data analysis and synthesis identified three thematic conclusions reflecting the types of communication technologies used, caregivers as the target population, and strengthening of positive behavior through determinants of the Integrated Model of Behavior Prediction. Conclusions The review reported the usefulness of communication technology by caregivers. Caregivers also demonstrated improvement in self-efficacy, knowledge, parent-child communication, and parental skills reflecting positive behavior. Although the use of communication technology is expanding as a supportive intervention to address caregivers’ needs, the evidence for usefulness among caregivers of adolescents with mental health issues is still scarce. More research and information related to preferred methods of communication delivery among caregivers of adolescents is still needed.

Psychiatric assessment in congenital blindness, ASD and ID: experience from two clinical cases

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 194-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvid Nikolai Kildahl ◽  
Maria Hagen Engebretsen ◽  
Kristin Horndalsveen ◽  
Jane Margrete Askeland Hellerud ◽  
Jorunn Ytrehorn Wiik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Visual Impairment ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Psychiatric Assessment ◽  
Adults With Autism ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Congenital Blindness ◽  
Major Alteration ◽  
Assessment Procedures

Purpose Psychiatric assessment in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and intellectual disability (ID) is complex and challenging. With co-occurring congenital blindness, this complexity is increased. Systematic knowledge about psychiatric assessment in this combination of challenges is virtually non-existing, and there is little guidance available for clinicians faced with this task. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach Experiences from comprehensive psychiatric assessments in two adults with congenital blindness, ASD, and ID are explored and discussed. Findings Adaptation of assessment procedures usually employed for individuals with ASD and ID involved no major alteration, but co-operation between mental health and visual impairment professionals was important, as was the involvement of the families of the individuals in question. In both cases, the patient met criteria for an anxiety disorder, underlining the vulnerability and the challenges involved in living with this combination of challenges. Research limitations/implications There is an urgent need for research into mental health issues for this group, including case studies describing successful treatment or intervention for these issues. Practical implications Psychiatric assessment in individuals with this combination of challenges may be feasible, but requires involvement of professionals specializing in mental health in developmental disabilities, and professionals in visual impairment. Assessments need to be individually adapted. Originality/value This is the first study systematically describing psychiatric assessment in this group involving the use of checklists and assessment tools. Strategies and tools that were useful are described and discussed to aid other clinicians faced with similar challenges.

scholarly journals Outcome of cosmetic surgery and ‘DIY’ surgery in patients with body dysmorphic disorder

2000 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 218-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Veale
Keyword(s):  
Selection Bias ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Psychiatric Assessment ◽  
The Past

Aims and MethodLittle is known about the outcome of cosmetic surgery in patients with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD). Self-reported outcome was collected on 25 patients with BDD who at the time of psychiatric assessment had reported that they had had cosmetic surgery in the past.ResultsTwenty-five patients with BDD had a total of 46 procedures. The worst outcome was found in those who had had rhinoplasty and those with repeated operations. Mammoplasty and pinnaplasty was associated with higher degrees of satisfaction. Nine patients with BDD, either in desperation at being turned down for cosmetic surgery or because they could not afford it, had performed their own ‘DIY’ surgery in which they attempted by their own hand to alter their appearance dramatically.Clinical ImplicationsCosmetic surgery cannot at present be recommended for patients with BDD. However, patients turned down for surgery or who cannot afford it, may try to alter their appearance by themselves. The study contains a selection bias of patients in favour of treatment failures in cosmetic surgery and prospective studies are required on BDD patients who obtain cosmetic surgery or dermatological treatment.

An Integrated Approach to Veteran and Military Mental Health: An Overview of the Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 225-227
Author(s):  
Mark Creammer ◽  
Bruce Singh
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Department Of Veterans Affairs ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Military Mental Health ◽  
Veteran Status

Objective: To provide an overview of the development of mental health services for veterans and currently serving military personnel in Australia, with reference to the role of the Australian Centre for Posttraumatic Mental Health (ACPMH). Conclusions: Recent years have seen significant changes in attitudes to the mental health sequelae of military service. The ACPMH, working in collaboration with the Department of Veterans’ Affairs (DVA) and the Australian Defence Force (ADF), as well as with clinicians, researchers, and consumers around Australia, acts as a focus for an integrated approach to veteran and military mental health. The active involvement of both the ADF and DVA in the challenge of mental health provides new opportunities to address psychiatric morbidity at every stage, from recruitment, through deployments and discharge, to veteran status. The ACPMH is in a unique position to facilitate an integrated approach to prevention, intervention, policy development, training, research, and evaluation in order to ensure that Australia remains at the forefront of world's best practice in veteran and military psychiatry. The Centre is also uniquely placed to offer those same services in the field of traumatic stress to the broader community.

Hormone replacement therapy: informed consent without assessment?

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (12) ◽  
pp. 824-825 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toni C Saad ◽  
Bruce Philip Blackshaw ◽  
Daniel Rodger
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽  
Informed Consent ◽  
Health Professional ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Mental Health Professional ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Consent To Medical Treatment

Florence Ashley has argued that requiring patients with gender dysphoria to undergo an assessment and referral from a mental health professional before undergoing hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is unethical and may represent an unconscious hostility towards transgender people. We respond, first, by showing that Ashley has conflated the self-reporting of symptoms with self-diagnosis, and that this is not consistent with the standard model of informed consent to medical treatment. Second, we note that the model of informed consent involved in cosmetic surgery resembles the model Ashley defends, and that psychological assessment and referral is recognised as an important aspect of such a model. Third, we suggest that the increased prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in the transgender population arguably supports the requirement of assessment and referral from a mental health professional prior to undergoing HRT.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on mental health of general population in Kashmir Valley, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 4011
Author(s):  
Feroz Ahmad Wani ◽  
Rifat Jan ◽  
Mudasir Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Risk Estimation ◽  
Psychiatric Morbidity ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
High Level

Background: The high morbidity and morbidity associated with epidemics and disasters and economic losses thereof is a high psychosocial risk. Estimation of the burden of mental health issues and recognition of various risk groups will lead to better allocation of resources to prevent the increased burden of psychiatric morbidity during the epidemic.Methods: This was an online survey conducted during COVID-19 pandemic based on self reporting DASS 21 scale.Results: Among the participants 49.5% had depression, 34.8% had anxiety and 22.3% had stress in varying severity from mild to extremely severe forms. Female gender, less age, high level of education and unemployment were the risk factors for increased psychiatric morbidity.Conclusions: There is a dire need to recognize the mental health threat due to COCID-19 pandemic and implement the steps to protect the vulnerable population from it. 

A Surgeon’s Perspective on Body Dysmorphic Disorder and Recommendations for Surgeons and Mental Health Clinicians

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Farhad B. Naini
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Surgical Outcomes ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Preoperative Diagnosis ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Health Evaluation ◽  
Mental Health Clinicians

This chapter describes the implications of diagnosing, or not diagnosing, and managing patients with body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) from a surgeon’s point of view. BDD is common among patients seeking cosmetic surgery, and surgical outcomes are usually poor. This chapter offers recommendations for surgeons about the importance of preoperative diagnosis, how to inform patients of the need for mental health evaluation, and how to handle a patient when the diagnosis becomes evident only after surgery. Some recommendations for mental health clinicians are discussed from the surgeon’s perspective. A case example is offered.

Assessment of Body Dysmorphic Disorder : Screening, Diagnosis, Severity, and Insight

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine A. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Abuse ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Body Dysmorphic Disorder ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Diagnostic Pitfalls ◽  
Treatment Settings

This chapter discusses assessment of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), including diagnosis and screening as well as potential diagnostic pitfalls and how to avoid them. Measures used to screen for BDD, diagnose BDD, and assess BDD severity and BDD-related insight are reviewed, and guidelines for their use are provided. This chapter also discusses assessment of BDD in children and adolescents and assessment of patients who seek cosmetic procedures (such as surgery or dermatologic treatment) for appearance concerns. Because BDD is common, often severe, and usually missed in clinical settings, clinicians and researchers should routinely screen for BDD. Screening is especially recommended in mental health, substance abuse, dermatology, cosmetic surgery, and other cosmetic treatment settings. It is also important to screen for BDD when patients manifest clues suggesting a possible diagnosis of BDD (e.g., BDD rituals, camouflaging of disliked body areas, and social anxiety or avoidance).

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