scholarly journals Left Frontal Lobe Tumor-Induced Intraoperative Premature Ventricular Beats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parmod K. Bithal ◽  
Ravees Jan ◽  
Bharani Kumar ◽  
Insha ur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gases ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Normal Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Frontal Lobe ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Cardiac Evaluation

AbstractIn the absence of cardiac pathology, premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) in neurosurgical patients frequently accompany subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury, or raised intracranial pressure. PVCs detected during preanesthesia assessment prompts detailed cardiac evaluation. Our 57-year-old patient, a case of left frontal meningioma, with controlled hypertension, diabetes and hypothyroidism, had normal preoperative ECG and potassium. However, immediately on anesthesia induction, she developed multiple refractory to treatment PVCs but with normal blood pressure. Anesthesia, which was maintained with sevoflurane and fentanyl, was deepened to exclude light anesthesia as the cause, without useful outcome. Two lignocaine boluses (100 mg each), followed by its infusion, also proved ineffective. Her blood gases and potassium, checked twice, were normal. Throughout, her hemodynamics remained stable. As soon as tumor was removed, the PVCs disappeared not to return. Her postoperative recovery was uneventful with normal ECG.

DIGITALIS TOLERANCE IN YOUNG PUPPIES

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 46 (5) ◽  
pp. 730-736
Author(s):  
Katherine H. Halloran ◽  
Steven C. Schimpff ◽  
Jean G. Nicolas ◽  
Norman S. Talner
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gases ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Acid Base ◽  
Littermate Control ◽  
Premature Ventricular Contractions ◽  
Toxic Dose ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Base Balance ◽  
The Mean

Tolerance to acetyl strophanthidin, a rapid-acting cardiac aglycone, was determined in 28 anesthetized mongrel puppies, ages 16 to 56 days, and compared to tolerance in 16 littermate puppies in whom acute hypercapnic acidemia was produced. The tolerance was also compared to that of four adult mongrel dogs. The toxic dose was defined as the intravenous amount required to produce four consecutive premature ventricular contractions. A marked variation in the toxic dose was found in the 28 control puppies (range 83 to 353 µg/kg, mean 169 µg/kg) which could not be correlated with age, arterial blood gases or pH, serum potassium or sodium, arterial pressure, or heart rate. The toxic dose was significantly greater in the puppies than in the adult dogs, in whom the mean toxic dose was 64 µg/kg (range 50 to 89 µg/kg). A significant increase in tolerance was also observed in the puppies with hypercapnic acidemia (mean toxic dose 220 µg/kg, range 93 to 375 µg/kg) in comparison to tolerance in the control puppies and despite the wide range of tolerance, each of the puppies with hypercapnic acidemia showed greater tolerance than its littermate control puppy. Assessment of the clinical implications of these findings will require study of the effects of alterations in acid-base balance on the inotropic effect of acetyl strophanthidin in addition to the toxic electrophysiologic effects.

scholarly journals Pre-administration of remifentanil in target-controlled propofol and remifentanil anesthesia prolongs anesthesia induction in neurosurgical patients

Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (3) ◽  
pp. e14144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Hee Ahn ◽  
Doyeon Kim ◽  
Ik Soo Chung ◽  
Jeong Jin Lee ◽  
Eun Kyung Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients

Impact of sporting discipline, gender, ethnicity, and genetics on the athlete’s heart

2019 ◽  
pp. 20-32
Author(s):  
Nabeel Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Athlete’S Heart ◽  
Regular Exercise ◽  
Black Athletes ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Male Athletes ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Cardiac Evaluation ◽  
Response To Exercise ◽  
Athlete's Heart

Participation in regular exercise is associated with several electrical and structural cardiac adaptations collectively termed the ‘athlete’s heart’. The nature and extent of these changes are influenced by several demographic factors, including the sporting discipline, gender, and ethnicity of the athlete. Knowledge of these influences is crucial for the correct interpretation of data from pre-participation cardiac evaluation of athletes and prevention of erroneous diagnoses. The greatest adaptations are usually observed in male athletes, those competing in endurance exercise, and those of African/Afro-Caribbean (black) ethnicity. In particular, much attention has recently been given to cardiac remodelling in black athletes, a significant proportion of whom exhibit profound electrical and structural cardiac changes in response to exercise. Data on the influence of genetic factors on the athlete’s heart are now emerging, which may aid our understanding of the complex mechanisms underlying this process and ultimately help differentiation of normal physiology from cardiac pathology.

scholarly journals Physiological responses of Rhamdia quelen (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) to anesthesia with essential oils from two different chemotypes of Lippia alba

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine de Freitas Souza ◽  
Matheus Dellaméa Baldissera ◽  
Joseânia Salbego ◽  
Jane Mello Lopes ◽  
Rodrigo de Almeida Vaucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gases ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Electrolyte Balance ◽  
Plasma Parameters ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen ◽  
Recovery Times

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate if Lippia alba has different chemotypes according to the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) considering collection site, and if the EO may have different effects on blood and plasma parameters in silver catfish, Rhamdia quelen, during and immediately after anesthesia. The citral (EO-C) and linalool (EO-L) chemotypes were identified, and both presented similar anesthetic effects for silver catfish. Fish were exposed to two concentrations of each EO, which induced slow and fast anesthesia (100 and 300 µL L-1, respectively). Blood ions did not change at any time of anesthesia induction and recovery and, therefore, the electrolyte balance was not altered. Blood gases oscillated through all exposure and recovery times, but there was an increase in pO2 after 10 min recovery in fish anesthetized with EO-C. Glucose increased in fish exposed to both EOs when compared with the control group. Overall, exposure to both EOs (except 100 µL L-1 EO-L at most times) reduced plasma cortisol levels compared to the control and/or ethanol groups. However, as plasma creatinine levels in fish anesthetized with EO-C were higher than control fish, the use of EO-L is preferable.

scholarly journals A clinical case of anaphylactic shock development after anesthesia induction

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
K. N. Khrapov ◽  
A. A. Khryapa ◽  
I. V. Vartanova ◽  
S. S. Sedov ◽  
Yu. S. Okhapina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anaphylactic Shock ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Anesthesia Induction ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
Severe Hypotension ◽  
Direct Association ◽  
Specific Agent

The article describes a clinical case when a patient who was supposed to have a planned surgery on the spine developed anaphylactic shock. After 10 minutes of anesthesia introduction, the patient developed severe hypotension (resistant to the administration of adrenomimetics) and tachycardia; a decrease in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide at the end of expiration was noted. Due to the rapid development of a critical condition, the absence of specific skin manifestations and allergic history, as well as a direct association with the administration of a specific agent, it was necessary to carry out a differential diagnosis between acute myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolism, and anaphylactic shock. During the intensive care, the patient had echocardiography and ECG, blood gases were tested; the decisive diagnostic factor was the identification of bronchospasm signs. When the condition was stabilized, angiography of the vessels of the heart and lungs was performed; later, the agent that caused the development of anaphylaxis was established.Identifying the cause of hypotension after induction of anesthesia is critical because therapy can vary significantly. The development of anaphylactic shock during general anesthesia is not common but delayed diagnosis and therapy can be fatal. The article discusses modern approaches to the diagnosis and therapy of perioperative anaphylaxis using the example of the presented clinical case.

scholarly journals Esmolol as an adjunct to general balanced anaesthesia in neurosurgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 279-283
Author(s):  
Dragana Lončar-Stojiljković ◽  
Žana Maksimović ◽  
Marko Đurić
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Solution ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Parameters ◽  
Neurosurgical Patients ◽  
Eye Opening ◽  
Critical Phases ◽  
Balanced Anaesthesia ◽  
Cardiovascular Stability

Background/Aim: In surgery, and especially in the neurosurgical operations, maintenance of cardiovascular stability during and in the phase of the immediate postoperative recovery is of vital importance. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of continuous esmolol infusion on the values of cardiovascular parameters and quality of the emergence from anaesthesia in neurosurgical patients. Methods: A total of 40 patients of both sexes scheduled for elective supratentorial surgery were randomly assigned to two groups. Esmolol group received intravenous (iv) infusion of esmolol dissolved in 5 % glucose solution (during the first 5 min at a rate of 0.3 mg/kg/min and thereafter at a rate of 0.1 mg/kg/min), while the ones from the control group received a 5 % glucose solution without esmolol at the same volume and rate. Cardiovascular parameters were registered at critical phases of anaesthesia and operation (induction, intubation, placement of Mayfield frame, craniotomy, skull closure, extubation). Recovery after anaesthesia was assessed based on times of eye opening on command, spontaneous eye opening and regaining of full orientation. Results: Values of systolic blood pressure and heart rate were significantly lower in the esmolol than in the control group of patients. Although the durations of anaesthesia did not differ, patients from the esmolol group required significantly less opioids and isoflurane and recovered after the anaesthesia significantly faster than the patients in the control group. Conclusion: Ultrashort-acting beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist esmolol, administered as a continuous iv infusion, assures better cardiovascular stability and smoother emergence from the balanced inhalation general anaesthesia than the control glucose infusion in elective neurosurgical patients.

Effect of intermittently raised intracranial pressure on breathing pattern, ventilatory response to CO2, and blood gases in anesthetized cats

1976 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheila Jennett ◽  
J. Brian North
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Breathing Pattern ◽  
Ventilatory Response ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Central Depression ◽  
Ventilatory Response To Co2 ◽  
Fine Print

✓ In anesthetised cats, breathing pattern, blood gases, and ventilatory response to CO2 were recorded before and during intermittent 10-minute episodes of hydrostatically raised intracranial pressure. The first effect on breathing was a stimulation which was followed at higher pressures by irregularity, depression, and periods of apnea; hyperventilation at high intracranial pressure (ICP) was rare. Raised ICP did not consistently depress the ventilatory response to CO2 until ventilation during airbreathing was already depressed; therefore, we cannot experimentally justify applying this test clinically to detect incipient ventilatory depression. When hypoxemia developed during raised ICP, it was compatible with the degree of hypoventilation due to central depression of breathing; thus, there was no evidence of a neurally mediated effect on the lungs, causing defective gas exchange.

scholarly journals Cardiac Complications of Hyperthyroidism: Echocardiographic Evaluation of 69 Hyperthyroid Patients

1970 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
SM Ansari ◽  
S Haider ◽  
MA Awal ◽  
N Khanam ◽  
AB Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Hormones ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Chest Radiography ◽  
Cardiac Complications ◽  
Cardiac Pathology ◽  
Echocardiographic Evaluation ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Cardiac Evaluation ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

Echocardiography were done on 69 patients suffering from hyperthyroidism. All of them presented with palpitation and tremor. Clinical diagnosis was confirmed by radioimmunoassay of thyroid hormones. Echocardiography as well as Electrocardiography and chest radiography were done in all of them. Forty seven patients showed different types of cardiac pathology, results of which are demonstrated in details. We conclude that thorough cardiac evaluation is necessary in all hyperthyroid patients.   doi: 10.3329/taj.v17i1.3481 TAJ 2004; 17(1) : 6-9

scholarly journals Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt Disconnection, Shunt Migration, and Silent Bowel Perforation in a 10-Year-Old Boy

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (02) ◽  
pp. 342-345
Author(s):  
Rajendra Kumar Ghritlaharey
Keyword(s):  
Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Rare Case ◽  
Bowel Perforation ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Raised Intracranial Pressure ◽  
Peritoneal Catheter ◽  
Tubercular Meningitis ◽  
Fecal Matter ◽  
Shunt Migration

ABSTRACTA 10-year-old boy was admitted with chest wall infection around the implanted ventriculoperitoneal shunt (VPS) catheter of 5 days. He had received a right-sided, medium pressure, whole-length VPS for hydrocephalus, following tubercular meningitis at the age of 3 years. Seven years, 9 months following VPS implantation, he was admitted with shunt tract infection at the chest area for 5 days. He had neither fever nor features of meningitis, raised intracranial pressure, or peritonitis. His clinical examination and radiological investigations revealed that the VPS catheter was disconnected at the cranial site, and it was migrated downward up to the upper chest. He was managed well with the removal of the entire VPS catheter. The removed peritoneal catheter along with the shunt chamber was loaded with fecal matter and was presumed that the peritoneal catheter was within the colon. His postoperative recovery was excellent. This is a rare case of VPS catheter disconnection, shunt migration, and silent bowel perforation by peritoneal catheter, and all the above-mentioned complications were detected in a child at the same time and were managed well with the removal of the entire VPS catheter.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document