scholarly journals Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma of Urinary Bladder with Diagnostic Dilemma: Case Report of A Rare Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swati Saini ◽  
Monika Garg ◽  
Shaina Goyal ◽  
Anita Chaudhary
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Rare Variant ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Muscle Invasive

AbstractLymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the urinary bladder is a rare variant of urothelial carcinoma that was first described by Zukerberg in 1991 and confirmed as a type of urothelial carcinoma by the WHO classification of the urinary system tumors. A 63-year-old man presented with the chief complaint of gross hematuria for 2 months. Sections from transurethral resection of the bladder revealed urothelial carcinoma. A radical cystoprostatectomy was performed and a final histopathological examination revealed high-grade muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma, lymphoepithelial variant. The patient has been receiving adjuvant chemotherapy with no recurrence reported to date. This is the third case reported in India to date to the best of our knowledge. Owing to its rare presentation, no definite treatment guidelines have been established for this entity. Various studies from the English literature suggest a conservative approach.

scholarly journals Primary clear-cell urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder: a not-so-clear entity with review of literature

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. e231192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lalit Kumar ◽  
Anubhav Narwal ◽  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Seema Kaushal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Urothelial Cancer ◽  
Clear Cell ◽  
Muscularis Propria ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Unusual Variant ◽  
Urothelial Tumours

Primary clear-cell urothelial carcinoma (CCUC) is an uncommon type of urothelial cancer with only 16 cases reported in published literature. Due to the rarity of the tumour, its clinical and prognostic values have not been clearly understood. We present one such rare clinical diagnosis in a 60-year- old man who underwent radical cystectomy (RC) with ileal conduit for urinary bladder cancer. Histopathology showed features of high-grade CCUC infiltrating the muscularis propria. Immunohistochemistry revealed diffuse immunopositivity of pan cytokeratin (CK), GATA3, P40, CK7 but was immunonegative for CD10 and vimentin. Our patient expired 4 months after diagnosis. CCUC has recently been included in the WHO 2016 classification of urothelial tumours. Most of the patients present with poor prognosis. Accurate diagnosis and recognition of this unusual variant are essential for better patient management and prognosis. Early RC seems to be the preferred way of management.

scholarly journals Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: Clinicopathological and Molecular Update

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Vitthalrao Jagtap ◽  
Swati S Jagtap ◽  
Parneet Kaur ◽  
Snigdha Vartak
Keyword(s):  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Urinary Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Molecular Features ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Urinary bladder cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide.Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon subtype of urinary bladder carcinoma.It is a malignant epithelial neoplasm arising in the urinary bladder demonstrating a pure squamous cell phenotype. On histopathology it is considered when tumor is showing pure squamous morphology without any component of conventional urothelial carcinoma. The SCC is a histologically distinct form of cancer. It arises from the uncontrolled multiplication of cells showing particular cytological or tissue architectural characteristics of squamous cell differentiation, such as the presence of keratin, tonofilament bundles or desmosomes. Majority of bladder SCC are high grade, high stage tumors with most cancers having muscle invasion at the time of diagnosis while overall about 80% of bladder cancers are non-muscle invasive bladder cancer at diagnosis.COX-2 is markedly expressed in all SCCs. An increased COX-2 level induces the development of SCC of the bladder affecting many biological features of this tissue including apoptosis, cell adhesion, angiogenesis and invasiveness.TERT promoter mutations, commonly found in conventional urothelial carcinoma, are also highly prevalent in urinary bladder squamous cell carcinoma suggesting a common tumorgenesis and potential utility as a molecular urine-based-screening assay.This review summarizes the current features related to clinical , pathological, and molecular features of SCC of urinary bladder.

Prognostic significance of OXR1 in urothelial carcinoma: low OXR1 expression is associated with worse survival

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien-Cheng Lai ◽  
Tzu-Ju Chen ◽  
Ti-Chun Chan ◽  
Wan-Shan Li ◽  
Hong-Lin He
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Histological Grade ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Upper Urinary Tract ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
Low Expression

Background: Bioinformatic analysis has revealed that OXR1 is significantly downregulated in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Patients & methods: The expression of OXR1 in patients with urothelial carcinoma was evaluated by immunohistochemistry, including 340 cases with urothelial carcinoma in the upper urinary tract and 295 in the urinary bladder. Results: Low expression of OXR1 was significantly correlated with adverse pathological parameters including high primary tumor (pT) stage, high node stage, high histological grade, high mitotic activity and increased vascular or perineural invasion (all p < 0.05). Low expression of OXR1 independently predicted worse metastasis-free survival (p = 0.033) in urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract and worse disease-specific survival (p = 0.022) and metastasis-free survival (p < 0.001) in urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder. Conclusion: Low expression of OXR1 is an adverse prognostic factor in urothelial carcinoma.

scholarly journals Urothelial carcinoma with villoglandular differentiation (UCVGD) with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of urinary bladder

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. bcr-2018-228017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shilpy Jha ◽  
Suvradeep Mitra ◽  
Amit Kumar Adhya ◽  
Prasant Nayak
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Male Patient ◽  
Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
High Grade ◽  
Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
Aggressive Variant

Urothelial carcinoma with villoglandular differentiation (UCVGD) is a rare aggressive variant of urothelial carcinoma. It is usually associated with high-grade urothelial carcinoma or rarely adenocarcinoma. There is only one other previous report of UCVGD associated with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of urinary bladder. We report the second case of UCVGD with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of urinary bladder in a 74-year-old non-smoker male patient. The mass was muscle invasive and also invaded the prostate. This entity needs to be confidently diagnosed due to its prognostic and therapeutic implications.

scholarly journals A Unique Case of Primary Ewing’s Sarcoma of the Cervical Spine in a 53-Year-Old Male: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marshall T. Holland ◽  
Oliver E. Flouty ◽  
Liesl N. Close ◽  
Chandan G. Reddy ◽  
Matthew A. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Ewing’S Sarcoma ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Ewing's Sarcoma ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Histopathological Studies

Extraskeletal Ewing’s sarcoma (EES) is a rare presentation, representing only 15% of all primary Ewing’s sarcoma cases. Even more uncommon is EES presenting as a primary focus in the spinal canal. These rapidly growing tumors often present with focal neurological symptoms of myelopathy or radiculopathy. There are no classic characteristic imaging findings and thus the physician must keep a high index of clinical suspicion. Diagnosis can only be definitively made by histopathological studies. In this report, we discuss a primary cervical spine EES in a 53-year-old man who presented with a two-month history of left upper extremity pain and acute onset of weakness. Imaging revealed a cervical spinal canal mass. After undergoing cervical decompression, histopathological examination confirmed a diagnosis of Ewing’s sarcoma. A literature search revealed fewer than 25 reported cases of primary cervical spine EES published in the past 15 years and only one report demonstrating this pathology in a patient older than 30 years of ageage=38. Given the low incidence of this pathology presenting in this age group and the lack of treatment guidelines, each patient’s plan should be considered on a case-by-case basis until further studies are performed to determine optimal evidence based treatment.

scholarly journals An interesting presentation of invasive bladder carcinoma as pseudo renal failure

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Shekar ◽  
Anuj Dumra ◽  
Dinesh Reddy ◽  
Hardik Patel
Keyword(s):  
Renal Failure ◽  
Acute Renal Failure ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrostomy ◽  
Sudden Onset ◽  
Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Rare Presentation ◽  
Diagnostic Dilemma ◽  
Urinary Leakage ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Abstract Ascites and oliguria with an increasing serum creatinine level are often observed in patients with acute renal failure. However, these symptoms are also noted in individuals with intraperitoneal urinary leakage and can be mistaken for acute renal failure. This rise in creatinine in such patients is called pseudo renal failure and it happens by a process of reverse peritoneal dialysis. In literature, the most commonly described condition that leads to this clinical picture is following a spontaneous or missed bladder perforation. We, herein, report a case of carcinoma of the bladder that presented with features resembling acute renal failure, which later turned out to be pseudo renal failure due to intraperitoneal urinary extravasation from a forniceal rupture. The patient was managed with emergency with a percutaneous drain followed by a percutaneous nephrostomy, which led to normalization of creatinine. Cystoscopy revealed the bladder growth in an intact small capacity bladder and biopsy confirmed it as a muscle invasive squamous cell carcinoma. Due to advanced nature of his malignancy, he underwent a palliative ileal conduit diversion but he later developed chest metastasis and ultimately succumbed to the disease. Intraperitoneal urinary leakage due to forniceal rupture presenting as pseudo renal failure is a rare presentation of carcinoma bladder. Sudden onset abdominal discomfort, increasing ascites, hematuria, and oliguria with elevated renal parameters needs consideration and exclusion of this entity. The diagnostic dilemma associated with this rare presentation along with the management and prognosis in such patients of carcinoma bladder are discussed.

scholarly journals Early Experiences with Studer’s Orthotopic Neobladder

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
Bharat Bahadur Bhandari ◽  
Bikash Bikram Thapa ◽  
Narayan Thapa ◽  
Bhairab Kumar Hamal
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Bladder ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Cystectomy ◽  
Treatment Option ◽  
Late Complications ◽  
Ileal Neobladder ◽  
Late Morbidity ◽  
Muscle Invasive ◽  
One Year

Introduction: Radical cystectomy and urinary diversion is the standard treatment option for muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder. We analyzed the complications and functional outcome of 21 consecutive patients who underwent radical cystectomy and studer ileal neobladder substitution.Methods: This was a retrospective study from the review of chart and follow up details of 21 patients who underwent radical cystectomy and Studer ileal neobladder substitution from January 2009 to February 2014. Data obtained were the disease characteristics, both the early and late complications and urinary continence.Results: Total 21 patients were evaluated. 17 patients were available for follow up of one year or more. One patient died secondary to surgery related complications and 2 died due to exacerbation of comorbidities. And one patient lost follow up after one year. The rates of early and late morbidity were 33.3% (7) and 19% (4). Prolonged ileus developed in three patients and urinary tract infection was the most common among early and late complications (2, 8%). Two patients developed anastomotic stricture. Complete day time and night time continence was achieved in 82% (14) and 33.3% (7) respectively. The mean maximum neobladder capacity at end of one year was 345 ml.Conclusions: Outcome of studer’s ileal orhtotopic neobladder in our series is comparable with others. The result of our study is promising and encouraging to pursue it as a primary treatment option for muscle invasive and recurrent urothelial carcinoma of urinary bladder.

scholarly journals Lymphoepithelioma-Like Carcinoma of the Bladder: A Case Report of a Rare and Particular Variant of Urothelial Carcinoma

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Youness Jabbour ◽  
Youssef Jabri ◽  
Hamza Lamchahab ◽  
Mohammed Tbouda ◽  
Ahmed Jahid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
English Literature ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Lateral Wall ◽  
Large Tumor ◽  
Left Lateral Wall ◽  
Classification Of Tumors ◽  
Carcinoma Of The Bladder ◽  
Muscle Invasive

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the bladder (LELCB) is a rare variant of urothelial carcinoma first described by Zukerberg in 1991 and confirmed as a variant of urothelial carcinoma by the WHO classification of tumors of the urinary system. LELCB is characterized by a marked infiltration of lymphocytes in the area involved by the tumor which may coexist with the conventional urothelial carcinoma. LELCB are classified according to the percentage of lymphoepithelioma component within the tumor with the prognosis depending on the percentage. We report a new case of pure LELCB occurring in 63-year-old woman presenting with hematuria. Ultrasonography and cystoscopy revealed a large tumor on the left lateral wall of the bladder. Transurethral resection of the bladder tumor (TURBT) was performed. Pathological and immunohistochemical analysis revealed a high-grade muscle-invasive LELCB (G3pT2). The patient underwent an adjuvant systemic chemotherapy with no recurrence after a ten-month follow-up. To our knowledge, this is the second Moroccan case of LELCB reported in the English literature. Although its rare occurrence prognosis and ideal therapeutic management of LELCB have not been clearly established yet, literature findings encourage the adoption of a conservative approach in treatment of LELCB.

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