scholarly journals Clinical Implications of Second and Third Trimester Surveillance Ultrasounds of Growth-Restricted Fetuses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (04) ◽  
pp. e132-e136
Author(s):  
Amanda M. Craig ◽  
Karampreet Kaur ◽  
Sarah A. Heerboth ◽  
Heidi Chen ◽  
Chelsea J. Lauderdale ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Antenatal Steroids ◽  
Birth Weight Percentile ◽  
Median Birth Weight ◽  
Weight Percentile

Abstract Objective We sought to investigate the positive predictive value of ultrasound-diagnosed fetal growth restriction (FGR) for estimating small for gestational age (SGA) at birth. Secondary objectives were to describe clinical interventions performed as a result of FGR diagnosis. Study Design This was a retrospective cohort of pregnancies diagnosed with FGR over 3 years at a single institution. Maternal demographics, antenatal and delivery data, and neonatal data were collected. Descriptive statistics and linear regression were conducted. Results We included 406 pregnancies with diagnosis of FGR in second or third trimester. Median birth weight percentile was 17 (interquartile range: 5–50) and only 35.0% of these fetuses were SGA at birth. The positive predictive value of a final growth ultrasound below the 10th percentile for SGA at birth was 56.9%. Patients averaged eight additional growth ultrasounds following FGR diagnosis. One hundred and fourteen (28.1%) received antenatal steroids prior to delivery, and 100% of those delivered after more than 7 days following administration. There were 6 fetal deaths and 14 neonatal deaths. Conclusion In the majority of cases, pregnancies diagnosed with FGR during screening ultrasounds resulted in normally grown neonates and term deliveries. These patients may be receiving unnecessary ultrasounds and premature courses of corticosteroids.

scholarly journals Accuracy of ultrasound in pediatric undescended testes

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-986
Author(s):  
Teerasak Phewplung ◽  
Atchara Mahayosnond ◽  
Panruethai Trinavarat
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Undescended Testis ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Common Condition ◽  
Undescended Testes ◽  
Ultrasonographic Diagnosis ◽  
Operative Findings

Abstract Background: The undescended testis represents a common condition affecting male infants with significant clinical implications such as infertility and testicular malignancy. There is controversy as to the diagnosis when a clinical examination fails to identify a testis. Objective: Investigate the value of ultrasound in the diagnosis of undescended testis, and evaluate the correlation between the preoperative ultrasonographic data and operative findings. Material and method: Thirty-nine boys (age: 3months -12 years) with undescended testes were examined between January 2003 and December 2007. All the boys had undergone a sonogram performed for localizing the undescended testes. Only 20 boys were sent for inguinal exploration, or other surgical procedures for localizing the undescended testes. We calculated specificity, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and the accuracy of ultrasonographic diagnosis in boys with undescended testes. Results: Twenty-nine undescended testes were included in this study. Ultrasonography had a sensitivity of 82%, a specificity of 0%, PPV of 96%, NPV of 0%, and accuracy of 79% in the diagnosis of the undescended testis. Conclusions: The sensitivity and specificity including NPV of uetrasound had the unsatisfactory outcomes.

RET-HE DALAM DIAGNOSIS SEBAGAI TOLOK UKUR DALAM MENDETEKSI KEKURANGAN ZAT BESI DI IBU HAMIL

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Imee Surbakti ◽  
Adi Koesoema Aman ◽  
Makmur Sitepu
Keyword(s):  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Negative Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Deficiency Group

Varieties of the laboratory test can be applied in the detecting of iron status. These test are divided into conventional hematologic index and biochemical iron serum. With the development of an hematological analyzer, new parameter has been found to monitor theiron status with reticulocytes hemoglobin analysis (Ret-He). To know the diagnostic accuracy of Ret-He and to conclude whether Ret-He can be used as a parameter to detect iron deficiency in pregnant women by obtaining certain information. This study used analyticalcross sectional was conducted at Haji Adam Malik Hospital Medan, in March-June 2013. The Applying samples consisted of 64 third trimester pregnant women which divided into two (2) groups: the noniron deficiency group using 28 subjects and in the iron deficiency 36 subjects. In this study, the researchers found AUC for Ret-He about 77.7% with the best cut off value of <31.4 pg. Using the cut off value the researchers obtained the sensitivity about 61.1%, specificity 75.0%, Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 75.8%, Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 60.0%, Likehood Ratio (LR) (+) 2.44 and LR (–) 0.51%. Based on this study, can be concluded, that the diagnostic accuracy Ret-He is a good parameter to detect iron deficiency in the pregnant women

scholarly journals Positive Predictive Value of Tomosynthesis-guided Biopsies of Architectural Distortions Seen on Digital Breast Tomosynthesis and without an Ultrasound Correlate

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 53 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopal R. Vijayaraghavan ◽  
Adrienne Newburg ◽  
Srinivasan Vedantham
Keyword(s):  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Breast Imaging ◽  
Digital Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Breast Tomosynthesis ◽  
Diagnostic Categories ◽  
High Risk Lesion ◽  
Prior Literature

Objective: The objective of the study was to determine the positive predictive value (PPV) of architectural distortions (AD) observed on digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) and without an ultrasound (US) correlate. Materials and Methods: In this single-institution, retrospective study, patients who underwent DBT-guided biopsies of AD without any associated findings on digital mammography (DM) or DBT, and without a correlate on targeted US exam, over a 14-month period were included in this study. All patients had DM and DBT and targeted US exams. The PPV was computed along with the exact 95% confidence limits (CL) using simple binomial proportions, with histopathology as the reference standard. Results: A total of 45 ADs in 45 patients met the inclusion criteria. Histopathology indicated 6/45 (PPV: 13.3%, CL: 5.1–26.8%), ADs were malignant, including one high-risk lesion that was upgraded at surgery. ADs were appreciated only on DBT in 12/45 (26.7%) patients, and on both DBT and DM in 33/45 (73.3%) patients, and the corresponding PPV was 25% (3/12, CL: 5.5–57.2%) and 9.1% (3/33, CL: 1.9–24.3%), respectively. In all analyses, the observed PPV significantly exceeded the 2% probability of malignancy for Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System-3 diagnostic categories (P < 0.004). Conclusions: The PPV of malignancy in DBT detected AD without an US correlate in our series of 45 cases was 6/45 (13.3%). In the absence of an US correlate, the PPV of AD is lower than that mentioned in prior literature but exceeds the 2% threshold to justify DBT-guided biopsy.

Diagnosis of cerebral hemorrhage before the era of computed tomography

2013 ◽  
Vol 154 (44) ◽  
pp. 1743-1746
Author(s):  
Gergely Hofgárt ◽  
Rita Szepesi ◽  
Bertalan Vámosi ◽  
László Csiba
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Cranial Computed Tomography ◽  
Cerebral Stroke ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Difference

Introduction: During the past decades there has been a great progress in neuroimaging methods. Cranial computed tomography is part of the daily routine now and its use allows a fast diagnosis of parenchymal hemorrhage. However, before the availability of computed tomography the differentiation between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke was based on patient history, physical examination, percutan angiography and cerebrospinal fluid sampling, and the clinical utility could be evaluated by autopsy of deceased patients. Aim: The authors explored the diagnostic performance of cerebrospinal fluid examination for the diagnosis of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. Method: Data of 200 deceased stroke patients were retrospectively evaluated. All patients had liquor sampling at admission and all of them had brain autopsy. Results: Bloody or yellowish cerebrospinal fluid at admission had a positive predictive value of 87.5% for hemorrhagic stroke confirmed by autopsy, while clear cerebrospinal fluid had positive predictive value of 90.7% for ischemic stroke. Patients who had clear liquor, but autopsy revealed hemorrhagic stroke had higher protein level in the cerebrospinal fluid, but the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.09). Conclusions: The results confirm the importance of pathological evaluation of the brain in cases deceased from cerebral stroke. With this article the authors wanted to salute for those who contributed to the development of the Hungarian neuropathology. In this year we remember the 110th anniversary of the birth, and the 60th anniversary of the death of professor Kálmán Sántha. Professor László Molnár would be 90 years old in 2013. Orv. Hetil., 154 (44), 1743–1746.

VALUE OF COMBINATION OF HAP SCORE AND BISAP SCORE IN PREDICTING SEVERITY IN PATIENTS OF ACUTE PANCREATITIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-100
Author(s):  
Thi Ngoc Suong Le ◽  
Pham Chi Tran ◽  
Van Huy Tran
Keyword(s):  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Prognostic Value ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Central Hospital

Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an acute inflammation of the pancreas, usually occurs suddenly with a variety of clinical symptoms, complications of multiple organ failure and high mortality rates. Objectives: To determine the value of combination of HAP score and BISAP score in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis of the Atlanta 2012 Classification. Patients and Methods: 75 patients of acute pancreatitis hospitalized at Hue Central Hospital between March 2017 and July 2018; HAP and BISHAP score is calculated within the first 24 hours. The severity of AP was classified by the revised Atlanta criteria 2012. Results: When combining the HAP and BISAP scores in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis, the area under the ROC curve was 0,923 with sensitivity value was 66.7%, specificity value was 97.1%; positive predictive value was 66.7%, negative predictive value was 97.1%. Conclusion: The combination of HAP and BISAP scores increased the sensitivity, predictive value, and prognostic value in predicting the severity of acute pancreatitis of the revised Atlanta 2012 classification in compare to each single scores. Key words: HAPscore, BiSAP score, acute pancreatitis, predicting severity

scholarly journals Accuracy of MSCT Coronary Angiography with 64 Row CT Scanner—Facing the Facts

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMC.S3864 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wehrschuetz ◽  
E. Wehrschuetz ◽  
H. Schuchlenz ◽  
G. Schaffler
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenoses ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Msct Angiography

Improvements in multislice computed tomography (MSCT) angiography of the coronary vessels have enabled the minimally invasive detection of coronary artery stenoses, while quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) is the accepted reference standard for evaluation thereof. Sixteen-slice MSCT showed promising diagnostic accuracy in detecting coronary artery stenoses haemodynamically and the subsequent introduction of 64-slice scanners promised excellent and fast results for coronary artery studies. This prompted us to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the negative und positive predictive value of 64-slice MSCT in the detection of haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses. Thirty-seven consecutive subjects with suspected coronary artery disease were evaluated with MSCT angiography and the results compared with QCA. All vessels were considered for the assessment of significant coronary artery stenosis (diameter reduction ≥ 50%). Thirteen patients (35%) were identified as having significant coronary artery stenoses on QCA with 6.3% (35/555) affected segments. None of the coronary segments were excluded from analysis. Overall sensitivity for classifying stenoses of 64-slice MSCT was 69%, specificity was 92%, positive predictive value was 38% and negative predictive value was 98%. The interobserver variability for detection of significant lesions had a κ-value of 0.43. Sixty-four-slice MSCT offers the diagnostic potential to detect coronary artery disease, to quantify haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses and to avoid unnecessary invasive coronary artery examinations.

scholarly journals Association of Calcium Supplementation During Pregnancy with the Birth Weight of Single-Born Neonates in Rural Northwest China

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1106-1106
Author(s):  
Gao Xiangyu ◽  
Mi Baibing ◽  
Dang Shaonong ◽  
Yan Hong
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Calcium Supplementation ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Shaanxi Province ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Birth Weight Percentile ◽  
Weight Percentile

Abstract Objectives To investigate the association of calcium supplementation during the pregnancy with the birth weight of single-born neonates. Methods The survey employed a multistage, stratified and random sampling to investigate 15–49 aged pregnant women in 2010 to 2013 in Shaanxi province. A self - designed questionnaire was utilized. Birth weight between the 10(th) and 90(th) percentile was classified as appropriate for gestational age(AGA) infants. Chi-square test and logistic regression models were conducted to evaluate the association of calcium supplementation with single-born neonatal birth weight. Results A total of 28,490 women was enrolled in this study, 17 349 (60.9%) of participants had calcium supplementation during pregnancy. The incidence rates of small and large gestational age infants were 13.5% and 8.3%, respectively. The study conducted that calcium supplementation had a statistically significant difference in SGA (birth weight percentile &lt;10) (P &lt; 0.01). After adjusting the regression models by confounding factors, we found that calcium supplementation was still protective towards SGA birth, the difference was statistically significant (OR = 0.89, 95% CI: 0.82–0.96, P &lt; 0.05), but there was no significant difference in the birth to LGA (birth weight percentile &lt;10). Conclusions Calcium supplementation during pregnancy reduced the risk of SGA, but was not associated with the birth of LGA. Funding Sources

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