Neonatal Outcomes of Premature Infants Born to Women with the Novel Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) Infection: A Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beril Yasa ◽  
Seyma Memur ◽  
Dilek Y. Ozturk ◽  
Onur Bagci ◽  
Sait I. Uslu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vertical Transmission ◽  
Premature Infants ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Historical Controls ◽  
Control Study

Objective Novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a disease associated with atypical pneumonia caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). The first cases of COVID-19 were reported in Wuhan at the end of 2019. Transmission usually occurs via infected droplets and close personal contact; the possibility of vertical transmission is still under debate. This retrospective study aimed to analyze clinical characteristics of premature infants born to mothers with symptomatic COVID-19 disease. Study Design This case control study compared the clinical and laboratory data of 20 premature infants born to mothers infected with SARS-CoV-2 with sex and gestational age–matched historical controls. Results The median gestational age and birth weight in both groups were similar. Respiratory distress developed in 11 (55.5%) infants in study group and 19 (47.5%) infants in control group. Mechanical ventilation and endotracheal surfactant administration rates were similar. Median duration of hospitalization was 8.5 (2–76) days in study group and 12 days in historical controls. Real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction tests (RT-PCR) of nasopharyngeal swab samples for SARS-CoV-2 were found to be negative twice, in the first 24 hours and later at 24 to 48 hours of life. No neutropenia or thrombocytopenia was detected in the study group. Patent ductus arteriosus, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and necrotizing enterocolitis rates were similar between groups. No mortality was observed in both groups. Conclusion To the best of our knowledge, this is one of the few studies evaluating the clinical outcomes of premature infants born to SARS-CoV-2 infected mothers. There was no evidence of vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 from symptomatic SARS-CoV-2-infected women to the neonate in our cohort. The neonatal outcomes also seem to be favorable with no mortality in preterm infants. Key Points

scholarly journals Risks of Maternal Obesity in Pregnancy: A Case-control Study in a Portuguese Obstetrical Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (12) ◽  
pp. 682-687 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Alves ◽  
Maria Filipa Malheiro ◽  
João Cavaco Gomes ◽  
Tiago Ferraz ◽  
Nuno Montenegro
Keyword(s):  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Mean Blood Glucose ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Objective The present study aims to understand to what extent obesity is related to adverse maternal, obstetrical, and neonatal outcomes in a Portuguese obstetrical population. Methods A retrospective case-control study was conducted at the Department of Obstetrics of a differentiated perinatal care facility. The study compared 1,183 obese pregnant women with 5,399 normal or underweight pregnant women for the occurrence of gestational diabetes, hypertensive pregnancy disorders, and preterm birth. Mode of delivery, birthweight, and neonatal intensive care unit (ICU) admissions were also evaluated. Mean blood glucose values were evaluated and compared between groups, in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Only singleton pregnancies were considered. Results The prevalence of obesity was 13.6%. Obese pregnant women were significantly more likely to have cesarean sections (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.0, p < 0.001), gestational diabetes (aOR 2.14, p < 0.001), hypertensive pregnancy disorders (aOR 3.43, p < 0.001), and large-for-gestational age or macrosomic infants (aOR 2.13, p < 0.001), and less likely to have small-for-gestational age newborns (aOR 0.51, p < 0.009). No significant differences were found in terms of preterm births, fetal/neonatal deaths, low birthweight newborns, and neonatal ICU admissions among cases and controls. Maternal obesity was significantly associated with higher mean blood glucose levels, in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Conclusion Obesity is associated with increased risks of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes. These risks seem to increase progressively with increasing body mass index (BMI) class. Female obesity should be considered a major public health issue and has consequences on maternal-fetal health.

scholarly journals Is Advanced Paternal Age associated with Fetal Growth and Adverse Neonatal Outcomes? A Case-Control Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Tarakeswari Surapaneni ◽  
Manisha Dudlani
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Paternal Age ◽  
Advanced Paternal Age ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Control Study

ABSTRACT Aim To determine associations of advanced paternal age with fetal growth and adverse neonatal outcomes. Methods A hospital-based unmatched case-control study with random selection of controls. Fetal growth was determined by serial ultrasound measurements and growth was classified at birth by a neonatalogist based on the Lubchenco charts. Advanced paternal age was explored using two cutoffs (35 and 40 years). Likelihood ratios, unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios and the 95% confidence intervals around point estimates are presented. Results The study covered 218 pregnant women that included 137 (63.72%) pregnant women who delivered a live AGA/LGA baby and 78 (36.28%) pregnant women who delivered a live small for gestational age baby and 45 (20.64%) fathers with advanced paternal age based on a cutoff of ≥ 40 years and 73 (33.49%) fathers with advanced paternal age based on a age cutoff ≥ 35 years. Although advanced paternal age (both ≥ 35 and ≥ 40 years) was protective for small for gestational age babies in a bivariate analysis, the association was not significant in a multivariate regression model that adjusted for maternal age, parity, diabetes and gestational age at delivery. Advanced paternal age (both ≥ 35 and ≥ 40 years) did not show a clinically meaningful positive or negative likelihood ratio with other adverse neonatal outcomes. Conclusion Paternal age does not seem to be associated with fetal growth or adverse neonatal outcomes; however, a prospective cohort study is necessary to provide further evidence after controlling for potential confounders.

scholarly journals Vitamin D Status and Its Role in First-Time and Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections in Children: A Case-Control Study

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 419
Author(s):  
Carmen Muntean ◽  
Maria Săsăran
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Recurrent Utis ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
First Time ◽  
Control Study

Vitamin D has emerged as a key factor in innate immunity. Its involvement in the pathogenesis of urinary tract infections (UTIs) has gained a lot of attention recently. The objective of this study is to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels and first-time or recurrent UTIs in children. A prospective, case-control study was conducted on 101 pediatric patients, who were divided into two groups: 59 patients with UTIs and 42 age-matched healthy controls. Serum 25(OH)D was determined in each child and expressed in ng/mL. Vitamin D presented significantly lower values in study group subjects than in healthy controls (p < 0.01). Moreover, a significantly higher prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency was found in children with UTIs (p < 0.01). Patients with recurrent UTIs presented significantly lower levels of vitamin D than those with first-time UTIs (p = 0.04). Urinary tract abnormalities did not seem to exercise an additional effect upon vitamin D levels within the study group. In conclusion, first-time and recurrent UTIs are associated with lower vitamin D levels. Further studies are necessary to validate our findings, as well as future longitudinal research regarding efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in children with UTIs.

scholarly journals Association between Birth Plan Use and Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes in Southern Spain: A Case-Control Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 456
Author(s):  
Pedro Hidalgo-Lopezosa ◽  
Ana María Cubero-Luna ◽  
Andrea Jiménez-Ruz ◽  
María Hidalgo-Maestre ◽  
María Aurora Rodríguez-Borrego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Neonatal Resuscitation ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Southern Spain ◽  
Retrospective Case ◽  
Apgar Scores ◽  
Primiparous Women ◽  
Control Study

Background: Birth plans are used for pregnant women to express their wishes and expectations about childbirth. The aim of this study was to compare obstetric and neonatal outcomes between women with and without birth plans. Methods: A multicentre, retrospective case–control study at tertiary hospitals in southern Spain between 2009 and 2013 was conducted. A total of 457 pregnant women were included, 178 with and 279 without birth plans. Women with low-risk gestation, at full-term and having been in labour were included. Sociodemographic, obstetric and neonatal variables were analysed and comparisons were established. Results: Women with birth plans were older, more educated and more commonly primiparous. Caesarean sections were less common in primiparous women with birth plans (18% vs. 29%, p = 0.027); however, no significant differences were found in instrumented births, 3rd–4th-degree tears or episiotomy rates. Newborns of primiparous women with birth plans obtained better results on 1 min Apgar scores, umbilical cord pH and advanced neonatal resuscitation. No significant differences were found on 5 min Apgar scores or other variables for multiparous women. Conclusions: Birth plans were related to less intervention, a more natural process of birth and better outcomes for mothers and newborns. Birth plans can improve the welfare of the mother and newborn, leading to birth in a more natural way.

Maternal and neonatal outcomes of abnormal placentation: a case–control study

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roksana Moeini ◽  
Hossein Dalili ◽  
Zeinab Kavyani ◽  
Mamak Shariat ◽  
Hasti Charousaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Abnormal Placentation ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Control Study
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