The Slow Process

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Merlin Donald
Keyword(s):  
Slow Process

Rotavirus removal in experimental waste stabilization pond systems with different geometries and configurations

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Oragui ◽  
H. Arridge ◽  
D. D. Mara ◽  
H. W. Pearson ◽  
S. A. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Waste Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Stabilization Pond ◽  
Waste Stabilization Pond ◽  
Stabilization Ponds ◽  
Waste Stabilization

Rotavirus removal in waste stabilization ponds is a relatively slow process: in a series of ten ponds (a 1-d anaerobic pond followed by nine 2-d ponds) its numbers were reduced from 1.4 × 105 per litre to zero, and in an “innovative” series (a 1-day anaerobic pond, 3-d facultative pond, 3.8-d, 3-d and 5-d maturation ponds) from 5.1 × 104 per litre to <5 per litre. Faecal coliforms were better indicators of rotaviruses than was Clostridium perfringens .

scholarly journals Induction Brazing for Rapid Localized Repair of Inconel 718

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1096
Author(s):  
Aprilia Aprilia ◽  
Jin Lee Tan ◽  
Yongjing Yang ◽  
Sung Chyn Tan ◽  
Wei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Grain Growth ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Vacuum Furnace ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Prolonged Heating ◽  
Induction Brazing ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Different Temperatures

Vacuum furnace has been used for brazing repair of aerospace components, but it is a slow process which typically takes a few hours. The prolonged heating and cooling cycles could cause some adverse effects on the components such as excessive grain growth. A rapid brazing technique using induction coil was studied to evaluate its suitability for localized repair. Induction brazing of Inconel 718 was carried out using AMS 4777 brazing paste at different temperatures (950 °C, 1050 °C and 1150 °C ) for various durations (2 min, 10 min and 20 min). Microstructure and microhardness were evaluated. The experimental results show that brazing at 1050 °C leads to desirable microstructures in a short period of merely 2 min. The study demonstrates the potential application of induction brazing for rapid localized aerospace repair.

scholarly journals Towards a Professionalism of Agricultural Extension: Key to Promoting Extension Effectiveness in Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Robert Agunga ◽  
Ruth Sleshi ◽  
Rahwa Hassen
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Extension ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Collaborative Relationship ◽  
Extension Services ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Governmental Agencies ◽  
Communication For Development ◽  
Significant Extension ◽  
Local Farmers

A survey of a small sample of 123 extension workers in Ghana and Ethiopia may have revealed the key issue facing extension ineffectiveness in Africa—the paucity of extension training. Questions on job satisfaction showed that respondents were highly satisfied with: a) an opportunity to work in an area they are trained (N=88, 57%), b) level of education (N=75 (61%), c) enthusiasm towards their work (N=72 (58.5%), and d) opportunity to work with local farmers. However, they were highly dissatisfied with: a) their salaries (N=108 (87.8%), b) the process of decentralization (N=83 (75.6%), c) cooperation from non-governmental agencies (N=87 (70.7%), d) respect from peers in other sectors of government (N=83 (68.0%), e) training in development (N=79 (65.3%), and f) training in communication (N=65 (54.2%). We find their complaints on lack of or limited training in development and communication worthy to note because in the last 40 years extension performance has stressed facilitation among development partners. It can be argued, therefore, that the slow process of decentralization, the friction between extension workers and their NGO counterparts, and their inability to get along with their compatriots in other ministries can be traced to their limited or lack of training in development and communication, otherwise called “Communication for Development” (C4D). We conclude, therefore, that if extension workers are to be effective in their new role as development facilitators not only must their training in agriculture expand to include C4D but, equally significant, extension systems throughout the continent must operate as a profession. Therefore, the authors recommend the establishment of a professional association throughout Africa, under the rubric of “ExtensionAfrica,” which will address the need for extension effectiveness on the continent. We particularly recommend a collaborative relationship with the African Forum for Agricultural Services (AFAAS), which has a mandate for advising on extension services, to make this happen.

Questions of style: notes on Italian hip hop

Popular Music ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 333-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Communist Party ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Hip Hop ◽  
Rock Music ◽  
Public Image ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Explosive Material ◽  
The Public ◽  
Music And Politics ◽  
The Relationship

In his article ‘Rock music and politics in Italy’, Umberto Fiori deploys the example of an open-air concert by Genesis in Tirrenia in the province of Pisa, promoted in the summer of 1982 by the Italian Communist Party (PCI) as part of its annual Feste dell'Unita, as a summary example of de-politicisation of the consumption and production of rock music in Italy, and the institutionalisation of the oppositional, dissenting aspects of rock music that had previously been so potent there throughout the 1970s. To Fiori, the Genesis concert representedan unmistakeable step forward in the slow process of the ‘normalisation’ of the relationship between rock and politics in Italy. Explosive material until a few years before, rock music in the 1980s seems to have returned to being a commodity like any other, even in Italy. The songs are once again simply songs, the public is the public. The musicians are only interested in their work, and the organisers make their expected profits. If they happen to be a political party, so much the better: they can also profit in terms of public image and perhaps even votes. … Italy now learnt how to institutionalise deviation and transgression. An ‘acceptable’ gap was re-established between fiction and reality, desire and action, and music and political practice. (Fiori 1984, pp. 261–2)

NOVEL BACTERIAL PRODUCER STRAINS FOR INTENSIVE COMPOSTING OF POULTRY LITTER

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y.А. Frank ◽  
◽  
R.V. Perchenko ◽  
К.S. Savelieva ◽  
А.S. Trushina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Poultry Waste ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Livestock Farming ◽  
Thermophilic Microorganisms ◽  
Producer Strains

Poultry waste composting in natural conditions is a rather slow process. Application of biological preparations based on thermo-tolerant and thermophilic microorganisms can intensify the compost maturation. Novel strains of thermophilic microorganisms — organic matter destructors — were isolated in the current work. The isolates were identified as representatives of Bacillus, Aneurinibacillus, Aeribacillus, and Ureibacillus genera. Isolated strains can be recommended for biological preparations to accelerate composting of poultry litter and other livestock farming waste.

Reduction and accumulation of methylene blue by the lung

1994 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 1480-1491 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. D. Bongard ◽  
G. S. Krenz ◽  
J. H. Linehan ◽  
D. L. Roerig ◽  
M. P. Merker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Bolus Injection ◽  
Pulmonary Veins ◽  
Blue Color ◽  
Metabolic Function ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Slow Process ◽  
Substantial Fraction ◽  
Single Pass ◽  
The Impact

We studied the disposition of methylene blue added to the perfusate passing through isolated perfused rabbit lungs. Experiments were carried out in a recirculating or single-pass mode, the latter with either a steady infusion or bolus injection of the dye in its blue oxidized form (MB+) or in its colorless reduced leukomethylene blue form (MBH). The recirculation experiments revealed that the dye was taken up by the lungs and that a substantial fraction (approximately 16%) of the MB+ entering the pulmonary artery was reduced before it emerged from the pulmonary veins. Sequestration of the dye by the lungs was a relatively slow process, and the blue color of the lungs at a time when there was little dye left in the perfusate suggests that much of the sequestered dye was in the oxidized form. The results from the single-pass bolus and steady infusion experiments suggest that MBH diffuses rapidly between perfusate and tissue and that it is more soluble in the tissue than in the perfusates used in the study. In this context, the concept of “solubility” includes the impact of the rapidly equilibrating associations of the dye with the perfusate albumin and tissue components. The observed characteristics of the disposition of the methylene blue within the lungs and the rapid rate of its reduction on passage through the lungs suggest that it may be useful to evaluate the possibility that changes in reduction, uptake, and/or sequestration rates may reflect alterations in the metabolic function of the lungs.

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