Institutional and Professional Orders of Ethics in the Discourse Practices of Research Recruitment in Oncology

This article presents methodological starting points, heuristics and the results of a GIS-based analysis of the history of Slovenian literary culture from the 1780s to 1941. The ethnically Slovenian territory was multilingual and multicultural; it belonged to different state entities with distant capitals, which was reflected in the spatial dynamic of literary culture. The research results have confirmed the hypotheses of the research project ‘The Space of Slovenian Literary Culture,’ which were based on postulates of the spatial turn: the socio-geographical space influenced the development of literature and its media, whereas literature itself, through its discourse, practices and institutions, had a reciprocal influence on the apprehension and structuring of that space, as well as on its connection with the broader region. Slovenian literary discourse was able to manifest itself in public predominantly through the history of spatial factors: (a) the formation, territorial expansion and concentration of the social network of literary actors and media; (b) the persistent references of literary texts to places that were recognized by addressees as Slovenian, thereby grounding a national ideology. Taking all of this into account, and based on meta-theoretical reflection, the project aims to contribute to the development of digital humanities and spatial literary studies.

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The antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibility discourse in Pakistan: Multiple theoretical perspectives

10.34091/ajss.13.1.01 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Farhan Basheer ◽

Saqib Muneer ◽

Muhammad Atif ◽

Zubair Ahmad

Keyword(s):

Institutional Theory ◽

Least Squares ◽

Agency Theory ◽

Stakeholder Theory ◽

Fixed Effects ◽

Ordinary Least Squares ◽

Environmental Responsibility ◽

Legitimacy Theory ◽

Discourse Practices ◽

Corporate Social

The primary purpose of the study is to explore the antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibilities discourse practices in Pakistan. The industry sensitivity, government shareholding, block holder ownership, print media coverage, environmental monitoring programs, and strategic posture are examined as antecedents of corporate social and environmental responsibility practices. A multidimensional theoretical perspective namely stakeholder theory (ST), institutional theory (IT), agency theory (PAT), and legitimacy theory (LT) is used to conceptualize the phenomena. All the four of perspective theories (positive accounting theory, legitimacy theory, stakeholder theory, and institutional theory) claim that there are ‘pressures’ that impact the organization. How much ‘pressures’ are recognized, managed or satisfied differs from one perspective of theory to the other. To estimate the data, this study uses three sets of panel data models, i.e., the pooled ordinary least squares model (POLS) or constant coefficients model, fixed effects (FEM or least squares dummy variable/LSDV model) and random-effects models. The final sample is comprising of 173 firms over eight years from 2011 to 2017. The firms listed in PSX are included in the sample. Overall the findings of the study have shown agreement with the proposed results. However, the study has provided more support to the institutional theory and stakeholder theory. Keywords: Corporate Social Responsibility, Stakeholders Theory, Agency Theory, Pakistan

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SPECIFICITY OF IMAGE CONSTRUCTION OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN MODERN MEDIADISCURSIVE PRACTICE: EVOLUTION OF CONVERGENCE AND ANTINOMY

Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences ◽

10.22394/2071-2367-2020-15-6-71-87 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (6) ◽

pp. 71-87

Author(s):

A.V. TOLOCHKO ◽

◽

V.A. MATVIENKO ◽

Keyword(s):

Political Parties ◽

Modern World ◽

Political Organizations ◽

Traditional Media ◽

Image Construction ◽

Effective Strategies ◽

Discourse Practices ◽

Media Space ◽

The Media ◽

The Given

The purpose of the study is to analyze the specifics of constructing the image of political parties in modern world media discourse practices. Achievement of this goal by the authors of this article determines the formulation of a number of important tasks, for the solution of which, first of all, the study of the image-making of political organizations is carried out, which is of interest to representatives of various worldview and social groups. The article examines the algorithm for constructing the image of parties and party coalitions, identifies the factors influencing their modifications. The authors determine the most effective strategies and tactics that influence the formation of a positive image during the electoral process, conduct a detailed analysis of the communication tools that generate a highly effective image of political parties using both traditional media practitioners and modern Internet agrigers. The work analyzes the main and auxiliary resources that have a multifaceted impact on the collaboration of party forces and their leaders with the media in the process of creating the given images, and broadcasting information to the target audience. As a result, a conclusion is made about the discursiveness of the image-making technologies existing in the media space, the presence of convergences and antinomies in them.

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Explanation and Understanding in Animal Narratives

10.1093/oso/9780190850401.003.0008 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

David Herman

Keyword(s):

Mental State ◽

Paradigm Shifts ◽

Top Down ◽

Bottom Up ◽

Human Behaviors ◽

Discourse Practices ◽

Strategic Oscillation ◽

Experimental Narrative ◽

The Way

With chapter 6 having described the way norms for mental-state ascriptions operate in a top-down manner in discourse domains, chapter 7 explores how individual narratives can in turn have a bottom-up impact on the ascriptive norms circulating within particular domains. To this end, the chapter discusses how Thalia Field’s 2010 experimental narrative Bird Lovers, Backyard employs a strategic oscillation between two nomenclatures that can be used to profile nonhuman as well as human behaviors: (1) the register of action, which characterizes behavior in terms of motivations, goals, and projects; and (2) the register of events, which characterizes behavior in terms of caused movements that have duration in time and direction in space. In braiding together these two registers, Field’s text suggests not only how discourse practices can be repatterned, but also how such repatterning enables broader paradigm shifts—in this case shifts in ways of understanding cross-species encounters and entanglements.

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Hispanic Perspectives on Parkinson’s Disease Care and Research Participation

Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.3233/jad-210231 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Lisa Damron ◽

Irene Litvan ◽

Ece Bayram ◽

Sarah Berk ◽

Bernadette Siddiqi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Parkinson’S Disease ◽

Parkinson's Disease ◽

Native Language ◽

Research Participation ◽

Ongoing Research ◽

Research Recruitment ◽

Research Opportunities ◽

Research Engagement ◽

Wide Range ◽

Tertiary Center

Background: Hispanics are under-represented in Parkinson’s disease (PD) research despite the importance of diversity for results to apply to a wide range of patients. Objective: To investigate the perspective of Hispanic persons with Parkinson disease (PWP) regarding awareness, interest, and barriers to participation in research. Methods: We developed and administered a survey and qualitative interview in English and Spanish. For the survey, 62 Hispanic and 38 non-Hispanic PWP linked to a tertiary center were recruited in Arizona. For interviews, 20 Hispanic PWP, 20 caregivers, and six physicians providing service to Hispanic PWP in the community were recruited in California. Survey responses of Hispanic and non-Hispanic PWP were compared. Major survey themes were identified by applying grounded theory and open coding. Results: The survey found roughly half (Q1 54%, Q2 55%) of Hispanic PWP linked to a tertiary center knew about research; there was unawareness among community Hispanic PWP. Most preferred having physician recommendations for research participation and were willing to participate. Hispanics preferred teams who speak their native language and include family. Research engagement, PD knowledge, role of family, living with PD, PD care, pre-diagnosis/diagnosis emerged as themes from the interview. Conclusion: Barriers exist for participation of Hispanic PWP in research, primarily lack of awareness of PD research opportunities. Educating physicians of the need to encourage research participation of Hispanic PWP can address this. Physicians need to be aware of ongoing research and should not assume PWP disinterest. Including family members and providing research opportunities in their native language can increase research recruitment.

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Can I get a retweet please? Health research recruitment and the Twittersphere

Journal of Advanced Nursing ◽

10.1111/jan.12222 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 70 (3) ◽

pp. 599-609 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Anita O'Connor ◽

Leigh Jackson ◽

Lesley Goldsmith ◽

Heather Skirton

Keyword(s):

Health Research ◽

Research Recruitment

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Research Participants' Perspectives on Genotype-Driven Research Recruitment

Journal of Empirical Research on Human Research Ethics ◽

10.1525/jer.2011.6.4.3 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 3-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Laura M. Beskow ◽

Emily E. Namey ◽

R. Jean Cadigan ◽

Tracy Brazg ◽

Julia Crouch ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Research Recruitment ◽

Research Participants

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The many faces of disability in evidence for policy and practice: embracing complexity

Evidence & Policy A Journal of Research Debate and Practice ◽

10.1332/174426421x16147909420727 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carol Rivas ◽

Ikuko Tomomatsu ◽

David Gough

Keyword(s):

Minority Groups ◽

Policy And Practice ◽

Deficit Model ◽

Research Recruitment ◽

Combined Application ◽

Models Of Disability ◽

People With Disability ◽

The Many ◽

Evidence For Policy ◽

Existing Data

Background: This special issue examines the relationship between disability, evidence, and policy.Key points: Several themes cut across the included papers. Despite the development of models of disability that recognise its socially constructed nature, dis/ableism impedes the involvement of people with disability in evidence production and use. The resultant incomplete representations of disability are biased towards its deproblematisation. Existing data often homogenise the heterogeneous. Functioning and impairment categories are used for surveys, research recruitment and policy enactments, that exclude many. Existing data may crudely evidence some systematic inequalities, but the successful and appropriate development and enactment of disability policies requires more contextual data. Categories and labels drawn from a deficit model affect social constructions of identity, and have been used socially and politically to justify the disenfranchisement of people with disability. Well rehearsed within welfare systems, this results in disempowered and devalued objects of policy, and, as described in one Brazilian paper, the systematic breakup of indigenous families. Several studies show the dangers of policy developed without evidence and impact assessments from and with the intended beneficiaries.Conclusions and implications: There is a need to mitigate barriers to inclusive participation, to enable people with disability to collaborate as equals with other policy actors. The combined application of different policy models and ontologies, currently in tension, might better harness their respective strengths and encourage greater transparency and deliberation regarding the flaws inherent in each. Learning should be shared across minority groups.

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Improving hematology/oncology clinical research recruitment via universal prescreening: The VA Connecticut (VACT) Cancer Center experience.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2020.39.28_suppl.79 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 39 (28_suppl) ◽

pp. 79-79

Author(s):

Jenny Jing Xiang ◽

Alicia Roy ◽

Christine Summers ◽

Monica Delvy ◽

Jessica Lee O'Donovan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Clinical Research ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Cancer Center ◽

Cancer Type ◽

Eligibility Criteria ◽

Research Recruitment ◽

Lung Cancer Patients ◽

Study Enrollment

79 Background: Patient-trial matching is a critical step in clinical research recruitment that requires extensive review of clinical data and trial requirements. Prescreening, defined as identifying potentially eligible patients using select eligibility criteria, may streamline the process and increase study enrollment. We describe the real-world experience of implementing a standardized, universal clinical research prescreening protocol within a VA cancer center and its impact on research enrollment. Methods: An IRB approved prescreening protocol was implemented at the VACT Cancer Center in March 2017. All patients with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis of cancer are identified through tumor boards, oncology consults, and clinic lists. Research coordinators perform chart review and manually enter patient demographics, cancer type and stage, and treatment history into a REDCap (Research Electronic Data Capture) database. All clinical trials and their eligibility criteria are also entered into REDCap and updated regularly. REDCap generates real time lists of potential research studies for each patient based on his/her recorded data. The primary oncologist is alerted to a patient’s potential eligibility prior to upcoming clinic visits and thus can plan to discuss clinical research enrollment as appropriate. Results: From March 2017 to December 2020, a total of 2548 unique patients were prescreened into REDCAP. The mean age was 71.5 years, 97.5% were male, and 15.5% were African American. 32.57 % patients had genitourinary cancer, 17.15% had lung cancer, and 46.15% were undergoing malignancy workup. 1412 patients were potentially eligible after prescreening and 556 patients were ultimately enrolled in studies. The number of patients enrolled on therapeutic clinical trials increased after the implementation of the prescreening protocol (35 in 2017, 64 in 2018, 78 in 2019, and 55 in 2020 despite the COVID19 pandemic). Biorepository study enrollment increased from 8 in 2019 to 15 in 2020. The prescreening protocol also enabled 200 patients to be enrolled onto a lung nodule liquid biopsy study from 2017 to 2019. Our prescreening process captured 98.57% of lung cancer patients entered into the cancer registry during the same time period. Conclusions: Universal prescreening streamlined research recruitment operations and was associated with yearly increases in clinical research enrollment at a VA cancer center. Our protocol identified most new lung cancer patients, suggesting that, at least for this malignancy, potential study patients were not missed. The protocol was integral in our program becoming the top accruing VA site for NCI’s National Clinical Trial Network (NCTN) studies since 2019.

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Ideological and Lexical Deviance of Western Media in Reflecting Socio-political Events of Pakistan

International Journal of English Linguistics ◽

10.5539/ijel.v7n6p261 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 261

Author(s):

Saadia Fatima ◽

Muhammad Uzair

Keyword(s):

Discourse Analysis ◽

Critical Discourse Analysis ◽

Critical Discourse ◽

War On Terrorism ◽

Cognitive Approach ◽

Discourse Practices ◽

Political Events ◽

Global Issue ◽

Discourse Practice ◽

Western Media

The research in hand has the objectives to analyse how ideologies are expressed through discourse practices in Western media; how a discourse practice and a linguistic strategy in terms of lexical choices are employed in portraying ideologies in media about Pakistan. Grounded on the theoretical framework of Van Dijk’s socio-cognitive approach of critical discourse analysis and model of Ideology which is the most appropriate to study media discourse, the data will be analysed qualitatively. The method of the current research is critical discourse analysis. The research revolves around the Pakistani socio-political events in Western media from the perspective of a global issue that is a war on terrorism. The research has objectives to investigate what and how Western media has used lexical choices to depict a certain ideology about Pakistan to the world.

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