scholarly journals E-mail and mixed mode database surveys revisited: Exploratory analyses of factors affecting response rates

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhijit Roy ◽  
Paul Berger
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
E Mail

scholarly journals Building on a Sequential Mixed-Mode Research Design in the Monitoring the Future Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan E Patrick ◽  
Mick P Couper ◽  
Bohyun Joy Jang ◽  
Virginia Laetz ◽  
John E Schulenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Web Survey ◽  
12Th Grade ◽  
Monitoring The Future ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Mailed Survey ◽  
The Web

Abstract Given the promise of the web push plus e-mail survey design for providing cost-effective and high-quality data (Patrick et al. 2018, 2019) as an alternative to a paper-and-pencil mailed survey design for the longitudinal Monitoring the Future (MTF) study, the current study sought to further enhance the web push condition. The MTF sample is based on US nationally representative samples of 12th grade students surveyed annually. The MTF control group for the current study included participants who completed the in-school baseline survey in the 12th grade and were selected to participate in their first follow-up survey in 2017 via mailed surveys (N = 1,222). A supplementary sample (N = ∼2,450) was assigned to one of the two sequential mixed-mode conditions. Those in condition 1 (N = 1,198), or mail push, were invited to complete mailed surveys and later given a web survey option. Those in condition 2 (N = 1,173), or enhanced web push, were invited to complete a web survey (the same as in the 2014 study, but with the addition of text messages and quick response (QR) codes and the web survey was optimized for mobile devices) and then later given a mailed survey option. Research aims were to examine response rates across conditions, as well as how responses were distributed across mode (paper, web), devices (computer, smartphone, table), and method of accessing the web survey (hand-entered URL, QR code, e-mail link, SMS link). Response rates differed significantly: the MTF control group was 34.2 percent, mail push was 35.4 percent, and enhanced web push was 42.05 percent. The higher response rate in the enhanced web push condition suggests that the additional strategies were effective at bringing in more respondents. Key estimates produced by the enhanced web push condition did not differ from those of the MTF control group.

Response Rates for Mixed-Mode Surveys Using Mail and E-mail/Web

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick D. Converse ◽  
Edward W. Wolfe ◽  
Xiaoting Huang ◽  
Frederick L. Oswald
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Mail Survey ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Web Survey ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Tailored Design ◽  
E Mail

This study examines response rates for mixed-mode survey implementation involving mail and e-mail/Web components. Using Dillman's Tailored Design Method, 1,500 participants were sent a survey either (a) via mail with a follow-up contact via e-mail that directed them to a Web-based questionnaire or (b) via e-mail that directed them to a Web-based questionnaire with a follow-up contact via mail. Results indicate that these mixed-mode procedures produce moderately high response rates. However, the mail survey tended to be more effective than the e-mail/Web survey, when serving either as the initial contact or as the follow-up contact. These results suggest that survey implementation involving mail followed by e-mail/Web, or even mail-only approaches, may result in larger samples than implementation involving e-mail/Web followed by mail.

scholarly journals Assessing Physician Response Rate Using a Mixed-Mode Survey

2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn R Ahlers-Schmidt ◽  
Amy Chesser ◽  
Traci Hart ◽  
Jordan Jones ◽  
Katherine S Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Text Messaging ◽  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Willingness To Use ◽  
E Mail ◽  
Physician Response

Background. It is important to minimize time and cost of physician surveys while still achieving a reasonable response rate. Mixed-mode survey administration appears to improve response rates and decrease bias. A literature review revealed physician response rates to mixed-mode surveys averaged about 68%. However, no identified studies used the combination of e-mail, fax, and telephone. The purpose of this study was to evaluate physician response rates based on surveys first administered by e-mail, then fax, then telephone. Methods. Surveys initially were administered by e-mail to 149 physicians utilizing SurveyMonkey©. Two follow-up reminder e-mails were sent to non-respondents at two-week intervals. Surveys then were faxed to physicians who had not responded. A follow-up fax was sent to non-respondents one week later. Finally, phone interviews were attempted with physicians who had not responded by e-mail or fax; each physician was called at least twice. Results. Of the 149 eligible physicians, 102 completed the survey for a response rate of 68.5%. Of those who responded, 49 (48%) responded by e-mail, 25 (24.5%) by fax, and 28 (27.5%) by phone. Mode of response did not differ by gender, specialization, or years in practice. In addition, mode of response was not related to the primary study question, physician willingness to use text messaging for immunization reminders. Conclusions. This mix of survey methodologies appeared to be a feasible combination for achieving physician responses and may be more cost effective than other mixed methods.

Response Rates in Online Surveys With Affective Disorder Participants

2020 ◽  
Vol 228 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Burgard ◽  
Michael Bošnjak ◽  
Nadine Wedderhoff
Keyword(s):  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Contact Mode ◽  
General Anxiety Disorder ◽  
General Anxiety ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Survey Participation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Design Characteristics ◽  
E Mail

Abstract. A meta-analysis was performed to determine whether response rates to online psychology surveys have decreased over time and the effect of specific design characteristics (contact mode, burden of participation, and incentives) on response rates. The meta-analysis is restricted to samples of adults with depression or general anxiety disorder. Time and study design effects are tested using mixed-effects meta-regressions as implemented in the metafor package in R. The mean response rate of the 20 studies fulfilling our meta-analytic inclusion criteria is approximately 43%. Response rates are lower in more recently conducted surveys and in surveys employing longer questionnaires. Furthermore, we found that personal invitations, for example, via telephone or face-to-face contacts, yielded higher response rates compared to e-mail invitations. As predicted by sensitivity reinforcement theory, no effect of incentives on survey participation in this specific group (scoring high on neuroticism) could be observed.

E-Mail Marketing

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-83
Author(s):  
Albérico Travassos Rosário
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Research Paper ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Marketing Channels ◽  
Cognitive Responses ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Email Marketing ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
E Mail

Email marketing is a considerable development and includes direct emails, transactional emails, and email newsletters to attract new customers and retain existing ones. This research paper aims to identify and synthesize literature on the effectiveness of email marketing and potential challenges affecting its proper implementation. The research establishes that businesses in the current business environment recognize email marketing's capacity to produce a higher return on investment and generate more sales than traditional marketing channels, such as television. The adoption of permission-based email marketing enables establishing strong relationships between companies and their target audiences, developing emotional, conative, and cognitive responses to the distributed messages. Therefore, salespersons should ensure compliance with legal requirements in email marketing and develop effective strategies of reducing spam emails to avoid negative impressions and increase response rates.

scholarly journals Portuguese Primary Care physicians response rate in surveys: A systematic review

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 272-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuno Basílio ◽  
Sara Cardoso ◽  
José Mendes Nunes ◽  
Liliana Laranjo ◽  
Maria da Luz Antunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Care ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Internal Validity ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Monetary Incentives ◽  
Average Response ◽  
Average Response Rate ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
E Mail

Summary Introduction: Surveys are a useful tool in primary care. However, low response rates can introduce selection bias, impairing both external and internal validity. The aim of this study was to assess the average response rate in surveys with Portuguese general practitioners (GPs). Method: We searched the Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PsychInfo, SciELO, IndexRMP, RCAAP, Revista Portuguesa de Medicina Geral e Familiar, Acta Médica Portuguesa and the proceedings of conferences of general practice from incepton to December 2016. We included all postal, e-mail, telephone and personal surveys to primary care physicians without language restrictions. We did not assess risk of bias of included studies, since the main outcome was survey response rate. We performed planned subgroup analyses of the use of monetary incentives, the use of non-monetary incentives, survey delivery modes and prior contact with participants. Results: A total of 1,094 papers were identified and 37 studies were included in this review. The response rate in surveys done to Portuguese GPs was 56% (95CI 47-64%). There was substantial heterogeneity among included studies (I2=99%), but subgroup analysis did not explain this heterogeneity. Conclusion: Consistent with other published studies, the average response rate in surveys done with Portuguese GPs was 56%, with substantial variation among studies. Use of monetary incentives, one of the most effective strategies to increase response rates, was not present in any of the included studies.

Factors Affecting Response Rates in Medical Imaging Survey Studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 421-427
Author(s):  
Nanxi Zha ◽  
Mostafa Alabousi ◽  
Douglas S. Katz ◽  
Johnny Su ◽  
Michael Patlas
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
Factors Affecting

scholarly journals Transitions From Telephone Surveys to Self-Administered and Mixed-Mode Surveys: Aapor Task Force Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Olson ◽  
Jolene D Smyth ◽  
Rachel Horwitz ◽  
Scott Keeter ◽  
Virginia Lesser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Mode ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Response Rates ◽  
The Self ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Self Administration ◽  
Task Force Report ◽  
Telephone Surveys ◽  
Mixed Modes ◽  
Survey Administration

Abstract Telephone surveys have been a ubiquitous method of collecting survey data, but the environment for telephone surveys is changing. Many surveys are transitioning from telephone to self-administration or combinations of modes for both recruitment and survey administration. Survey organizations are conducting these transitions from telephone to mixed modes with only limited guidance from existing empirical literature and best practices. This article summarizes findings by an AAPOR Task Force on how these transitions have occurred for surveys and research organizations in general. We find that transitions from a telephone to a self-administered or mixed-mode survey are motivated by a desire to control costs, to maintain or improve data quality, or both. The most common mode to recruit respondents when transitioning is mail, but recent mixed-mode studies use only web or mail and web together as survey administration modes. Although early studies found that telephone response rates met or exceeded response rates to the self-administered or mixed modes, after about 2013, response rates to the self-administered or mixed modes tended to exceed those for the telephone mode, largely because of a decline in the telephone mode response rates. Transitioning offers opportunities related to improved frame coverage and geographic targeting, delivery of incentives, visual design of an instrument, and cost savings, but challenges exist related to selecting a respondent within a household, length of a questionnaire, differences across modes in use of computerization to facilitate skip patterns and other questionnaire design features, and lack of an interviewer for respondent motivation and clarification. Other challenges related to surveying youth, conducting surveys in multiple languages, collecting nonsurvey data such as biomeasures or consent to link to administrative data, and estimation with multiple modes are also prominent.

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