scholarly journals Towards culturally competent health care: Language use of bilingual staff

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maree Johnson ◽  
Cathy Noble ◽  
Clair Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Culturally Competent ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Area Health ◽  
Competent Health Care

The presence of diverse language skills within health staff provides opportunitiesto better meet the needs of a multicultural population. A cross-sectional survey ofall staff within the South Western Sydney Area Health Service was undertaken tocompare language skills with population needs and examine the context of languageuse. Thirty-one per cent of staff (n = 964) were bilingual or multilingual, with the predominant languages spoken being Tagalog (Filipino), Cantonese, Hindi, Spanish, Vietnamese and Italian. Thirty-seven per cent of bilingual staff used theirlanguage skills at least weekly, predominantly in situations of simple conversation and giving directions. Bilingual staff are a valuable resource for the organisation and the presence of a similar overall proportion of bilingual and bicultural staff may engender tolerance and adaptability in providing care to a diverse population. However, supply does not directly match community demand. This mismatch will continue unless recruitment is focused towards identified language groups. The high proportion of staff who rarely used their language skills (37%) may be due to lack of opportunity or limited need, and suggests that further research needs to examineservice models that locate bilingual workers close to client need. This study takesa crucial first step towards realising equitable and culturally appropriate careutilising the principles of productive diversity.

scholarly journals Influence of language skills on the choice of terms used to describe lung sounds in a language other than English: a cross-sectional survey of staff physicians, residents and medical students

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e044240
Author(s):  
Abraham Bohadana ◽  
Hava Azulai ◽  
Amir Jarjoui ◽  
George Kalak ◽  
Ariel Rokach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Dual Language ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
C Language ◽  
Audio Recordings ◽  
Chest Auscultation ◽  
English Speaking

IntroductionThe value of chest auscultation would be enhanced by the use of a standardised terminology. To that end, the recommended English terminology must be transferred to a language other than English (LOTE) without distortion.ObjectiveTo examine the transfer to Hebrew—taken as a model of LOTE—of the recommended terminology in English.Design/settingCross-sectional study; university-based hospital.Participants143 caregivers, including 31 staff physicians, 65 residents and 47 medical students.MethodsObservers provided uninstructed descriptions in Hebrew and English of audio recordings of five common sounds, namely, normal breath sound (NBS), wheezes, crackles, stridor and pleural friction rub (PFR).Outcomes(a) Rates of correct/incorrect classification; (b) correspondence between Hebrew and recommended English terms; c) language and auscultation skills, assessed by crossing the responses in the two languages with each other and with the classification of the audio recordings validated by computer analysis.ResultsRange (%) of correct rating was as follows: NBS=11.3–20, wheezes=79.7–87.2, crackles=58.6–69.8, stridor=67.4–96.3 and PFR=2.7–28.6. Of 60 Hebrew terms, 11 were correct, and 5 matched the recommended English terms. Many Hebrew terms were adaptations or transliterations of inadequate English terms. Of 687 evaluations, good dual-language and single-language skills were found in 586 (85.3%) and 41 (6%), respectively. However, in 325 (47.3%) evaluations, good language skills were associated with poor auscultation skills.ConclusionPoor auscultation skills surpassed poor language skills as a factor hampering the transfer to Hebrew (LOTE) of the recommended English terminology. Improved education in auscultation emerged as the main factor to promote the use of standardised lung sound terminology. Using our data, a strategy was devised to encourage the use of standardised terminology in non-native English-speaking countries.

scholarly journals The validation of the Utrecht work engagement scale for emergency medical technicians in Gauteng

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 459-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
JLP Naudé ◽  
S Rothmann
Keyword(s):  
Work Engagement ◽  
Emergency Medical Technicians ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Utrecht Work Engagement Scale ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Emergency Medical ◽  
Construct Equivalence ◽  
Black Employees ◽  
Engagement Scale

The objectives of this study were to validate the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) for emergency medical technicians in the Gauteng Province of South Africa and to determine its construct equivalence and bias for different language groups. A cross-sectional survey design was used with a convenient sample (N = 318) of emergency medical technicians in Gauteng. The UWES and a biographical questionnaire were administered. A two-factor model of work engagement, consisting of Vigour/Dedication and Absorption was found. Exploratory factor analysis with target rotations confirmed the construct equivalence of the work engagement construct for white and black employees.

scholarly journals The psychometric properties of the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cara S. Jonker ◽  
Christel Vosloo
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Education Institution ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Emotional Management ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

the objective of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (SEiS). the psychometric soundness of the SEiS was tested. A cross-sectional survey design was used for this study. A sample (n = 341) was taken from Economical Science students from a higher-education institution. The results obtained using the cross-sectional design supported a six- dimensional factor structure of the SEiS. the six factors are Positive Affect, Emotion-Others, happy Emotions, Emotions-Own, Non-verbal Emotions and Emotional Management. A multi-analysis of variance (MANOVA) was used to determine differences in terms of biographical data. the results indicated signifcant differences between gender and language groups.

scholarly journals Patient-cost survey for tuberculosis in the context of patient-pathway modelling

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 420-427 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Tomeny ◽  
V. L. Mendoza ◽  
D. B. Marcelo ◽  
A. J. D. Barrameda ◽  
I. Langley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Field Testing ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Annual Household Income ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patient Pathway ◽  
Patient Pathways ◽  
Mdr Tb

SETTING: Eight tuberculosis treatment sites in Cavite Province, the Philippines, including two sites specialising in management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB).OBJECTIVE: To evaluate costs incurred by TB patients and to determine the proportion of households that faced catastrophic costs, then to consider cost survey responses alongside results of detailed patient-pathway modelling.DESIGN: Clustered cross-sectional survey using a field testing version of the WHO TB patient-costing tool and protocol; face-to-face interviews with 194 patients conducted in May–August 2016. Costs included direct-medical, direct non-medical and indirect costs using the human capital approach. Patients were deemed to incur catastrophic expenditure if TB-related costs exceeded 20% of annual household income. Patient pathways were modelled following multiple health staff interviews.RESULTS: Estimated mean cost incurred by patients with drug-susceptible TB was US$321 vs. $2356 for MDR-TB patients. Catastrophic costs were suffered by 28% of drug-susceptible and 80% of MDR-TB patients, with lost income being the largest contributor. Patient-pathway modelling suggested most patients had under-reported health visits.CONCLUSION: Survey results indicate that patient costs are large for all patients in Cavite, particularly for MDR-TB patients. Patient-pathway modelling suggests these costs are an underestimate due to poor recollection of health visits, suggesting that the WHO instrument and protocol could be improved to better capture the diagnostic journey.

scholarly journals Occupational stress of emergency workers in Gauteng

2003 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. P. Naudé ◽  
S. Rothmann
Keyword(s):  
Survey Design ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
Occupational Stressors ◽  
Work Stressors ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Language Groups ◽  
Emergency Workers ◽  
Structural Equivalence ◽  
Construct Equivalence

The objectives of this study were to determine the construct validity, internal consistency, construct equivalence and item bias of the Emergency Worker Stress Inventory (EWSI) and to identify occupational stressors for emergency workers. A cross-sectional survey design was used. An accidental sample (N = 405) of emergency workers in Gauteng was used. The EWSI was developed as a measuring instrument and administered together with a biographical questionnaire. Three internally consistent stress factors, namely Lack of Resources, Job Demands and Inherent Emergency Work Stressors w ere extracted. Low structural equivalence regarding perceived stressors was detected for the Nguni-language group. No practically significant differences were found between occupational stressors of emergency workers in different positions and language groups. Opsomming Die doelstellings van hierdie navorsing was om die konstrukgeldigheid, interne konsekwentheid, konstrukekwivalensie en itemsydigheid van die Nooddienswerker Stresvraelys (NWSV) te bepaal en beroepstressore vir nooddienswerkers te identifiseer. ’n Dwarssnee opname-ontwerp is gebruik. Die studiepopulasie is met behulp van ’n beskikbaarheidsteekproef (N = 405) van nooddienswerkers in Gauteng verkry. Die NWSV is ontwikkel vir die studie en saam met ’n biografiese vraelys afgeneem. Drie interne konsekwente stresfaktore, naamlik Tekort aan Hulpbronne, Poseise en Inherente Nooddiens Stressore is onttrek. Lae konstrukekwivalensie is ten opsigte van waargenome stressore vir die Nguni taalgroep gevind. Geen prakties betekenisvolle verskille is tussen die beroepstressore van nooddienswerkers in verskillende posisies en taalgroepe gevind nie.

scholarly journals Language use and suicide: An online cross-sectional survey

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. e0217473
Author(s):  
Prianka Padmanathan ◽  
Lucy Biddle ◽  
Katherine Hall ◽  
Elizabeth Scowcroft ◽  
Emma Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Staff attitudes to completely smoke-free policies and smoking cessation practices in a mental health setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-411
Author(s):  
A Ratier-Cruz ◽  
J G Smith ◽  
M Firn ◽  
M Rinaldi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Health Staff ◽  
Staff Attitudes ◽  
Mental Health Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Allied Health Professionals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mental Health Settings

ABSTRACT Background Mental health trusts in England were expected to become completely smoke-free and embed smoking cessation practices by 2018. Such policies are fraught with concerns and have received mixed support from mental health staff. Understanding staff attitudes to these practices prior to enforcement of the policy could help design an effective implementation strategy. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with clinical and non-clinical staff in a Mental Health Trust to understand smoking cessation practices and attitudes to the implementation of a completely smoke-free policy. Results There were 631 responses. Most participants disagreed with the policy on wards (59.6%) and throughout all mental health settings (57.4%). Clinicians expressed significantly lower organizational policy support (P = 0.001) than non-clinicians (P = 0.001). Psychiatrists were more supportive of the organizational items than nurses and allied health professionals. Clinicians’ attitudes towards smoking cessation practices were less positive for those who were current smokers (P < 0.001), but more positive for clinicians who had received or were interested in attending smoking cessation training (P < 0.001). Conclusions Partial and completely smoke-free policies remain unsupported by staff in mental health settings. Smoking cessation training appears to reinforce rather than alter attitudes towards smoking cessation.

Formative research to promote the Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service (GHS) in the Australian-Chinese community

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 248
Author(s):  
Leonie Cranney ◽  
Li Ming Wen ◽  
Huilan Xu ◽  
Nancy Tam ◽  
Anna Whelan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Beliefs ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Relevant Information ◽  
Formative Research ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Chinese Community ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sydney Australia

The free, telephone-based Get Healthy Information and Coaching Service (GHS) has made sustained improvements in healthy behaviours and weight change in the Australian population, but there is poor uptake of the GHS by culturally and linguistically diverse communities. This formative research study explored the Australian-Chinese community’s awareness, perceptions and experiences of the GHS and their knowledge and cultural beliefs about healthy lifestyles. Conducted in Sydney, Australia, the research included 16 Chinese community-stakeholder interviews, a cross-sectional survey of 253 Chinese community members; and a review of Chinese participant GHS data. The study revealed poor uptake (<1%) and awareness (16%) of the GHS, but good intent (86%) to use it. The need for culturally appropriate and relevant information on healthy eating and physical activity was identified. Employment of a bilingual, bicultural coach, redesign and translation of written resources and targeted promotion in partnership with community organisations were recommended.

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