Influence of language skills on the choice of terms used to describe lung sounds in a language other than English: a cross-sectional survey of staff physicians, residents and medical students

IntroductionThe value of chest auscultation would be enhanced by the use of a standardised terminology. To that end, the recommended English terminology must be transferred to a language other than English (LOTE) without distortion.ObjectiveTo examine the transfer to Hebrew—taken as a model of LOTE—of the recommended terminology in English.Design/settingCross-sectional study; university-based hospital.Participants143 caregivers, including 31 staff physicians, 65 residents and 47 medical students.MethodsObservers provided uninstructed descriptions in Hebrew and English of audio recordings of five common sounds, namely, normal breath sound (NBS), wheezes, crackles, stridor and pleural friction rub (PFR).Outcomes(a) Rates of correct/incorrect classification; (b) correspondence between Hebrew and recommended English terms; c) language and auscultation skills, assessed by crossing the responses in the two languages with each other and with the classification of the audio recordings validated by computer analysis.ResultsRange (%) of correct rating was as follows: NBS=11.3–20, wheezes=79.7–87.2, crackles=58.6–69.8, stridor=67.4–96.3 and PFR=2.7–28.6. Of 60 Hebrew terms, 11 were correct, and 5 matched the recommended English terms. Many Hebrew terms were adaptations or transliterations of inadequate English terms. Of 687 evaluations, good dual-language and single-language skills were found in 586 (85.3%) and 41 (6%), respectively. However, in 325 (47.3%) evaluations, good language skills were associated with poor auscultation skills.ConclusionPoor auscultation skills surpassed poor language skills as a factor hampering the transfer to Hebrew (LOTE) of the recommended English terminology. Improved education in auscultation emerged as the main factor to promote the use of standardised lung sound terminology. Using our data, a strategy was devised to encourage the use of standardised terminology in non-native English-speaking countries.

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Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Psychological Distress of Medical Students in Japan: Cross-sectional Survey Study (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.25232 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yoshito Nishimura ◽

Kanako Ochi ◽

Kazuki Tokumasu ◽

Mikako Obika ◽

Hideharu Hagiya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Medical Students ◽

Online Education ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Survey Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

State Of Emergency ◽

Web Based ◽

Subjective Mental Health

BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has negatively affected medical education. However, little data are available about medical students’ distress during the pandemic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide details on how medical students have been affected by the pandemic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 717 medical students participated in the web-based survey. The survey included questions about how the participants’ mental status had changed from before to after the Japanese nationwide state of emergency (SOE). RESULTS Out of 717 medical students, 473 (66.0%) participated in the study. In total, 29.8% (141/473) of the students reported concerns about the shift toward online education, mostly because they thought online education would be ineffective compared with in-person learning. The participants’ subjective mental health status significantly worsened after the SOE was lifted (<i>P</i><.001). Those who had concerns about a shift toward online education had higher odds of having generalized anxiety and being depressed (odds ratio [OR] 1.97, 95% CI 1.19-3.28) as did those who said they would request food aid (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.16-3.44) and mental health care resources (OR 3.56, 95% CI 2.07-6.15). CONCLUSIONS Given our findings, the sudden shift to online education might have overwhelmed medical students. Thus, we recommend that educators inform learners that online learning is not inferior to in-person learning, which could attenuate potential depression and anxiety.

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Acceptability of the Coronavirus Disease-2019 Vaccine Among Medical Students in Uganda: a Cross Sectional Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-425207/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Marvin Kanyike ◽

Ronald Olum ◽

Jonathan Kajjimu ◽

Daniel Ojilong ◽

Grabriel Madut Akech ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Perceived Risk ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Vaccine Hesitancy ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Future Health ◽

Vaccine Acceptability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Future ◽

Global Threat

Abstract Background COVID-19 is still a major global threat and vaccination remains the long-lasting solution. Unanimous uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine is required to subsequently avert its spread. We therefore, assessed COVID-19 vaccine acceptability, hesitancy, and associated factors among medical students in Uganda. Methods This study employed an online descriptive cross-sectional survey among medical students across 10 medical schools in Uganda. A structured questionnaire as a Google form was sent to participants via WhatsApp. Data was extracted and analyzed using Microsoft Excel 2016 and STATA 16. Descriptive statistics, bivariate and multivariable analyses were performed. Results We surveyed 600 medical students, 377 (62.8%) were male. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and acceptability were 30.7% and 37.3%, respectively. Factors associated with vaccine acceptability were being female (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI: 1.3–2.9, p = 0.001), being single (aOR = 2.1, 95% CI 1.1–3.9, p = 0.022). Very high (aOR = 3.5, 95% CI 1.7–6.9, p < 0.001) or moderate (aOR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.2–4.1, p = 0.008) perceived risk of getting COVID-19 in the future, receiving any vaccine in the past 5 years (aOR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.5, p = 0.017), and COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy (aOR 0.6, 95% CI 0.4–0.9, p = 0.036). Conclusions This study revealed low levels of acceptance towards the COVID-19 vaccine among medical students, low self-perceived risks of COVID-19, and many had relied on social media that provided them with negative information. This poses an evident risk on the battle towards COVID-19 in the future especially when these future health professions are expected to be influencing decisions of the general public towards the same.

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Attitudes on euthanasia among medical students and doctors in Sri Lanka: a cross sectional study

BMC Medical Ethics ◽

10.1186/s12910-021-00731-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

H. M. M. T. B. Herath ◽

K. W. S. M. Wijayawardhana ◽

U. I. Wickramarachchi ◽

Chaturaka Rodrigo

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sri Lanka ◽

Work Experience ◽

Assisted Suicide ◽

Significant Proportion ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical Undergraduates

Abstract Background Euthanasia is a topic of intense ethical debate and it is illegal in most countries at present, including Sri Lanka. The aim of this descriptive cross-sectional study of medical students and practicing doctors was to explore the acceptance of euthanasia and physician assisted suicide (PAS), and factors influencing this opinion. Methods A customised online questionnaire which explored opinions on euthanasia was administered to first and final year medical undergraduates in University of Colombo and practicing doctors with more than 5 years of work experience at The National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Attitudes on euthanasia and PAS were also assessed with the attitudes towards euthanasia (ATE) Scale, which is a 10-item questionnaire. Results A total of 425 individuals responded (males: 178, 42%, age: median – 27 years), which included 143 (33.6%) first-year medical undergraduates, 141 (33.2%) final-year medical undergraduates and 141 (33.2%) practicing doctors. More participants (200, 47.1%) favoured legalizing euthanasia than those directly opposing it (110, 25.9%), but a significant proportion (27%) remained undecided. The mean scores of ATE questionnaire from the whole sample were generally unfavourable towards euthanasia/PAS. Accepting euthanasia as an option for oneself (p = < 0.001) was the strongest predictor of favouring euthanasia/PAS or supporting its legalization. Conclusion In this cross-sectional survey, more respondents supported legalisation of euthanasia in Sri Lanka than those openly opposing it. Yet, a significant minority that responded as “undecided” for legalisation, were more likely to have unfavourable ATE.

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COVIDReady2 Study Protocol: Cross-sectional Survey of Medical Student Volunteering and Education During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United Kingdom

10.1101/2021.02.24.21252103 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthew H V Byrne ◽

James Ashcroft ◽

Laith Alexander ◽

Jonathan C M Wan ◽

Anmol Arora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

Medical Students ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Clinical Support ◽

Qualitative Responses ◽

Education Opportunity

Background and objectives: Covid-19 has led to global disruption of healthcare. Many students volunteered to provide clinical support. Volunteering to work in a clinical capacity was a unique medical education opportunity; however, it is unknown whether this was a positive learning experience or which volunteering roles were of most benefit to students. Methods and Design: The COVIDReady2 study is a national cross-sectional study of all medical students at UK medical schools. The primary outcome is to explore the experiences of medical students who volunteered during the pandemic in comparison to those who did not. We will compare responses to determine the educational benefit and issues they faced. In addition to quantitative analysis, thematic analysis will be used to identify themes in qualitative responses. Discussion: There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that service roles have potential to enhance medical education; yet, there is a shortage of studies able to offer practical advice for how these roles may be incorporated in future medical education. We anticipate that this study will help to identify volunteer structures that have been beneficial for students, so that similar infrastructures can be used in the future, and help inform medical education in a non-pandemic setting.

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Prevalence of Smartphone Addiction and its Effects on Sub-Health and Insomnia: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Medical Students

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1062413/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Huan Liu ◽

Ming Zhang ◽

Zhiqing Zhou ◽

Long Huang ◽

Ergang Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Alcohol Consumption ◽

Detection Rate ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Smartphone Addiction ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Chinese Medical Students

Abstract Objective This study aimed to assess the Chinese medical students’ smartphone addiction and its effects on sub-health and insomnia. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 14 October 2020 to 14 November 2020, by administering an online questionnaire to the students of Wannan Medical College. Results Of 2741 students who completed the survey, 1,447 (52.8%) had smartphone addiction. Don’t like the major(p=0.004),alcohol consumption (p=0.001),bring smartphone to bed(p= 0.000),depression(p=0.000) and anxiety(p=0.000) strong associations of smartphone addiction.The impacts of smartphone addiction on sub-health(p=0.000) and insomnia(p=0.000) are significantly. Conclusion This survey shows that the smartphone addiction detection rate of medical students was 52.8%. Don’t like the major, alcohol consumption,bring smartphone to bed,depression and anxiety students had a higher smartphone addiction detection rate. The sub-health and insomnia of medical students are associated with smartphone addiction.

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Medical Students’ Perspective and Knowledge of Asymptomatic Hyperuricemia and Gout Management: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽

10.3390/healthcare9121639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 1639

Author(s):

Sanja Zuzic Furlan ◽

Doris Rusic ◽

Marko Kumric ◽

Josko Bozic ◽

Marino Vilovic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Treatment Approach ◽

Daily Practice ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Medical Studies ◽

Pharmacological Interventions ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

School Of Medicine ◽

The University

The prevalence and incidence of gout doubled from 1990 to 2017. Therefore, we can expect that a number of doctors have come across a patient with gout in their daily practice. Hence, we wanted to investigate how familiar our medical students, as future medical professionals, are with gout. This cross-sectional survey included Medical Studies students from the two largest universities in Croatia: the University of Split School of Medicine, and the University of Zagreb School of Medicine, and included a total of 221 fifth or sixth year medical students. Most students gave correct answers to questions about treatment approach and non-pharmacological interventions in asymptomatic hyperuricemia (>80%). Less than 3% of all students agreed they knew enough about care for patients with asymptomatic hyperuricemia, whereas almost 15% thought they were well familiar with care for gout patients. Less than 8% of students considered their school education adequate on both topics, and less than 2% were aware of the existence of EULAR guidelines. Physicians lacking in the latest knowledge on the pathophysiology of gout, the influence of lifestyle, and genetic factors limits their ability to properly manage gout. With increasing prevalence, gout should be more represented in medical students’ education.

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Excessive Daytime Sleepiness Among Medical Students – A Cross-Sectional Survey to Study the Risk Factors

Proceedings International ◽

10.33263/proceedings21.034034 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 34

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Excessive Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

Sleep is a condition of the body and mind which typically occurs for several hours every night, in which the nervous system is inactive, the eyes are closed, the postural muscles are relaxed, and consciousness is practically suspended. Daytime sleepiness, or difficulty in maintaining a desired level of wakefulness, is frequently viewed by the general population as a common experience and predictable consequence of insufficient sleep. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of excessive daytime sleepiness and factors associated with medical students in a private university in Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among year 1 to year 5 medical students. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The data were analyzed using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences (SPSS) version 19.0. A minimum sample size of 400 was obtained. The percentage of Excessive day time sleepiness (EDS) among the students was 44% (176 of 400). Association between EDS and other independent variables was seen by the Chi-square test with p-value < 0.05 considered as a significant association. Of the various factors determined, a statistically significant association was found between internet usage and EDS.

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Exploring speciality preferences and the influencing factors among undergraduate medical students at University of Kufa - Iraq: a questionnaire-based cross-sectional survey

Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association ◽

10.47391/jpma.1358 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Amjed Hamid Obaid Al-Jaeed ◽

Yosif Mohammed Hasan Jawad Al-Rammahi ◽

Mohammed Albaqer Abbas Baqer Mawash ◽

Hameed Kareem Shaalan Al-Hadrawy ◽

Basima Shamkhi Jabbar Al Ghazali

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Influencing Factors ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Male Students ◽

Undergraduate Medical Students ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Self Administered Questionnaire

Abstract Objective: To explore Kufa medical students’ preferences of carrier specialization and to investigate the factors that influence their choice of specialty. Methods: By using a non-probability convenience sampling technique, a cross-sectional study was performed on (566) medical students from the second-to-sixth-year in University of Kufa, from the 27th of January to the 21st of February 2019 to study the factors that affect the choice of specialties in undergraduate medical students. An anonymous, structured, self-administered questionnaire was handed out to the students and consisted of three sections covering demographic data, the preferred specialty, and the cause behind selecting the specialty. Data analysis was performed using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 25 for windows. Results: Cardiology was the most chosen specialty 55 (9.7%) followed by Pediatrics 46 (8.1%) and Dermatology 45 (8.0%). Additionally, 40 (7.1%) students haven’t decided their specialties yet. The most chosen factors in a descending fashion were "My Passion" which was chosen by 427 (75.4%) students, followed by "income" 67 (11.8%), "less on-call duties" 51 (9.0%), "mentor inspiration" 46 (8.1%), "family member inspiration" 34 (6.0%), "reputation" 22 (3.8%), "less competition" 15 (2.6%), and "number of residency years" 8 (1.4%). Conclusion: Being passionate about or having a keen interest in the selected speciality were the major influencing factors for students to select their future speciality. However, male students' choices based mainly on the “income” and “reputation” of the field, while females opted to choose “less on call duties” more than males. Continuous...

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The Impact of Covid-19 on Medical Students: A Cross Sectional Survey

10.53350/pjmhs2115112905 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 2905-2909

Author(s):

Rakesh Kumar ◽

Haresh Kumar ◽

Rakhi Kumari ◽

Jawed Dars ◽

Shahzaib Qureshi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Living Arrangements ◽

Online Survey ◽

Psychological Impact ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

High Rate ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Impact

Aim: To understand the psychological impact of COVID – 19 on Medical Students of a private sector Medical University in Karachi, Pakistan. Method: This cross-sectional study was conducted among medical students studying at Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan. The data collection was done through online survey from July 2020 to December 2020. The study aimed to gather data from many medical students. A total number of 420 students were participated from Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry in Karachi, Pakistan. The participants were selected from all years of MBBS and BDS programs . Results: Out of 420 participants, 236 (56.2%) were male and 184 (43.8%) female, with a male:female ration of 1.28:1. Majority of participants were single as 411 (97.9%), of 224 (53.3%) students living with their family, 150 (35.7%) in hostel and 46 (11%) living with friends. In our sample 369 (87.9%) students studying in MBBS program while only 51 (12.1%) BDS, among those 80 (19%) medical students were in first year, followed by 122 (29%) second year, 65 (15.5%) third year, 54 (12.9%) fourth year and 99 (23.6%) studying in final year. IES-R scale and results shows 75 (17.9%) reported that PTSD is a clinical concern, probable diagnosis of PTSD 28 (6.7%) and majority rated as high enough to PTSD 133 (31.7%). Impact of event (revised) scale shows significant association with age and year of study with p value 0.026 and 0.002 respectively. Based on the PHQ9 scale, Gender, Living arrangements and the program enrolled in were reported significant association with depression p values 0.059, 0.008 and 0.006 respectively. Conclusion: Findings suggests high rate of anxiety, depression, and signs of PTSD in medical students due to COVID-19 which needs pressing attention and provision of professional help from mental health practitioners. Keywords: Impact, Covid-19, Medical students

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COVIDReady2 study protocol: cross-sectional survey of medical student volunteering and education during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United Kingdom

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02629-4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Matthew H. V. Byrne ◽

◽

James Ashcroft ◽

Laith Alexander ◽

Jonathan C. M. Wan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Education ◽

United Kingdom ◽

Medical Students ◽

Learning Experience ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

Clinical Support ◽

Qualitative Responses

Abstract Background The coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has led to global disruption of healthcare. Many students volunteered to provide clinical support. Volunteering to work in a clinical capacity was a unique medical education opportunity; however, it is unknown whether this was a positive learning experience or which volunteering roles were of most benefit to students. Methods The COVIDReady2 study is a national cross-sectional study of all medical students at medical schools in the United Kingdom. The primary outcome is to explore the experiences of medical students who volunteered during the pandemic in comparison to those who did not. We will compare responses to determine the educational benefit and issues they faced. In addition to quantitative analysis, thematic analysis will be used to identify themes in qualitative responses. Discussion There is a growing body of evidence to suggest that service roles have potential to enhance medical education; yet, there is a shortage of studies able to offer practical advice for how these roles may be incorporated in future medical education. We anticipate that this study will help to identify volunteer structures that have been beneficial for students, so that similar infrastructures can be used in the future, and help inform medical education in a non-pandemic setting. Trial registration Not Applicable.

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