Implications of accurate geomechanical modelling and systematic core testing for sanding evaluation and sand control decisions – a case study from Perth Basin

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 267
Author(s):  
Sadegh Asadi ◽  
Abbas Khaksar ◽  
Mark Fabian ◽  
Roger Xiang ◽  
David N. Dewhurst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Mechanical Tests ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Stress Regime ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Rock Mechanical Properties

Accurate knowledge of in-situ stresses and rock mechanical properties are required for a reliable sanding risk evaluation. This paper shows an example, from the Waitsia Gas Field in the northern Perth Basin, where a robust well centric geomechanical model is calibrated with field data and laboratory rock mechanical tests. The analysis revealed subtle variations from the regional stress regime for the target reservoir with significant implications for sanding tendency and sand management strategies. An initial evaluation using a non-calibrated stress model indicated low sanding risks under both initial and depleted pressure conditions. However, the revised sanding evaluation calibrated with well test observations indicated considerable sanding risk after 500 psi of pressure depletion. The sanding rate is expected to increase with further depletion, requiring well intervention for existing producers and active sand control for newly drilled wells that are cased and perforated. This analysis indicated negligible field life sanding risk for vertical and low-angle wells if completed open hole. The results are used for sand management in existing wells and completion decisions for future wells. A combination of passive surface handling and downhole sand control methods are considered on a well-by-well basis. Existing producers are currently monitored for sand production using acoustic detectors. For full field development, sand catchers will also be installed as required to ensure sand production is quantified and managed.

Value of Managing the Subsurface Risks and Uncertainties in the Project Execution; A Successful Case History in Merakes Green Gas Field Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dian Kurniawan ◽  
Gabriela Carrasquero ◽  
Edo Richardo Daniel ◽  
Kurnia Wirya Praja ◽  
Elisa Spelta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Acquisition ◽  
Reservoir Characterization ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Extensive Evaluation ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
The Way

Abstract Implementing a proactive approach with comprehensive reservoir characterization, risks identification and mitigation are key elements that have to be deeply investigated before the project execution for achieving the optimum results in field development. A tremendous result on the seismic driven field development and synergy with a fast track development concept in Merakes green gas field has been achieved. In this paper, the conceptual and methodologies are described in the way of managing the subsurface risks and uncertainties during the planning and execution phase. A suitable example in Merakes field development which classified as "appraisal while developing", since the remaining risks still exist during development campaign, is presented. By having only two exploration wells with limited data, a robust upfront reservoir characterization and modeling were quite challenging to provide a reliable image of the subsurface condition. The enhancement on the way of constructing an integrated reservoir study prior to the field development is considered an essential requirement that has to be done before the project execution. A comprehensive approach that maximizes the integration of Geology, Geophysics and Reservoir Engineering disciplines and brings out the reservoir risk quantification has been considered as a basis and strategic driver for both subsurface quantitative description and de-risking of development wells locations. Focusing on the subsurface risk criticality, the compartmentalization, rock facies quality, gas-water contact depth and sand production were considered as the main critical aspects that could impact the final success. Preserving mitigation strategies and adapting development flexibility concept have been prepared to overcome such subsurface unexpected conditions. A description of the well placement strategy which widely open to be optimized during the drilling campaign was allowed and brought benefits in mitigating the compartmentalization risk. The readiness of an adequate and comprehensive data acquisition program including log data acquisition, coring and well testing in the development wells has been prepared. Moreover, a sidetrack contingency plan has been also considered for a key-well in case of worse than expected results. With know-how and experiences on the nearby field development, an extensive evaluation of water and sand production risks was derisked by selecting smart completion and sand control technologies. A holistic integration between subsurface, drilling, petroleum, facilities disciplines is considered of paramount importance in development projects. The awareness of the field's risks and uncertainties allows maximizing efforts in following up the drilling phase promptly adapting the data acquisition plan to the effective level of residual uncertainty and related development risk. Eventually the good match between the expected scenario and the actual well results allowed to cancel most of the costly data acquisition plans which contributed to a positive impact on the project cost and time-saving.

Marginal Gas Field Development through Innovative Sand Control Completion Concept

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zamberi ◽  
M. Mohd Sallehud-Din ◽  
S. Shaffee ◽  
N. Nik Kamaruddin ◽  
M. B. Jadid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Sand Control

scholarly journals The Waitsia Field, onshore North Perth Basin, Western Australia

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil Tupper ◽  
Eric Matthews ◽  
Gareth Cooper ◽  
Andy Furniss ◽  
Tim Hicks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flow Characteristics ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Upper Permian ◽  
Depth Interval ◽  
Lower Permian ◽  
Minimal Processing ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Primary Porosity

The Waitsia Field represents a new commercial play for the onshore north Perth Basin with potential to deliver substantial reserves and production to the domestic gas market. The discovery was made in 2014 by deepening of the Senecio–3 appraisal well to evaluate secondary reservoir targets. The well successfully delineated the extent of the primary target in the Upper Permian Dongara and Wagina sandstones of the Senecio gas field but also encountered a combination of good-quality and tight gas pay in the underlying Lower Permian Kingia and High Cliff sandstones. The drilling of the Waitsia–1 and Waitsia–2 wells in 2015, and testing of Senecio-3 and Waitsia-1, confirmed the discovery of a large gas field with excellent flow characteristics. Wireline log and pressure data define a gross gas column in excess of 350 m trapped within a low-side fault closure that extends across 50 km2. The occurrence of good-quality reservoir in the depth interval 3,000–3,800 m is diagenetically controlled with clay rims inhibiting quartz cementation and preserving excellent primary porosity. Development planning for Waitsia has commenced with the likelihood of an early production start-up utilising existing wells and gas processing facilities before ramp-up to full-field development. The dry gas will require minimal processing, and access to market is facilitated by the Dampier–Bunbury and Parmelia gas pipelines that pass directly above the field. The Waitsia Field is believed to be the largest conventional Australian onshore discovery for more than 30 years and provides impetus and incentive for continued exploration in mature and frontier basins. The presence of good-quality reservoir and effective fault seal was unexpected and emphasise the need to consider multiple geological scenarios and to test unorthodox ideas with the drill bit.

Achieving Cementing Improvement in Horizontal Tight Gas Field Development

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pungki Ariyanto ◽  
Mohamed.A.. A. Najwani ◽  
Yaseen Najwani ◽  
Hani Al Lawati ◽  
Jochen Pfeiffer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Gas ◽  
Cement Slurry ◽  
Tight Sandstone ◽  
Gas Field ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Horizontal Drain ◽  
Tight Reservoir ◽  
Design For All ◽  
Zonal Isolation

Abstract This paper outlines how a drilling team is meeting the challenge of cementing a production liner in deep horizontal drain sections in a tight sandstone reservoir. It is intended to show how the application of existing technologies and processes is leading to performance gain and improvements in cementing quality. The full field development plan of the tight reservoir gas project in the Sultanate of Oman is based on drilling around 300 wells targeting gas producing horizons at measured depths of around 6,000m MD with 1,000m horizontal sections. Effective cement placement for zonal isolation is critical across the production liner in order to contain fracture propagation in the correct zone. The first few attempts to cement the production liner in these wells had to overcome many challenges before finally achieving the well objectives. By looking at the complete system, rather than just the design of the cement slurry, the following criteria areas were identified: –Slurry design–Mud removal and cement slurry placement–Liner hanger and float equipment Improvements have been made in each of these areas, and the result has been delivery of a succesfully optimised liner cementing design for all future horizontal wells.

A geomechanical approach for sanding risk assessment applied to three field cases for completion optimisation

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil Rahman ◽  
Abbas Khaksar ◽  
Toby Kayes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Petroleum Industry ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Development Planning ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Production Prediction

Mitigation of sand production is increasingly becoming an important and challenging issue in the petroleum industry. This is because the increasing demand for oil and gas resources is forcing the industry to expand its production operations in more challenging unconsolidated reservoir rocks and depleted sandstones with more complex well completion architecture. A sand production prediction study is now often an integral part of an overall field development planning study to see if and when sand production will be an issue over the life of the field. The appropriate type of sand control measures and a cost-effective sand management strategy are adopted for the field depending on timing and the severity of predicted sand production. This paper presents a geomechanical modelling approach that integrates production or flow tests history with information from drilling data, well logs and rock mechanics tests. The approach has been applied to three fields in the Australasia region, all with different geological settings. The studies resulted in recommendations for three different well completion and sand control approaches. This highlights that there is no unique solution for sand production problems, and that a robust geomechanical model is capable of finding a field-specific solution considering in-situ stresses, rock strength, well trajectory, reservoir depletion, drawdown and perforation strategy. The approach results in cost-effective decision making for appropriate well/perforation trajectory, completion type (e.g. cased hole, openhole or liner completion), drawdown control or delayed sand control installation. This type of timely decision making often turns what may be perceived as an economically marginal field development scenario into a profitable project. This paper presents three case studies to provide well engineers with guidelines to understanding the principles and overall workflow involved in sand production prediction and minimisation of sand production risk by optimising completion type.

scholarly journals EPS Conceptual Design for GoM Deepwater Fields

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Choi ◽  
Andrew Kilner ◽  
Hayden Marcollo ◽  
Tim Withall ◽  
Chris Carra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Test System ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Well Performance ◽  
Compressed Natural Gas ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Early Production

To avoid making billion dollar mistakes, operators with discoveries in deepwater (∼3,000m) Gulf of Mexico (GoM) need dependable well performance, reservoir response and fluid data to guide full-field development decisions. Recognizing this need, the DeepStar consortium developed a conceptual design for an Early Production System (EPS) that will serve as a mobile well test system that is safe, environmentally friendly and cost-effective. The EPS is a dynamically positioned (DP) Floating, Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) vessel with a bundled top tensioned riser having quick emergency disconnect capability. Both oil and gas are processed onboard and exported by shuttle tankers to local markets. Oil is stored and offloaded using standard FPSO techniques, while the gas is exported as Compressed Natural Gas (CNG). This paper summarizes the technologies, regulatory acceptance, and business model that will make the DeepStar EPS a reality. Paper published with permission.

Low Well Cost: Effective Cost Optimisation for Marginal Green Field Development Using Fit-for-Purpose Well Design

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thivyashini Thamilyanan ◽  
Hasmizah Bakar ◽  
Irzee Zawawi ◽  
Siti Aishah Mohd Hatta
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effective ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Sand Production ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Well Completion ◽  
Artificial Lift ◽  
Sand Control ◽  
Fit For Purpose ◽  
Reservoir Connectivity ◽  
Gas Lift

Abstract During the low oil price era, the ability to deliver a small business investment yet high monetary gains was the epitome of success. A marginal field with its recent success of appraisal drilling which tested 3000bopd will add monetary value if it is commercialized as early as possible. However, given its marginal Stock Tank Oil Initially in Place (STOIIP), the plan to develop this field become a real challenge to the team to find a fit-for-purpose investment to maximize the project value. Luxuries such as sand control, artificial lift and frequent well intervention need to be considered for the most cost-effective measures throughout the life of field ‘Xion’. During field development study, several development strategies were proposed to overcome the given challenges such as uncertainty of reservoir connectivity, no gas lift supply, limited footprint to cater surface equipment and potential sand production. Oriented perforation, Insitu Gas Lift (IGL), Pressure Downhole Gauge (PDG), Critical Drawdown Pressure (CDP) monitoring is among the approaches used to manage the field challenges will be discussed in this paper. Since there are only two wells required to develop this field, a minimum intervention well is the best option to improve the project economics. This paper will discuss the method chosen to optimize the well and completion strategy cost so that it can overcome the challenges mentioned above in the most cost-effective approach. Artificial lift will utilize the shallower gas reservoirs through IGL in comparison to conventional gas lift. Sand Production monitoring will utilize the PDG by monitoring the CDP. The perforation strategy will employ the oriented perforation to reduce the sand free drawdown limit compare to the full perforation strategy. The strategy to monitor production through PDG will also reduce the number of interventions to acquire pressure data in establishing reservoir connectivity for the second phase development through secondary recovery and reservoir pressure maintenance plan. This paper will also explain the innovative approaches adopted for this early monetization and fast track project which is only completed within 4 months. This paper will give merit to petroleum engineers and well completion engineers involved in the development of marginal fields.

Insights into Khuff Oil Rim Development in Sultanate of Oman from Extensive Drilling and Well Testing Operations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Zhang ◽  
Arun Kumar ◽  
Rashid Al Maskari ◽  
Maryam Musalami ◽  
Sumaiya Habsi
Keyword(s):  
Management Plan ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Well Testing ◽  
Flow Profile ◽  
Well Test ◽  
Sultanate Of Oman ◽  
Full Field ◽  
Associated Gas ◽  
Field Development ◽  
Rock Types

Abstract The Yibal Khuff project is a mixed oil-rims, associated gas, and non-associated gas development in highly fractured tight carbonate reservoirs. Rock types and fractures vary widely with significant contribution to flow. In the east segment of the field, 22 horizontal oil producers targeting K2 reservoir have been pre-drilled and tested extensively. The integration of well logs, borehole image data (BHI), well test data and production logs provide key insights into reservoir productivity and the development of a robust well and reservoir management plan, ready for start-up of the field in 2021. A log-based approach was used to classify the reservoir into three main rock types (RRT). Fractures were classified, and high impact fractures were identified. Reservoir flow profile based on noise and temperature logs was established and used in combination with fracture data and cement bond logs in understanding flow conformance and behind casing flow. A large variation in productivity index has been observed, from tight to highly productive wells. Different ways have been explored to establish the link between productivity index, fracture production, and matrix production by rock types. This is the first full field development in the Khuff formation in Sultanate of Oman. The results will benefit a wider audience. A holistic approach was taken to explore the link between well deliverability and nature of a complex geology. The outcome is a robust operating envelope and well, reservoir and facilities management (WRFM) plan, clearly driven by understanding of subsurface risk and opportunities.

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