Dunnarts from Boullanger Island: new evidence and reassessment of a taxonomic issue with resource implications.

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Start ◽  
D. Moro ◽  
M. Adams ◽  
R. Bencini
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Island Population ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Fresh Tissue ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
New Evidence ◽  
Molecular Characters

Crowther et al. (1999) described an island population of an Australian dasyurid marsupial, Sminthopsis griseoventer, as a new subspecies on molecular (allozyme) and morphological grounds despite a previously published, contradictory genetic study and evidence of sympatry with its mainland conspecific. The legitimacy of this taxonomic arrangement has implications for the allocation of scarce management resources because the new taxon could be considered 'Critically Endangered'. Samples of the original tissues from which the molecular data cited by Crowther et al. were obtained no longer exist. Therefore, salient components of that work were rerun with fresh tissue and the results used to reassess evidence that the island population warrants recognition as a subspecies. We conclude that neither the molecular nor the morphological data supports differentiation at taxonomic or evolutionarily significant levels. Nevertheless, there is a good case for recognising the island population as an important management unit. This case study emphasises the importance of sound taxonomy determined by macro and molecular characters as a prerequisite to allocating resources for conservation.

scholarly journals Unexpected larger distribution of paleogene stem-rollers (AVES, CORACII): new evidence from the Eocene of Patagonia, Argentina

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico J. Degrange ◽  
Diego Pol ◽  
Pablo Puerta ◽  
Peter Wilf
Keyword(s):  
Hind Limb ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
First Record ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Early Eocene ◽  
Important Data ◽  
New Material ◽  
Holarctic Region ◽  
New Evidence

AbstractHere we present the first record of a stem-Coracii outside the Holarctic region, found in the early Eocene of Patagonia at the Laguna del Hunco locality. Ueekenkcoracias tambussiae gen. et sp. nov. consists of an incomplete right hind limb that presents the following combination of characters, characteristic of Coracii: relatively short and stout tibiotarsus, poorly developed crista cnemialis cranialis, short and wide tarsometatarsus, with the tuberositas m. tibialis cranialis located medially on the shaft, and curved and stout ungual phalanges. Although the presence of a rounded and conspicuous foramen vasculare distale and the trochlea metatarsi II strongly deflected medially resemble Primobucconidae, a fossil group only found in the Eocene of Europe and North America, our phylogenetic analysis indicates the new taxon is the basalmost known Coracii. The unexpected presence of a stem-Coracii in the Eocene of South America indicates that this clade had a more widespread distribution than previously hypothesized, already extending into the Southern Hemisphere by the early Eocene. Ueekenkcoracias tambussiae represents new evidence of the increasing diversity of stem lineages of birds in the Eocene. The new material provides novel morphological data for understanding the evolutionary origin and radiation of rollers and important data for estimates of the divergence time of the group.

scholarly journals Phylogeography and Patterns of Differentiation in the Curve-Billed Thrasher

The Condor ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 456-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Octavio R. Rojas-Soto ◽  
Alejandro Espinosa De Los Monteros ◽  
Robert M. Zink
Keyword(s):  
Species Concept ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Phenotypic Evolution ◽  
Major Haplotype ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
The Status ◽  
Components Analysis

Abstract Recent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and morphological studies suggest that the Curve-billed Thrasher (Toxostoma curvirostre) consists of three historical groups, corresponding to the subspecies curvirostre and palmeri and a new taxon distributed in Oaxaca and Puebla. Previous mtDNA analysis did not include the subspecies T. c. insularum found on Tiburon Island (Sonora, Mexico). We collected new samples to address the distinctiveness of the three groups, to explore possible contact between the curvirostre and southern clades, to clarify the status of T. c. insularum, and to explore population histories of the major clades. Our mtDNA results confirm the existence of three major haplotype clades, which represent either two or three species depending on the species concept used. We interpret the occurrence of two mismatched haplotypes in Puebla and Oaxaca as recent gene flow. Haplotypes from Tiburon Island were intermixed within the palmeri clade, thereby failing to support the subspecies T. c. insularum. In contrast, principal components analysis of morphological data showed that insularum was distinct and, given the lack of mtDNA distinctiveness, suggests rapid phenotypic evolution on the island. The molecular data suggest that the widespread curvirostre clade has undergone recent population growth, whereas the other two clades appear to have been more stable.

Parmelia barrenoae, a new lichen species related to Parmelia sulcata (Parmeliaceae) based on molecular and morphological data

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pradeep K. DIVAKAR ◽  
M. Carmen MOLINA ◽  
H. Thorsten LUMBSCH ◽  
Ana CRESPO
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
New Taxon ◽  
Parmelia Sulcata ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Β Tubulin

Parmelia barrenoae is described as new to science in the P. sulcata complex on the basis of morphological and molecular data. The new species is superficially similar to P. sulcata but differs in having simple rhizines whereas the other species of the complex have squarrose rhizines. Nuclear ITS rDNA and partial β-tubulin gene sequences have been used as molecular markers. In the phylogenetic analysis, P. sulcata falls into four well supported clades, one of them corresponds to the morphotype that is described here as a new taxon. Six samples of the new taxon from different locations on the Iberian Peninsula form a strongly supported monophyletic group.

A new subspecies of Zamenis hohenackeri (Strauch, 1873) (Serpentes: Colubridae) based on morphological and molecular data

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4471 (1) ◽  
pp. 137 ◽  
Author(s):  
SYLVIA HOFMANN ◽  
KONRAD MEBERT ◽  
KLAUS-DIETER SCHULZ ◽  
NOTKER HELFENBERGER ◽  
BAYRAM GÖÇMEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Sufficient Evidence ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
Taxonomic Changes ◽  
Rat Snake ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Colour Morphs

Based on morphological characteristics, two subspecies of the Transcaucasian rat snake (Zamenis hohenackeri) are currently recognized, namely Z. h. tauricus and Z. h. hohenackeri. Both subspecies are repeatedly considered to be conspecific colour morphs, or have even been confused with Z. situla. Although, few studies involved the Transcaucasian rat snake in a phylogenetic approach, none has so far led to any taxonomic changes. We assessed the intraspecific morphological variation and phylogeographic relationships among specimens from different locations across its updated distribution. Our molecular (1191 bp mtDNA, 565 bp nuDNA) and morphological data provide sufficient evidence to support three distinct lineages within the Z. hohenackeri complex with a different arrangement compared to a previous study. These represent the subspecies Z. h. hohenackeri, Z. h. tauricus, and a lineage from southwestern Turkey which is described as a new subspecies. Aspects of historical biogeography and conservation status are briefly discussed. 

Analysis of the differences between Syntormon pallipes and S. pseudospicatus (Diptera: Dolichopodidae): morphological and molecular data

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-316
Author(s):  
M.A. Chursina ◽  
I.Ya. Grichanov
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Wing Shape ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
Separate Species ◽  
Geometric Morphometric ◽  
Geometric Morphometric Analysis ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data

The recent catalogues of the family Dolichopodidae considered Syntormon pallipes (Fabricius, 1794) and S. pseudospicatus Strobl, 1899 as separate species. In this study, we used three approaches to estimate the significance of differences between the two species: molecular analysis (COI and 12S rRNA sequences), analysis of leg colour characters and geometric morphometric analysis of wing shape. The morphological data confirmed the absence of significant differences between S. pallipes and S. pseudospicatus found in the DNA analysis. Significant differences in the wing shape of two species have not been revealed. Hence, according to our data, there is no reason to consider S. pseudospicatus as a distinct species.

scholarly journals Disentangling relationships among eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria including description of a novel species from the southern Peloponnese (Greece)

2021 ◽  
Vol 307 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pau Carnicero ◽  
Núria Garcia-Jacas ◽  
Llorenç Sáez ◽  
Theophanis Constantinidis ◽  
Mercè Galbany-Casals
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Aegean Islands ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic

AbstractThe eastern Mediterranean basin hosts a remarkably high plant diversity. Historical connections between currently isolated areas across the Aegean region and long-distance dispersal events have been invoked to explain current distribution patterns of species. According to most recent treatments, at least two Cymbalaria species occur in this area, Cymbalaria microcalyx and C. longipes. The former comprises several intraspecific taxa, treated at different ranks by different authors based on morphological data, evidencing the need of a taxonomic revision. Additionally, some populations of C. microcalyx show exclusive morphological characters that do not match any described taxon. Here, we aim to shed light on the systematics of eastern Mediterranean Cymbalaria and to propose a classification informed by various sources of evidence. We performed molecular phylogenetic analyses using ITS, 3’ETS, ndhF and rpl32-trnL sequences and estimated the ploidy level of some taxa performing relative genome size measures. Molecular data combined with morphology support the division of traditionally delimited C. microcalyx into C. acutiloba, C. microcalyx and C. minor, corresponding to well-delimited nrDNA lineages. Furthermore, we propose to combine C. microcalyx subsp. paradoxa at the species level. A group of specimens previously thought to belong to Cymbalaria microcalyx constitute a well-defined phylogenetic and morphological entity and are described here as a new species, Cymbalaria spetae. Cymbalaria longipes is non-monophyletic, but characterized by being glabrous and diploid, unlike other eastern species. The nrDNA data suggest at least two dispersals from the mainland to the Aegean Islands, potentially facilitated by marine regressions.

scholarly journals Combination of nuclear and mitochondrial markers as a useful tool to identify Ctenophthalmus species and subspecies (Siphonaptera: Ctenophthalmidae)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Zurita ◽  
Cristina Cutillas
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Molecular Study ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Molecular Approach ◽  
Nuclear Marker ◽  
Mitochondrial Markers ◽  
Morphological Criteria ◽  
Mtdna Markers

AbstractCtenophthalmus is considered the largest genus within the Order Siphonaptera. From a morphological point of view, only males of this genus can be identified at species and subspecies levels using morphological keys, whereas there are no morphological criteria in order to classify females at these taxonomical levels. Furthermore, the amount of available molecular and phylogenetic data for this genus is quite scarce so far. The main objective of this work was to assess the utility of the combination of nuclear and mitochondrial markers with respect to their ability to differentiate among different subspecies within the Ctenophthalmus genus. With this purpose, we carried out a comparative morphological and molecular study of three different subspecies (Ctenophthalmus baeticus arvernus, Ctenophthalmus nobilis dobyi, and Ctenophthalmus andorrensis catalaniensis) in order to clarify and discuss its taxonomic status. In addition, our study complemented the molecular data previously provided for Ctenophthalmus baeticus boisseauorum and Ctenophthalmus apertus allani subspecies. We sequenced five different molecular markers: EF1-α, ITS1, ITS2, cox1, and cytb. Our results confirmed that morphological data by themselves are not able to discriminate among Ctenophthalmus female taxa; however, the combination of the nuclear marker EF1-α together with mtDNA markers cytb and cox1 constituted a useful taxonomical and phylogenetic tool to solve this issue. Based on these results, we consider that the use of this molecular approach should be gradually used within Ctenophthalmus genus in order to complement its classical taxonomy and clarifying the complex taxonomy of other congeneric species of fleas.

The status of Myriangiaceae (Dothideomycetes)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 176 (1) ◽  
pp. 219 ◽  
Author(s):  
ASHA J. DISSANAYAKE ◽  
RUVISHIKA S. JAYAWARDENA ◽  
SARANYAPHAT BOONMEE ◽  
KASUN M. THAMBUGALA ◽  
QING TIAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence Data ◽  
Molecular Sequence ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sexual State ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Data ◽  
Asexual State ◽  
Molecular Characters

The family Myriangiaceae is relatively poorly known amongst the Dothideomycetes and includes genera which are saprobic, epiphytic and parasitic on the bark, leaves and branches of various plants. The family has not undergone any recent revision, however, molecular data has shown it to be a well-resolved family closely linked to Elsinoaceae in Myriangiales. Both morphological and molecular characters indicate that Elsinoaceae differs from Myriangiaceae. In Elsinoaceae, small numbers of asci form in locules in light coloured pseudostromata, which form typical scab-like blemishes on leaf or fruit surfaces. The coelomycetous, “Sphaceloma”-like asexual state of Elsinoaceae, form more frequently than the sexual state; conidiogenesis is phialidic and conidia are 1-celled and hyaline. In Myriangiaceae, locules with single asci are scattered in a superficial, coriaceous to sub-carbonaceous, black ascostromata and do not form scab-like blemishes. No asexual state is known. In this study, we revisit the family Myriangiaceae, and accept ten genera, providing descriptions and discussion on the generic types of Anhellia, Ascostratum, Butleria, Dictyocyclus, Diplotheca, Eurytheca, Hemimyriangium, Micularia, Myriangium and Zukaliopsis. The genera of Myriangiaceae are compared and contrasted. Myriangium duriaei is the type species of the family, while Diplotheca is similar and may possibly be congeneric. The placement of Anhellia in Myriangiaceae is supported by morphological and molecular data. Because of similarities with Myriangium, Ascostratum (A. insigne), Butleria (B. inaghatahani), Dictyocyclus (D. hydrangea), Eurytheca (E. trinitensis), Hemimyriangium (H. betulae), Micularia (M. merremiae) and Zukaliopsis (Z. amazonica) are placed in Myriangiaceae. Molecular sequence data from fresh collections is required to confirm the relationships and placement of the genera in this family.

Phylogenetic relations of European shrubby taxa of the genusUsnea

2011 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 427-444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauri SAAG ◽  
Tiiu TÕRRA ◽  
Andres SAAG ◽  
Ruth DEL-PRADO ◽  
Tiina RANDLANE
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Parsimony ◽  
Chemical Separation ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Beta Tubulin ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
Branch Lengths ◽  
Nuclear Its ◽  
Molecular Characters

AbstractThis study focuses on EuropeanUsneaspecies with sorediate shrubby thalli, with the aim to evaluate the morphological and chemical separation of species in the light of molecular data. Twenty-twoUsneaspecies, including widely distributed taxa such asU. diplotypus, U. fulvoreagens, U. glabrescens, U. lapponica, U. subfloridana, U. substerilisandU. wasmuthii, were included in the study using Bayesian and maximum parsimony analyses of nuclear ITS and beta-tubulin sequences. The analyses showed that: 1) most taxa that are morphologically well delimited are also distinct by means of molecular characters, 2) shrubby taxa in the sectionUsneathat are difficult to determine by traditional characters form a group of closely related but still genetically distinct entities, exceptU. diplotypusandU. substeriliswhich appear to be polyphyletic. The branch lengths differed largely between two parts of the ITS tree (sectionsUsneaandCeratinae).Usnea intermediais proposed as the sexually reproducing counterpart for the sorediateU. lapponica. Additionally, some new chemotypes ofUsneaspecies were determined.

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