Porcine bile powder supplementation of a high fat broiler diet in relation to growth performance and nutrient digestion

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kanokporn Lammasak ◽  
Suwanna Kijpakorn ◽  
Kris Angkanaporn
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Total Bile Acid ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of pig bile powder supplementation on the digestibility of nutrients, fat digestion and growth performance of starter broilers fed on a high fat diet. A total of 1110, day-old, male broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were randomly allocated into six treatment groups with five replicates per treatment. The chicks were fed on a corn-soybean meal basal diet with a starter formulation until Day 14, followed by a grower formulation until Day 21. In group 1 (T1), the basal diet contained 30 g/kg crude palm oil whereas the diet used in group 2 (T2) had 60 g/kg crude palm oil. Chicks in group 3 (T3) were fed on T2 diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg soy lecithin as the positive control. Chicks in groups 4–6 (T4–T6) received diets used in T2, supplemented with 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg lyophilised pig bile powder, respectively. On Days 4, 7, 14 and 21, chicks were killed, portal blood was collected and analysed for fatty acids, pancreas collected for measurement of pancreatic lipase activity, bile and jejunal contents for bile acid determination and ileal content for determining digestibility of fat and protein. The results showed (1) there was no difference in bodyweight and feed intake among T2–T6, (2) pancreatic lipase activity of chicks in T4 and T5 was highest in all periods. Total bile acid concentrations in the gall bladder and jejunum in T4 was lower than those in T2 in all periods, and Days 4 and 7, respectively, (3) digestibility of protein and fat in T3 and T4 was higher in all the period than that of T2, T5 and T6, (4) increased fat content in the diet did not cause a significant increase in any fatty acids in the portal plasma when compared T1 and T2. In conclusion, 2.5 g/kg porcine bile powder supplemented in high fat diet increased pancreatic lipase activity and total bile acid concentrations in gall bladder, resulting in increased ileal digestibility of fat and protein.

Corrigendum to: Porcine bile powder supplementation of a high fat broiler diet in relation to growth performance and nutrient digestion

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 1399
Author(s):  
Kanokporn Lammasak ◽  
Suwanna Kijpakorn ◽  
Kris Angkanaporn
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Total Bile Acid ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Crude Palm Oil

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of pig bile powder supplementation on the digestibility of nutrients, fat digestion and growth performance of starter broilers fed on a high fat diet. A total of 1110, day-old, male broiler chicks (Arbor Acres) were randomly allocated into six treatment groups with five replicates per treatment. The chicks were fed on a corn-soybean meal basal diet with a starter formulation until Day 14, followed by a grower formulation until Day 21. In group 1 (T1), the basal diet contained 30 g/kg crude palm oil whereas the diet used in group 2 (T2) had 60 g/kg crude palm oil. Chicks in group 3 (T3) were fed on T2 diet supplemented with 5.0 g/kg soy lecithin as the positive control. Chicks in groups 4–6 (T4–T6) received diets used in T2, supplemented with 1.25, 2.5 and 5.0 g/kg lyophilised pig bile powder, respectively. On Days 4, 7, 14 and 21, chicks were killed, portal blood was collected and analysed for fatty acids, pancreas collected for measurement of pancreatic lipase activity, bile and jejunal contents for bile acid determination and ileal content for determining digestibility of fat and protein. The results showed (1) there was no difference in bodyweight and feed intake among T2–T6, (2) pancreatic lipase activity of chicks in T4 and T5 was highest in all periods. Total bile acid concentrations in the gall bladder and jejunum in T4 was lower than those in T2 in all periods, and Days 4 and 7, respectively, (3) digestibility of protein and fat in T3 and T4 was higher in all the period than that of T2, T5 and T6, (4) increased fat content in the diet did not cause a significant increase in any fatty acids in the portal plasma when compared T1 and T2. In conclusion, 2.5 g/kg porcine bile powder supplemented in high fat diet increased pancreatic lipase activity and total bile acid concentrations in gall bladder, resulting in increased ileal digestibility of fat and protein.

scholarly journals Maté Tea Inhibits In Vitro Pancreatic Lipase Activity and Has Hypolipidemic Effect on High-fat Diet-induced Obese Mice

Obesity ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Martins ◽  
Tatiana M. Noso ◽  
Viviane B. Porto ◽  
Alline Curiel ◽  
Alessandra Gambero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mate Tea

scholarly journals Dietary Betaine Addition Promotes Hepatic Cholesterol Synthesis, Bile Acid Conversion, and Export in Rats

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1399
Author(s):  
Sisi Li ◽  
Shuyi Xu ◽  
Yang Zhao ◽  
Haichao Wang ◽  
Jie Feng
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cholesterol Synthesis ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Hepatic Cholesterol ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
High Fat

It is widely reported how betaine addition regulates lipid metabolism but how betaine affects cholesterol metabolism is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate the role of betaine in hepatic cholesterol metabolism of Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were randomly allocated to four groups and fed with a basal diet or a high-fat diet with or without 1% betaine. The experiment lasted 28 days. The results showed that dietary betaine supplementation reduced the feed intake of rats with final weight unchanged. Serum low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol was increased with the high-fat diet. The high-fat diet promoted cholesterol synthesis and excretion by enhancing the HMG-CoA reductase and ABCG5/G8, respectively, which lead to a balance of hepatic cholesterol. Rats in betaine groups showed a higher level of hepatic total cholesterol. Dietary betaine addition enhanced cholesterol synthesis as well as conversion of bile acid from cholesterol by increasing the levels of HMGCR and CYP7A1. The high-fat diet decreased the level of bile salt export pump, while dietary betaine addition inhibited this decrease and promoted bile acid efflux and increased total bile acid levels in the intestine. In summary, dietary betaine addition promoted hepatic cholesterol metabolism, including cholesterol synthesis, conversion of bile acids, and bile acid export.

scholarly journals Walnut Polyphenols Inhibit Pancreatic Lipase Activity in Vitro and Have Hypolipidemic Effect on High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 757-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Shi ◽  
Chaoyin Chen ◽  
Shenglan Zhao ◽  
Feng Ge ◽  
Diqiu Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Lipase ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Obese Mice ◽  
High Fat

DHA-enriched phospholipids from large yellow croaker roe regulate lipid metabolic disorders and gut microbiota imbalance on SD rats with a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaodan Lu ◽  
Rongbin Zhong ◽  
Ling Hu ◽  
Luyao Huang ◽  
Lijiao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Large Yellow Croaker ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Sd Rats

Abstract Large yellow croaker roe phospholipids (LYCRPLs) has great nutritional value because of containing rich docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), which is a kind of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs). In...

Fatty Acids in a High-Fat Diet Potentially Induce Gastric Parietal-Cell Damage and Metaplasia in Mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 152 (5) ◽  
pp. S418
Author(s):  
Yuki Hirata ◽  
Shinji Fukuda ◽  
Kazuhiko Yamada ◽  
Kazuhide Higuchi ◽  
Yuki I. Kawamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Parietal Cell ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Gastric Parietal Cell

Yeast β-glucan reduces obesity-associated Bilophila abundance and modulates bile acid metabolism in healthy and high-fat diet mouse models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sik Yu So ◽  
Qinglong Wu ◽  
Kin Sum Leung ◽  
Zuzanna Maria Kundi ◽  
Tor C Savidge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mrna Accumulation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Emerging evidence links dietary fiber with altered gut microbiota composition and bile acid signaling in maintaining metabolic health. Yeast β-glucan (Y-BG) is a dietary supplement known for its immunomodulatory effect, yet its impact on the gut microbiota and bile acid composition remains unclear. This study investigated whether dietary forms of Y-BG modulate these gut-derived signals. We performed 4-week dietary supplementation in healthy mice to evaluate effects of different fiber composition (soluble vs particulate Y-BG) and dose (0.1 vs. 2%). We found that 2% particulate Y-BG induced robust gut microbiota community shifts with elevated liver Cyp7a1 mRNA abundance and bile acid synthesis. These diet-induced responses were notably different when compared to the prebiotic inulin, and included a marked reduction in fecal Bilophila abundance which we demonstrated as translatable to obesity in population-scale American Gut and TwinsUK clinical cohorts. This prompted us to test whether 2% Y-BG maintained metabolic health in mice fed 60% HFD over 13 weeks. Y-BG consistently altered the gut microbiota composition and reduced Bilophila abundance, with trends observed in improvement of metabolic phenotype. Notably, Y-BG improved insulin sensitization and this was associated with enhanced ileal Glpr1r mRNA accumulation and reduced Bilophila abundance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Y-BG modulates gut microbiota community composition and bile acid signaling, but the dietary regime needs to be optimized to facilitate clinical improvement in metabolic phenotype in an aggressive high-fat diet animal model.

Liver disease with altered bile acid transport in Niemann-Pick C mice on a high-fat, 1% cholesterol diet

2005 ◽  
Vol 289 (2) ◽  
pp. G300-G307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert P. Erickson ◽  
Achyut Bhattacharyya ◽  
Robert J. Hunter ◽  
Randall A. Heidenreich ◽  
Nathan J. Cherrington
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Bile Acid ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholestatic Hepatitis ◽  
Diffuse Fibrosis ◽  
Acid Transport ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Bile Acid Transport ◽  
Niemann Pick

Cholestatic hepatitis is frequently found in Niemann-Pick C (NPC) disease. We studied the influence of diet and the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR, Ldlr in mice, known to be the source of most of the stored cholesterol) on liver disease in the mouse model of NPC. Npc1−/− mice of both sexes, with or without the Ldlr knockout, were fed a 18% fat, 1% cholesterol (“high-fat”) diet and were evaluated by chemical and histological methods. Bile acid transporters [multidrug resistance protein (Mrps) 1–5; Ntcp, Bsep, and OatP1, 2, and 4] were quantitated by real-time RT-PCR. Many mice died prematurely (within 6 wk) with hepatomegaly. Histopathology showed an increase in macrophage and hepatocyte lipids independent of Ldlr genotype. Non-zone-dependent diffuse fibrosis was found in the surviving mice. Serum alanine aminotransferase was elevated in Npc1−/− mice on the regular diet and frequently became markedly elevated with the high-fat diet. Serum cholesterol was increased in the controls but not the Npc1−/− mice on the high-fat diet; it was massively increased in the Ldlr−/− mice. Esterified cholesterol was greatly increased by the high-fat diet, independent of Ldlr genotype. γ-Glutamyltransferase was also elevated in Npc1−/− mice, more so on the high-fat diet. Mrps 1–5 were elevated in Npc1−/− liver and became more elevated with the high-fat diet; Ntcp, Bsep, and OatP2 were elevated in Npc1−/− liver and were suppressed by the high-fat diet. In conclusion, Npc1−/− mice on a high-fat diet provide an animal model of NPC cholestatic hepatitis and indicate a role for altered bile acid transport in its pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Effects of a high-fat-diet supplemented with probiotics and ω3-fatty acids on appetite regulatory neuropeptides and neurotransmitters in a pig model

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-359
Author(s):  
D. Valent ◽  
L. Arroyo ◽  
E. Fàbrega ◽  
M. Font-i-Furnols ◽  
M. Rodríguez-Palmero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Brain Functions

The pig is a valuable animal model to study obesity in humans due to the physiological similarity between humans and pigs in terms of digestive and associated metabolic processes. The dietary use of vegetal protein, probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids is recommended to control weight gain and to fight obesity-associated metabolic disorders. Likewise, there are recent reports on their beneficial effects on brain functions. The hypothalamus is the central part of the brain that regulates food intake by means of the production of food intake-regulatory hypothalamic neuropeptides, as neuropeptide Y (NPY), orexin A and pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), and neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin. Other mesolimbic areas, such as the hippocampus, are also involved in the control of food intake. In this study, the effect of a high fat diet (HFD) alone or supplemented with these additives on brain neuropeptides and neurotransmitters was assessed in forty-three young pigs fed for 10 weeks with a control diet (T1), a high fat diet (HFD, T2), and HFD with vegetal protein supplemented with Bifidobacterium breve CECT8242 alone (T3) or in combination with omega-3 fatty acids (T4). A HFD provoked changes in regulatory neuropeptides and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC) in the hypothalamus and alterations mostly in the dopaminergic system in the ventral hippocampus. Supplementation of the HFD with B. breve CECT8242, especially in combination with omega-3 fatty acids, was able to partially reverse the effects of HFD. Correlations between productive and neurochemical parameters supported these findings. These results confirm that pigs are an appropriate animal model alternative to rodents for the study of the effects of HFD on weight gain and obesity. Furthermore, they indicate the potential benefits of probiotics and omega-3 fatty acids on brain function.

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