Genetic correlations and trends for traits of economic importance in dairy buffalo

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranielle Nogueira da Silva Vilela ◽  
Thomaz Marques Sena ◽  
Rusbel Raul Aspilcueta-Borquis ◽  
Leonardo de Oliveira Seno ◽  
Francisco Ribeiro de Araujo Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Milk Quality ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Dairy Buffalo ◽  
Genetic Trends ◽  
Low Magnitude

Context The planning and execution of selection programs requires estimates of the genetic correlations between traits. As genetic change is achieved for a given trait, it is important to consider possible genetic changes for other traits. Understanding the magnitude and direction of genetic correlations can assist in selection decisions. Aims The aim of the present study was to estimate the genetic correlations of reproductive traits with productive traits and with percentages of fat and protein in the milk of dairy buffalo. Additionally, genetic trends were estimated for the traits under study over the years. Methods Data from 11530 complete lactations of 3431 female buffalo were used. The following traits were analysed: milk, fat and protein yields; percentages of fat and protein; age at first calving; and calving interval. The (co)variance components were estimated by Bayesian inference in multi-trait analyses, considering a linear animal model. To calculate the genetic trends, the average annual genetic values were regressed on the year of birth. Key results The means of genetic correlations estimated between reproductive (age at first calving and calving interval) and productive (milk, fat and protein yields) traits were positive, but of moderate to low magnitude. The association between the reproductive and milk quality (fat and protein percentages) traits were negative and of low magnitude. Genetic trends for the productive traits were positive (5.25 ± 0.63, 0.15 ± 0.034 and 0.09 ± 0.038 kg/year for milk, fat and protein yields respectively). Genetic trends for the reproductive traits of age at first calving and calving interval increased by 0.47 ± 0.09 and 0.48 ± 0.10 days/year respectively. In terms of milk quality, however, the percentages of fat and protein decreased by 0.016 ± 0.003 and 0.011 ± 0.001%/year respectively. Conclusions Genetic gains in productive traits may elevate the number of days at first calving and extend the calving interval, in addition to leading to the production of milk of lower quality. Implications The use of a multi-trait selection index is an alternative, as it combines information from different sources, such that an optimal selection criterion can be achieved over time by virtue of its emphasis on appropriate weighting for all traits.

scholarly journals Valores genéticos de caracteres productivos y reproductivos en bovinos Romosinuano

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Alfonso Ossa ◽  
Juan Esteban Pérez ◽  
Marco Antonio Suárez
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Productive Traits ◽  
Genetic Value

<p>En un hato de conservación del ganado criollo colombiano Romosinuano se estimaron los valores genéticos (Diferencias Esperadas de Progenie, DEP) de los caracteres de crecimiento (peso al nacimiento, al destete y a los 16 meses en terneros, y pesos al parto y al destete de su cría en vacas), así como de los rasgos reproductivos en hembras (edad al primer parto e intervalos entre partos). Las DEP diferenciales entre los toros de mayor y menor potencial genético para los pesos al nacer, al destete y a los 16 meses fueron respectivamente de +4,07, +29,30 y +36,04 kg. Las DEP de las vacas para los pesos al parto y al destete del ternero fueron de +36,04 y +43,23 kg. Para la edad al primer parto y el intervalo entre partos las DEP fueron de –89,35 y –30,10 días, respectivamente. Sin embargo, la variabilidad genética de estos caracteres se ha mantenido, ya que los coeficientes de regresión (r2) fueron cercanos a cero. Se estimó la capacidad más probable de producción (CMPP) de cada vaca y luego se estableció una correlación lineal entre el valor genético (DEP) y la CMPP para los pesos al nacer y al destete, las cuales fueron altas (r = +0,91 y +0,79). El intervalo entre generaciones calculado para el hato fue de 4,96 años: 3,92 y 6,99 años para machos y hembras, respectivamente. </p><p> </p><p><strong>Genetic values of productive and reproductive traits in Romosinuano cattle </strong></p><p>In a Romosinuano native Colombian conservation herd, estimated genetic values (Expected Progeny Differences, EPD) of productive traits (birth, weaning and yearling weights and cow weights at calving and at calf weaning); and reproductive behavior (age at first calving and calving interval) were calculated. Among bulls with the higher and lower genetic potential, EPD’s for birth, weaning and yearling weights of their progenies were: +4.07, +29.30 and +36.04 kg. For cows weights at calving and weaning of theirs calves were: +36.04 and y 43.23 kg. The values for age at first calving and calving interval were: –89.35 and –30.10 days. Genetic variability of these traits has been maintained because regression coefficients (r2) were close to 0. The most probably production ability (MPPA) of each cow was estimated and then a linear correlation was established between the genetic value (as DEP) and as MPPA for the birth and weaning weight; which were positive (r =0,91 and 0,72). The herd generation interval was 4.93 years: 3.92 and 6.99 years for males and females, respectively. </p>

scholarly journals Maternal inheritance on reproductive traits in Brangus-Ibagé cattle

2004 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 1163-1167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Ernani Henkes ◽  
Magda Vieira Benavides ◽  
João Francisco Coelho Oliveira ◽  
José Carlos Ferrugem Moraes ◽  
Tania Azevedo Weimer
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Heritability Estimate ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Linear Effect ◽  
Mtdna Mutations ◽  
D Loop ◽  
Additive Genetic Effects

Cytoplasmic inheritance influence on reproductive traits was investigated in the Brangus-Ibagé cattle (3/8 Nelore x 5/8 Aberdeen Angus). Additive genetic effects were responsible for 12% ± 11% of phenotypic variation observed in first calving interval, but their contribution dropped to zero when all calving intervals (CI) were considered. The heritability estimate for age at first calving (AFC, in days) was 0.19 ± 0.09. Mitochondrial lineage (MIT) had negligible effects on phenotypic variances of calving interval (0.0 ± 0.02), calf birth weight (0.0 ± 0.01), and cow weight at calving (0.0 ± 0.01). However, for the age at first calving, MIT accounted for 0.15 ± 0.07 of total variation. Cow weight at calving had a significant linear effect on CI and AFC. Three D-loop mtDNA mutations significantly affected either calving interval (T®C at sites 16,113 and 16,119) or calf birth weight (T®C at site 16,113). The C variants had decreased CI (29 and 32 days, respectively) and increased calf weight (0.6kg). Although the effects were small, direct selection for these mutation-carrier cows might improve the reproductive and developmental performance in this herd.

Sahiwal cattle in Pakistan: genetic and environmental causes of variation in body weight and reproduction and their relationship to milk production

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. N. Khan ◽  
A. Dahlin ◽  
A. H. Zafar ◽  
M. Saleem ◽  
M. A. Chaudhry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Expectation Maximization Algorithm ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Genetic Value

AbstractThe influence of genetic and environmental factors on body weight and reproduction and their relationship to milk production traits, were studied in data of about 4700 Sahiwal cows from Pakistan. (Co)variance components were estimated using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedure based on the expectation maximization algorithm applying an animal model. Mean weights of females were: at birth, 21·6 kg; at 1 year, 130 kg; and at 2 years, 222 kg. Records of age at calving, cow weight post partum and calving interval were studied in the first three parities, with parities considered as different traits. For primiparous cows the average values of these traits were: 44·1 months, 319 kg and 465 days, respectively. Mean stillbirth rate was 5·3%. Heritabilities ranged for body weight traits from 0·08 to 0·21, for age at calving from 0·10 to 0·13 and for calving interval from 0·03 to 0·07. Genetic correlations of age at first calving with calving interval and 305-day milk yield were low. The genetic correlation between 305-day milk yield and calving interval was positive (unfavourable) in first parity (0·68) but negative in the third (-0·47). Cows with a high genetic value for 305-day milk yield were heavier at first calving than were low-yielding cows (rg 0·57). The genetic change in reproductive traits over the period studied was close to zero, whereas a marked deterioration was found in phenotypic performance. It is concluded that improved feeding and management, along with some selection against poor reproduction in cows, are important for improvement of reproductive performance.

scholarly journals Estimation of genetic parameters for female fertility traits in the Czech Holstein population

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 5) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michaela Brzáková ◽  
Ludmila Zavadilová ◽  
Josef Přibyl ◽  
Petr Pešek ◽  
Eva Kašná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Genetic Effect ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Additive Genetic Effect ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Fertility Traits ◽  
Holstein Population

Genetic parameters for fertility traits in Czech Holstein population were estimated. The database obtained from the Czech-Moravian Breeders Corporation with 6 414 486 insemination records between years 2005–2015 was used. Date of calving of the selected animals was taken from the database of milk records from 2005–2015. Fertility traits were age at first service (AFS), age at first calving (AFC), days open (DO), calving interval (CI) and first service to conception interval in cows (FSC-C) and heifers (FSC-H). The heritability of each trait was estimated using single-trait animal models. The model included fixed effects of herd-year-season of birth, herd-year-month of calving, lactation order, parity, last calving ease, linear and quadratic regressions on age at first insemination in heifers or on age at first calving in cows. Random effects were animal, permanent environmental effect and random residual error. After edits, the final data set included up to 599 901 observations from up to 448 037 animals dependent on traits. The range of heritability estimates was from 0.010 to 0.058. The lowest heritability was for first service to conception interval in heifers, and the highest heritability was for age at first service. Variances of random permanent effects were higher than variance of additive genetic effect in all traits manifested in mature cows. Repeatability ranged from 0.060 to 0.090. Genetic correlations between traits were estimated using a bivariate animal model. High positive genetic correlations were found between AFS–AFC, DO–CI, FSC-C–DO and FSC-C–CI. A moderate genetic correlation was found between AFS–FSC-H and between AFC. A negative correlation was found between AFS–FSC-C. Correlations between other traits were close to zero. The results suggest that the level of these reproductive traits can be improved by selection of animals with high genetic merit.

scholarly journals Genetic parameter and genetic trend estimates for reproductive traits in Wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 1479-1486
Author(s):  
G. Taroco ◽  
J.T. Paiva ◽  
G.B. Mourão ◽  
J.B.S. Ferraz ◽  
E.C. Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Wistar Rat ◽  
The Other ◽  
Genetic Trend ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Genetic Trends

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and genetic trends for reproductive traits in Wistar rats. A total of 1,167 data records from 283 females over six generations of monogamous mating pairs was used. Heritability and genetic correlation were estimated through Bayesian inference and genetic trends were calculated by linear regression of breeding values over generations. Heritability estimates for litter size at birth (LS), calving interval (CI), pup mortality (PM) and maternal cannibalism (CAN) presented low magnitude, ranging from 0.01 to 0.13. CAN presented high and positive genetic correlation with LS and PM (0.77 and 0.78, respectively). On the other hand, all the other estimated genetic correlations were not significant. Genetic trend was positive for LS (+0.0900 pups per generation), and negative for PM and CAN (-1.0085 and -0.5217 pups per generation, respectively). For CI the genetic trend was not significant. It is recommended to increase selection intensity on dams in this Wistar rat population in order to accelerate the genetic progress.

scholarly journals Genotype × environment interaction for fertility and milk yield traits in Canadian, Mexican and US Holstein cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. e0402 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugo H. Montaldo ◽  
Alejandra Pelcastre-Cruz ◽  
Héctor Castillo-Juárez ◽  
Felipe J. Ruiz-López ◽  
Filippo Miglior
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Age At First Calving

The objective of this study was to evaluate genotype × environment  interaction (G×E) between Canada, the United States and Mexico for fertility and milk yield traits using genetic correlations between countries estimated from genetic evaluations of sires. Genetic correlation between Mexican and Canadian Holsteins for age at first calving was ≤ 0.48 and lower than the simulated value obtained accounting for data structure and selection effects. For calving interval, genetic correlation between Mexico and Canada ranged from 0.48 to 0.69. Genetic correlation between calving interval in Mexico (multiplied by -1) and daughter pregnancy rate in the United States ranged from 0.64 to 0.73, and was lower than simulated and actual Canada-United States values. Genetic correlations between Mexico and Canada and the United States for milk yield traits were ≥ 0.83, similar to simulated genetic correlations, but lower than Canada-United States values (≥ 0.93). Heritability estimates for age at first calving, calving interval, milk yield, fat yield, protein yield, fat content, and protein content for the Mexican Holstein population were 0.06, 0.03, 0.18, 0.20, 0.19, 0.46, and 0.49, respectively. G×E interaction effects between Canada and Mexico for age at first calving were high, whereas G×E interaction effects between Canada and Mexico for calving interval and between daughter pregnancy rate in the United States and calving interval in Mexico were moderate. G×E interaction effects for milk yield traits between Canada or the United States with Mexico in registered Holsteins were low.

scholarly journals Growth and reproductive traits of friesian X sanga crossbred cattle in the Accra plains of Ghana

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (57) ◽  
pp. 7357-7371
Author(s):  
FY Obese ◽  
◽  
DA Acheampong ◽  
KA Darfour-Oduro ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Production System ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition ◽  
Accra Plains

The typical cattle production system in Ghana is predominantly pasture-based. Cattle are grazed all year round on natural pastures with minimal feed supplementation. The animals kept in this production system often experience inadequate nutrition and fluctuating nutrient supply affecting their productivity. There is presently limited information on the growth and reproductive performance of the Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle (Plate 1) and factors influencing these performance traits. The growth and reproductive performance records of 150 Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle, kept at the Animal Research Institute station in the Accra Plains of Ghana from April 1993 to October 2009 were evaluated to determine the effect of parity of cow, season of calving and sex of calf on birth weight, weaning weight, growth rate, age at first calving and calving interval. The birth weight and weaning weights of the calves averaged 21.8 ± 0.5 kg and 94.2 ± 3.8 kg, respectively, and were not (P > 0.05) affected by sex of calf, parity of cow or season of calving. Parity of cow affected (P < 0.05) weight of calf at 12 months. Calf weight at 12 and 18 months averaged 128.0 ± 3.4 kg and 159.9 ± 4.5 kg, respectively. Pre-weaning and post-weaning average daily gains were 0.33 ± 0.02 kg/day and 0.23 ± 0.03 kg/day, respectively, and were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by sex of calf, parity of cow or season of calving. The mean age at first calving was 41.2 ± 1.2 months. Calving interval was prolonged averaging 441.6 ± 10.3 days and was significantly (P < 0.05) affected by parity of cow. Calving interval decreased with increasing parity of cow. The age at first calving and calving interval were not (P > 0.05) affected by either sex of calf or season of calving. The growth and reproductive performance of the Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle was less than optimum. Improving their nutrition could impact, positively, on their productivity through fast growth, increased milk yield and early resumption of ovarian cycles after calving. Thus, results from this study should guide the development of appropriate strategies for increased meat and milk production in Friesian x Sanga crossbred cattle.

scholarly journals Genetic evaluation of milking buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis): bull ranking

2019 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 1712-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.C. Marques ◽  
C. McManus ◽  
V. Peripolli ◽  
C.V. Araújo ◽  
A.S. Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
The Other ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Genetic Management ◽  
Service Period ◽  
Total Milk ◽  
Birth Records

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate genetic aspects related to production and reproductive efficiency of Murrah and Mediterranean buffaloes and their crosses. A ranking of bulls from Embrapa Eastern Amazonia was also composed to guide assisted mating. Birth records of 2,322 Murrah, Mediterranean, and crossbred buffaloes from the Embrapa Eastern Amazon herd, from 1953 to 2013, as well as information on production and reproductive traits were used. Genetic analyzes were performed in the WOMBAT software using the animal model with two-trait analysis. While heritability (h2) for total milk production (TMP) and fat milk percentage (F) were generally high, for reproductive traits h2 tended to be low. Genetic correlations for TMP with the other traits were low and negative, except for TMP with calving interval (CI) and service period (SP) in the Mediterranean breed and with age at first calving (AFC) and SP in crossbred, which were positive and high. Bull 1001 had high predicted transmitting ability (PTA) for TMP, so it should transmit a greater volume of milk to his offspring, although it had a lower PTA for F. There was sufficient variability within the herd to work with genetic management for both production and reproductive efficiency.

Study of productive traits in Sahiwal x Holstein Friesian crossbred cows – Frieswal

2016 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Basdev Singh ◽  
Pushkraj Sawant ◽  
Dhruvaraj Sawant ◽  
Gautam Dutt ◽  
Sachin Todkar
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Significant Influence ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Age At First Calving ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Productive Traits

The present study was undertaken on data of 150 Frieswal cows (a new strain of Sahiwal x Holstein Friesian) maintained at Military Dairy Farm, Agra, over a period of 15 years from 1996-2010, based on age at first calving. The overall means for age at first calving (AFC), weight at first calving (WFC), first lactation milk yield (FLMY), first lactation period (FLP), first dry period (FDP) and first calving interval (FCI) were 928.07±0.08 days, 369.87±0.92 kg, 4054.35±22.14 litres, 301.84±0.26 days, 99.40±0.15 days and 401.33±0.33 days respectively. The period of calving has significant influence on AFC and WFC, whereas non-significant influence on FLMY, FLP and FDP. The season showed significant influence on all the traits under study except FLMY. Both period and season has highly significant influence on FCI.

Genetic analysis of persistency indices of milk yield in Jersey crossbred cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
Subrata Koloi ◽  
Ajoy Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Reproductive Traits ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Calving Interval ◽  
Phenotypic Variance ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
National Dairy Research Institute ◽  
Limited Scope

AbstractThe study reported in this Research Communication was conducted to estimate genetic parameters for different lactation persistency indices and their association with reproductive traits in Jersey crossbred cattle. Data on lactation traits (part lactation yields and 305-days milk yield) comprising all lactations as well as reproductive traits viz. calving interval, conception rate and gestation length of 378 Jersey crossbred cattle, maintained at National Dairy Research Institute, Kalyani, West Bengal, India, were collected over a period of 35 years (1982–2016). Five lactation persistency indices of animals (P21, P31, P32, P4 and P5) were calculated using ratio method. A total of six different animal models, ignoring or including maternal genetic or permanent environmental effects, were fitted for all persistency traits. The best model was chosen after testing the improvement of the log-likelihood values. The estimates of direct heritability were low in magnitude and ranged from 0.02 to 0.14 for the studied traits under the best fitted animal model. The permanent maternal environmental (c2) effects of different lactation persistency indices accounted for 2–9% of the total phenotypic variance in this study. Estimated genetic correlations of lactation persistency indices with all studied reproductive traits were low to moderate and negative (−0.11 to −0.68), except for calving interval. Phenotypic correlations of lactation persistency measures with studied reproductive traits were low (0.01 to 0.15). The low heritability estimates of all the persistency indices indicate some limited scope of genetic improvement of lactation persistency of animals through selection under the prevailing management conditions.

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