Positional variations in chalky occurrence within a rice panicle and its relation to grain nutritional quality

2007 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangmin Cheng ◽  
Yi Liu ◽  
Zhenghui Liu ◽  
Ningchun Zhao ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Positional Distribution ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Source Sink ◽  
White Belly

The effect of grain position within a panicle on chalky occurrence, and its relation to phytic acid and protein content, were studied using 6 Japonica rice cultivars with compact panicles and through leaf and floret removal treatments to alter source-sink ratio. There were significant differences in total chalky grain (TCG), white core grain (WCG), white belly grain (WBG), and WCG/WBG among grains within a panicle, with the top and primary rachides having higher WBG than the bottom and secondary rachides. Alteration of source-sink ratio had a remarkable influence on chalky grain occurrence and its positional distribution within a panicle, and the extent of the influence varied greatly with cultivars. In comparison with WCG, WBG occurrence was more susceptible to the alteration of source-sink ratio. No significant correlation was found between chalky percentage and phytic acid and protein contents for the grains in the different positions within a panicle. Chalky occurrence had little effect on the nutritional quality.

Positional variations in phytic acid and protein content within a panicle of japonica rice

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.-H. Liu ◽  
F.-M. Cheng ◽  
W.-D. Cheng ◽  
G.-P. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Japonica Rice

scholarly journals Improving grain appearance of erect-panicle japonica rice cultivars by introgression of the null gs9 allele

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 2032-2042
Author(s):  
Dong-sheng ZHAO ◽  
Jin-yu LIU ◽  
Ai-qiu DING ◽  
Tao ZHANG ◽  
Xin-yu REN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars

scholarly journals The nutritional quality of feedstuffs used in dairy goat nutrition in Vojvodina

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-178
Author(s):  
Snezana Paskas ◽  
Jelena Miocinovic ◽  
Branislav Vejnovic ◽  
Zsolt Becskei
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicago Sativa ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medicago Sativa L

The study was to conduct to evaluate the chemical composition and nutritive values of feedstuffs (forages and concentrate mixtures) used for dairy goats nutrition in Vojvodina. Samples were collected from six farms, including one organic farm. The results showed that the relative feed values of analyzed forages were in the range of good, medium to lower quality. Average protein content from lowest to highest for investigated forages was: corn silage (Zea Mays) (65.37-82.57g kg??DM), alfalfa haylage (Medicago sativa L.) (159.99-184.17g kg??DM), pasture (185.30g kg?? DM), and alfalfa hay (Medicago sativa L.) (167.48-203.60g kg??DM). The non-fibre carbohydrates and protein content most varied in organic hay samples (cv: 29.25% and 19.09%, respectively). Generally, feedstuffs used in organic nutrition, including organic concentrate, were of lower nutritional quality and moreover contained higher amounts of crude fibre and lignin. Especially, a high source of variation was observed in investigated concentrate mixtures for the crude protein content (p<0.0001), ranged from 135.32 to 209.87g kg??DM. Corn silages also varied substantially in their chemical composition and significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in regard to acid detergent fibre (ADF) and lignin content (ranged: ADF: 242.20-319.24g kg??DM; ADL: 27.98-52.54g kg??DM, respectively). Furthermore, pasture contained the most soluble materials during May and June and their content was related inversely to crude fibre amount. This survey highlights that investigated farms still pay insufficient attention to the quality of the feedstuff. For the development of intensive goat farming, greater emphasis should be placed on using higher quality feedstuffs, as well, standards for feed quality must be considered and established.

scholarly journals Sorghum in dryland: morphological, physiological, and molecular responses of sorghum under drought stress

Planta ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 255 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kibrom B. Abreha ◽  
Muluken Enyew ◽  
Anders S. Carlsson ◽  
Ramesh R. Vetukuri ◽  
Tileye Feyissa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Molecular Alterations ◽  
Germination Process ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Grain Yield And Quality ◽  
Source Sink

Abstract Main conclusion Droughts negatively affect sorghum’s productivity and nutritional quality. Across its diversity centers, however, there exist resilient genotypes that function differently under drought stress at various levels, including molecular and physiological. Abstract Sorghum is an economically important and a staple food crop for over half a billion people in developing countries, mostly in arid and semi-arid regions where drought stress is a major limiting factor. Although sorghum is generally considered tolerant, drought stress still significantly hampers its productivity and nutritional quality across its major cultivation areas. Hence, understanding both the effects of the stress and plant response is indispensable for improving drought tolerance of the crop. This review aimed at enhancing our understanding and provide more insights on drought tolerance in sorghum as a contribution to the development of climate resilient sorghum cultivars. We summarized findings on the effects of drought on the growth and development of sorghum including osmotic potential that impedes germination process and embryonic structures, photosynthetic rates, and imbalance in source-sink relations that in turn affect seed filling often manifested in the form of substantial reduction in grain yield and quality. Mechanisms of sorghum response to drought-stress involving morphological, physiological, and molecular alterations are presented. We highlighted the current understanding about the genetic basis of drought tolerance in sorghum, which is important for maximizing utilization of its germplasm for development of improved cultivars. Furthermore, we discussed interactions of drought with other abiotic stresses and biotic factors, which may increase the vulnerability of the crop or enhance its tolerance to drought stress. Based on the research reviewed in this article, it appears possible to develop locally adapted cultivars of sorghum that are drought tolerant and nutrient rich using modern plant breeding techniques.

scholarly journals Integrated Analysis of Metabolome and Volatile Profiles of Germinated Brown Rice from the Japonica and Indica Subspecies

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 2448
Author(s):  
Chenguang Zhou ◽  
Yaojie Zhou ◽  
Yuqian Hu ◽  
Bin Li ◽  
Roujia Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Indica Rice ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Integrated Analysis ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Germinated Brown Rice ◽  
Metabolomics Data ◽  
Volatile Profiles

Abstract: In the present study, germinated brown rice (GBR) from three Japonica and three Indica rice cultivars were subjected to metabolomics analysis and volatile profiling. The statistical assessment and pathway analysis of the metabolomics data demonstrated that in spite of significant metabolic changes in response to the germination treatment, the Japonica rice cultivars consistently expressed higher levels of several health-promoting compounds, such as essential amino acids and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), than the Indica cultivars. No clear discriminations of the volatile profiles were observed in light of the subspecies, and the concentrations of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including alkenes, aldehydes, furans, ketones, and alcohols, all exhibited significant reductions ranging from 26.8% to 64.1% after the germination. The results suggest that the Japonica cultivars might be desirable as the raw materials for generating and selecting GBR food products for health-conscious consumers.

scholarly journals Enhancement of bioavailable iron and calcium contents in fermented linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) beverages

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.C. Suvarna ◽  
N. Nivetha ◽  
A.J. Shraddha ◽  
R.U. Abhishek
Keyword(s):  
Phytic Acid ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Nutritional Quality ◽  
Fiber Quality ◽  
Phytic Acid Content ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Linum Usitatissimum L ◽  
Iron And Calcium

Linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) is considered as a nutritious food because of exceptionally high alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) content, dietary fiber, quality protein and phytoestrogens. It is rich in minerals (100 g of seeds contain 350-431 mg of magnesium and 236- 250 mg of calcium) and has very low amount of sodium. It also contains anti-nutritional factors, especially phytic acid that interferes with the bioavailability of nutrients like calcium and iron. Fermentation increases the nutritional quality of foods by reducing anti-nutritional factors. Probiotic cultures viz., Lactobacillus acidophilus, Bacillus mesentericus and lactic acid bacterial isolate LAB-3 were used to produce fermented linseed beverage and the quantity of phytic acid, bioavailability of iron and calcium were estimated. Bioavailability of iron and calcium increased by fermentation. The highest bioavailable iron and calcium were observed in L. acidophilus fermentation (4.40 mg and 250.41 mg /100 g seeds, respectively) followed by LAB-3 and Bacillus mesentericus compared to raw seeds that contain 0.89 mg of iron and 125 mg of calcium /100g of seeds. Phytic acid content was high in raw seeds (1392 mg /100 g seeds) and fermentation with L. acidophilus recorded 856 mg phytic acid /100 g seeds resulting in 38.51 % reduction. LAB-3 and B. mesentericus showed approximately 32 % reduction in phytic acid content. The reduction in phytic acid content is significantly high. Fermentation using probiotic bacteria enhanced the bioavailability of iron and calcium by reducing phytic acid. Hence, this study leads to a conclusion that, microbial intervention can be adopted to reduce the anti-nutritional factors and enhance the nutritional quality of linseed.

Critical Factors for Grain Filling of Erect Panicle Type Japonica Rice Cultivars

2013 ◽  
Vol 105 (5) ◽  
pp. 1404-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xing‐Tao Li ◽  
Hai‐Tao Cheng ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Cui‐Mei Yu ◽  
Lu‐Yi Qu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Filling ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Critical Factors
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