Consequences of selection for growth and heat resistance on growth, feed conversion efficiency, commercial carcass traits and meat quality of Zebu crossbred cattle

Thirty-five steers and 37 heifers were grown at pasture and finished in a feedlot to meet Australian domestic market specifications, i.e. 160-200 kg carcass weight with 5-9 mm subcutaneous fat at the P8 rump site. The animals were from lines that had been selected for either high growth rate to 600 days (UPWT) or for low rectal temperature under conditions of high ambient temperatures (TEMP) and from a control line (CONT). They were slaughtered in six groups at fortnightly intervals when liveweight of individuals was estimated to satisfy market requirements. Animals from the UPWT line were heavier at all ages than animals from the TEMP and CONT lines (P< 0.05) and had higher liveweight gains at pasture (P < 0.01). There was no difference between the lines in liveweight gains in the feedlot. At the same carcass weight, UPM animals had leaner carcasses (P < 0.01) but similar levels of marbling to CONT line animals. TEMP line animals were also leaner than CONT line animals (P < 0.0l ) , but had more marbling (P<0.01). There was no significant difference between lines in feed conversion efficiency. Steers were heavier (P < 0.001) than heifers at all ages, grew faster (P < 0.001) except during the immediate post-castration period, had higher feed intakes (P < 0.05) but better feed conversion efficiencies (P < 0.05), and at the same carcass weight were leaner (P < 0-01) and had less marbling (P < 0.05). Meat colour, cooking loss, ultimate pH and meat tenderness did not differ significantly between lines or sexes. These results are discussed with reference to the use of selection for growth or heat resistance to improve growth and carcass traits of beef herds in tropical areas.

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Effect of forage to concentrate ratio and duration of feeding on growth and feed conversion efficiency of male lambs

Translational Animal Science ◽

10.1093/tas/txy071 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 419-427 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Noel A Claffey ◽

Alan G Fahey ◽

Vasiliki Gkarane ◽

Aidan P Moloney ◽

Frank J Monahan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Fresh Weight ◽

Viable Option ◽

Financial Return ◽

Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽

Ad Libitum ◽

The Cost ◽

Concentrate Inclusion

Abstract Rations (DM basis) for spring-born male lambs consisting of concentrates ad libitum (CON), 50:50 (50% concentrate:50% forage), and forage ad libitum (FORG) were evaluated across feeding periods of three durations (36, 54, and 72 d). Lambs on CON diets were offered ad libitum access to concentrate along with 400 g of fresh weight silage (daily), while 50:50 diets were offered 0.9 and 3.0 kg of concentrate and silage, respectively. Lambs on FORG were offered ad libitum access to 25.5% DM silage. These rations were fed to 99 spring-born male Texel cross Scottish Blackface lambs which were assigned to a 3 × 3 factorial arrangement. Lambs were slaughtered following completion of their respective treatments. Lambs fed CON diets had greater ADG, FCE, and carcass weight (P < 0.001) and carcasses with greater conformation score (P < 0.001) than lambs fed 50:50 or FORG diets. Duration of feeding had no effect on production variables across all three concentrate inclusion levels. It was concluded that the inclusion of concentrates is needed to adequately finish lambs fed indoors. Feeding lamb’s 50:50 diets resulted in modest responses and may be a viable option for finishing lambs or to maintain growth in lambs when the cost of concentrate feed is high relative to the financial return on the lamb meat.

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Effects of selection for lower backfat, and increased levels of dietary amino acids to digestible energy on growth performance, carcass merit and meat quality in boars, gilts, and barrows

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/a96-133 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 77 (3) ◽

pp. 487-496 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

R. R. Grandhi ◽

R. L. Cliplef

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Growth Rate ◽

Growth Performance ◽

Meat Quality ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Control Line ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽

Carcass Merit ◽

Feeding Diets

Two experiments were conducted, using a total of 288 crossbred boars, gilts and barrows from the progeny of two Yorkshire sow lines, one kept as control, and the other selected for lower backfat thickness and increased growth rate for six generations. The lysine to DE (g MJ−1) levels used during grower (20 to 60 kg) and finisher (60 to 105 kg) periods, respectively, in the three diets (14.2 MJ DE kg−1) were: 1) 0.53 and 0.42 with no other supplemental amino acids except lysine, 2) 0.69 and 0.57 with supplemental threonine and methionine at a ratio of 0.65 and 0.30 to dietary lysine and 3) 0.85 and 0.72 with supplemental threonine and methionine at similar ratios as in diet 2. Feeding diets 2 and 3 increased (P < 0.05) the ADG and feed conversion efficiency of all pigs in both experiments, and this response was mainly during the grower period. Feeding diet 3 improved the growth rate more than diet 2 only in boars and gilts but not barrows. It also increased the feed conversion efficiency in exp. 2. The increased feed conversion efficiency response was higher in select than control line pigs, and in boars. Feeding diets 2 and 3 also improved the carcass merit but reduced the meat quality with an increased firmness and reduced marbling, juiciness, and flavour. The overall results indicated that an average daily intake of approximately 17 g of lysine (0.74 g MJ−1 DE), 11 g of threonine and 5 g of methionine during the grower period and 25 g lysine (0.62 g MJ−1 DE), 18 g threonine and 8 g methionine during finisher period optimized the growth performance, lean growth rate and carcass merit. This response tended to be higher in select than control line, and in boars and gilts than barrows. Key words: Lysine, amino acids, energy, growth, carcass, pigs

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Effect of adding tallow on some production performance of Awassi ewe lambs

Al-Anbar Journal of Veterinary Sciences ◽

10.37940/ajvs.2018.11.1.15 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

A Hasan ◽

M Dahham

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Production Performance ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽

Animal Fats ◽

Significant Difference

This experiment was conducted in animal felid/ University of Baghdad/ College of Agriculture/ Animal production from 9/11/2016 until 9/1/2017. Twelve growing Awassi ewes lambs weighted 29.13 ±1.50 kg and 8-10 month old were used in this study, the lambs were divided into three individual groups (4 animals/ group) receive the dietary treatments contain 0.2 and 4% tallow, animals were fed concentrate at 2.5% of body weight, Alfalfa hay was given ad libitum basis as the roughage, The results found that: No significant difference between groups in total and daily concentrate, roughage and total feed intake, However, final body weight not affected by the experimental diets, total and daily weight gain had higher values (p<0.05) in diets containing 2 and 4% tallow, feed conversion efficiency improved significantly (P<0.05) in 4% tallow diet compared to other groups. It can be concluded that added tallow to sheep diets improved some productive performance such as total and daily weight gain, feed conversion efficiency. Excess animal fats from human consumption can be used as an energy source in ruminants feeds. Thus benefiting from excess animal fats from human consumption as a source of energy in ruminants' rations.

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The effects of selection for lean growth in Suffolk sires on the saleable meat yield of their crossbred progeny

Animal Science ◽

10.1017/s1357729800014557 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 255-263 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

G. Simm ◽

S. V. Murphy

Keyword(s):

Subcutaneous Fat ◽

Live Weight ◽

Carcass Weight ◽

Selection Line ◽

Control Line ◽

Breeding Scheme ◽

Lean Growth ◽

Agricultural College ◽

Selection For ◽

Similar Growth

AbstractThis experiment involved a commercial evaluation of carcasses of extensively reared crossbred lambs. These were sired by Suffolk rams from either a selection line or a control line of a Scottish Agricultural College (SAC) selection experiment, in which selection wasfor lean growth, or by Suffolk ‘reference sires’ from an industry co-operative breeding scheme (SSRS). The lambs were slaughtered at a target live weight of 42 kg between June and October 1992. In total, 421 lamb carcasses were included in the evaluation, 173 from six selection-line rams, 193 from six control-line rams and 55from three SSRS rams. Each of the carcasses was visually appraised for estimated subcutaneous fat proportion and for conformation of the shoulder, loin and leg, as well as being classified using conventional Meat and Livestock Commission (MLC) scales for fat and conformation. Animals were slaughtered at an average age of 139·5 (s.d. 25·6) days and achieved an average cold carcass weight of 20·04 (s.d. 0·96) kg. Carcasses had an average estimated subcutaneous fat proportion of 122·3 (s.d. 22·4) g/kg — equivalent to MLC fat class 3L to 3H. Overall conformation scores, on a 15-point scale, averaged 8·63 (s.d. 1·80) points. Carcasses were cut into joints according to a leading supermarket specification. The weights of pairs of shoulder, flank, loin and leg joints were obtained for each carcass, as well as weights of bone and fat removed during jointing. Saleable meat weights and proportions averaged 15·31 (s.d. 0·76) kg and 765·9 (s.d. 10·0) g/kg respectively. At a constant carcass weight, the SAC selection-line progeny were significantly younger (-11 days), had a significantly higher carcass value (+£1·50), a significantly lower estimated subcutaneous fat proportion (-13 g/kg), and a significantly higher weight of saleable meat (+0·1 kg) and higher proportion ofsaleable meat (+4 glkg) than control-line progeny, but had lower conformation scores. SSRS progeny had similar growth and fatness to selection-line lambs, but had poorer conformation, and significantly more bone in the carcass than either of the SAC lines. When comparisons were made at a constant estimated subcutaneous fat proportion, all differences in conformation between SAC lines disappeared. However, SSRS progeny remained poorer in conformation. The SSRS rams werefrom afoundation generation of the scheme, and were not expected to be markedly superior for carcass characteristics. Carcass weight was byfar the most important predictor of weight of saleable meat, or leg and loin joint weights. Conformation and estimated fat proportion made only marginal improvements, if any, to the precision of prediction, with fat proportion being the more important of the two predictors.

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PROPORTIONS OF MAJOR BOVINE TISSUES AS INFLUENCED BY RATIONS BASED ON BARLEY OR OATS

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas70-038 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 50 (2) ◽

pp. 253-258 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. MUKHOTY ◽

R. T. BERG ◽

C. M. GRIEVE

Keyword(s):

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Experimental Diet ◽

Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽

Digestible Energy ◽

Bull Calves ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Maintenance Requirements

The experiment was conducted to study the effect of oats and barley in high-grain rations on performance of calves and on totals and proportions of muscle, bone and fat in the carcasses. Each experimental diet was fed to a group of four Jersey bull calves. There was no significant difference between the two groups of calves in average daily liveweight gain, and very little difference in feed conversion efficiency and daily feed consumption.On the basis of total dissection of one-half of each carcass, calves fed barley contained practically the same amount of lean, similar proportions of bone and more fat (23.6% vs. 14.9%) compared with those fed oats. Barley-fed animals consumed 26.3% more digestible energy over maintenance requirements than oats-fed animals. This resulted in 58.4% more dissectable fat in the carcasses of barley-fed animals.

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Digestive Morphology of Native Pig Supplemented by Different Levels of Fermented Vigna radiata L.

International Journal of Current Science Research and Review ◽

10.47191/ijcsrr/v4-i11-13 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 04 (11) ◽

Author(s):

Ken N Falculan Ph.D. ◽

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

P Value ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽

Dietary Nutrients ◽

Treated Sample ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Levels

Enhancing feed efficiency in converting feed mass into pig body mass is a critical phase for the profit in producing pig. To improve the metabolic utilization of dietary nutrients, it relies heavily on a healthy gut or gastrointestinal tract, and only a healthy digestive can result in better feed digestion and better nutrient absorption. Thus, the study investigates the growth performance, the response of the digestive morphology of native pigs, which treatment will stretch higher output and variations under different levels of fermented mungbean. The experimental research design was employed to determine the response of the three (3) pigs treated with mungbean for 70 days. The growth performance of pigs treated with different levels of fermented mungbean has a total gain weight of 7.50kg for Treatment 1; Treatment 2 is 9.00kg and, Treatment 3 is 6.50kg and is observed no significant difference on the final weight and the total weight with a p-value of > 0. 050; the response on digestive morphology such as small intestine, large intestine, heart, stomach, liver, lungs, esophagus, spleen, and kidney of pigs shows no variations on their length, width, and weight with a p-value of >0.050 under the different level of fermented mungbean; and resulted with high output treated with different level of fermented mungbean is observed on Treatment 2 with a lowest feed conversion efficiency of 3.89 for feeds and 1.39 for mungbean. Treatment 2 has the highest gain weight among the treated sample; the intestinal morphology of pigs was comparable under the three treatments; treatment 2 has the lowest feed conversion efficiency.

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Digestive Morphology of Native Pig Supplemented by Different Levels of Fermented Vigna radiata L.

American Journal of Agricultural Science, Engineering and Technology ◽

10.54536/ajaset.v5i2.113 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 378-396

Author(s):

Ken N Falculan

Keyword(s):

Growth Performance ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Intestinal Morphology ◽

P Value ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽

Dietary Nutrients ◽

Treated Sample ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Different Levels

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Evolution in Configuration and Productivity of New Zealand Hill Country Sheep and Beef Cattle Systems

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11060531 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 531

Author(s):

Januarius Gobilik ◽

Stephen Todd Morris ◽

Cory Matthew

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Beef Cattle ◽

Conversion Efficiency ◽

Production Systems ◽

Metabolic Energy ◽

Meat Production ◽

Feed Conversion ◽

Feed Conversion Efficiency ◽

Hill Country ◽

Cattle Systems

Metabolic energy budgeting (MEB) was used to evaluate evolution over 30 years (1980–1981 to 2010–2011) in New Zealand southern North Island ‘hill country’ sheep and beef cattle systems. MEB calculates energy required by animals for body weight maintenance, weight gain or loss, pregnancy, and lactation to estimate the system feed demand and thereby provide a basis for calculating feed conversion efficiency. Historic production systems were reconstructed and modeled using averaged data from industry surveys and data from owners’ diaries of three case-study farms and reviewed for patterns of change over time. The modeling indicated that pasture productivity was 11% lower and herbage harvested was 14% lower in 2010–2011 than in the early 1980s. This productivity decline is attributable to warmer, drier summer weather in recent years. However, primarily through increased lambing percentage, feed conversion efficiency based on industry data improved over the study period from 25 to 19 kg feed consumed per kg lamb weaned, while meat production rose from 137 to 147 kg per ha per year. Similar improvements were observed for the three case farms. The New Zealand MEB model was found effective for analysis of tropical beef production systems in Sabah, Malaysia.

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