scholarly journals Progress Towards Direct Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cells (DHPFCs) as an Energy Storage Concept

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 (10) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciaran J. McDonnell-Worth ◽  
Douglas R. MacFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Electrochemical Methods ◽  
Environmentally Benign ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Reversible System

This review introduces the concept of direct H2O2 fuel cells and discusses the merits of these systems in comparison with other ‘clean-energy’ fuels. Through electrochemical methods, H2O2 fuel can be generated from environmentally benign energy sources such as wind and solar. It also produces only water and oxygen when it is utilised in a direct H2O2 fuel cell, making it a fully reversible system. The electrochemical methods for H2O2 production are discussed here as well as the recent research aimed at increasing the efficiency and power of direct H2O2 fuel cells.

scholarly journals New Perspectives on Fuel Cell Technology: A Brief Review

Membranes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazlianie Sazali ◽  
Wan Norharyati Wan Salleh ◽  
Ahmad Shahir Jamaludin ◽  
Mohd Nizar Mhd Razali
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Gas Turbines ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Direct Methanol Fuel Cells ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Storage And Conversion ◽  
Carnot Cycle ◽  
Cell Functions

Energy storage and conversion is a very important link between the steps of energy production and energy consumption. Traditional fossil fuels are a natural and unsustainable energy storage medium with limited reserves and notorious pollution problems, therefore demanding a better choice to store and utilize the green and renewable energies in the future. Energy and environmental problems require a clean and efficient way of using the fuels. Fuel cell functions to efficiently convert oxidant and chemical energy accumulated in the fuel directly into DC electric, with the by-products of heat and water. Fuel cells, which are known as effective electrochemical converters, and electricity generation technology has gained attention due to the need for clean energy, the limitation of fossil fuel resources and the capability of a fuel cell to generate electricity without involving any moving mechanical part. The fuel cell technologies that received high interest for commercialization are polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), and direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs). The optimum efficiency for the fuel cell is not bound by the principle of Carnot cycle compared to other traditional power machines that are generally based on thermal cycles such as gas turbines, steam turbines and internal combustion engines. However, the fuel cell applications have been restrained by the high cost needed to commercialize them. Researchers currently focus on the discovery of different materials and manufacturing methods to enhance fuel cell performance and simplify components of fuel cells. Fuel cell systems’ designs are utilized to reduce the costs of the membrane and improve cell efficiency, durability and reliability, allowing them to compete with the traditional combustion engine. In this review, we primarily analyze recent developments in fuel cells technologies and up-to-date modeling for PEMFCs, SOFCs and DMFCs.

scholarly journals Recent Advances in Nanoscale Based Electrocatalysts for Metal-Air Battery, Fuel Cell and Water-Splitting Applications: An Overview

Materials ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 458
Author(s):  
Tse-Wei Chen ◽  
Ganesan Anushya ◽  
Shen-Ming Chen ◽  
Palraj Kalimuthu ◽  
Vinitha Mariyappan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Water Splitting ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Storage Technology ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Energy Storage Technology ◽  
Air Battery

Metal-air batteries and fuel cells are considered the most promising highly efficient energy storage systems because they possess long life cycles, high carbon monoxide (CO) tolerance, and low fuel crossover ability. The use of energy storage technology in the transport segment holds great promise for producing green and clean energy with lesser greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In recent years, nanoscale based electrocatalysts have shown remarkable electrocatalytic performance towards the construction of sustainable energy-related devices/applications, including fuel cells, metal-air battery and water-splitting processes. This review summarises the recent advancement in the development of nanoscale-based electrocatalysts and their energy-related electrocatalytic applications. Further, we focus on different synthetic approaches employed to fabricate the nanomaterial catalysts and also their size, shape and morphological related electrocatalytic performances. Following this, we discuss the catalytic reaction mechanism of the electrochemical energy generation process, which provides close insight to develop a more efficient catalyst. Moreover, we outline the future perspectives and challenges pertaining to the development of highly efficient nanoscale-based electrocatalysts for green energy storage technology.

scholarly journals Unparalleled mitigation of membrane degradation in fuel cells via a counter-intuitive approach: suppression of H2O2 production at the hydrogen anode using a Ptskin–PtCo catalyst

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1091-1094 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guoyu Shi ◽  
Donald A. Tryk ◽  
Toshio Iwataki ◽  
Hiroshi Yano ◽  
Makoto Uchida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
H2o2 Production ◽  
Anode Catalyst ◽  
Membrane Degradation ◽  
Hydrogen Anode

PtCo/CHT anode catalyst showed a large suppression of H2O2 generation, by ≥50% in comparison with commercial Pt/CB at practical potentials for H2 oxidation, resulting in greatly enhanced durability of the fuel cell by mitigating membrane degradation.

Reliable Performance Evaluation of Single Cells Through an Effective Experimental Test Rig and Measure Chain

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piero Lunghi ◽  
Gianni Bidini
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Experimental Tests ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Test Reliability ◽  
Test Procedures ◽  
Utilization Factor ◽  
Input Parameters

Fuel cells are known to be efficient and environmental friendly electricity generation devices. Great expectations are put on their contribution for future ultra-clean energy production. Nevertheless, the requests from deregulated energy market prompt fast commercialization of systems that are not yet fully optimized. Low efficiencies of first generation commercial fuel cell plants could result in failure when satisfying end users’ requirements thus creating an obstacle for subsequent market penetration. In this context, the availability of reliable data on fuel cells, necessary for their correct integration in full energy systems for plant optimization and feasibility assessment constitutes a priority. On the other hand, while measuring fuel cells performance is a difficult task nevertheless within reach for most research departments; the challenge for the scientific community is to reliably assess performance dependence on all the most relevant input parameters. As a result, most of the experimental data find on literature on fuel cells performances refer to voltage measures at increasing currents for fixed gas compositions and flow rates. In this work an experimental facility has been set up, test rigs have been designed and constructed both for fuel cells and reforming section testing; the main aim was to allow great operational flexibility. Great attention has been paid on test procedures and on input parameterisation as well on reliable advanced control systems. Dependence on the most relevant input parameters, i.e. current density, operating temperature, fuel and oxidant utilization factor, fuel humidification and dilution has been deeply analysed. Performances have been analysed both in terms of output voltage and efficiency and in terms of time degradation and expected total lifetime. The contribution of the work done consist in defining adimensional parameters which, thanks to their direct relation with the theoretical equations which govern a fuel cell, can greatly improve performance evaluation capability of experimental tests. Moreover those parameters can represent a way to standardize test procedures and constitute a means for comparing and exchanging results in a easier and effective way. A second contribution consist in designing and developing a unique control system that can improve test reliability thanks to the feature that allows to change single parameters while keeping the others constant and greatly enhance the number of experimental points that can be obtained in a test.

scholarly journals Sizing and Control Algorithms of a Hybrid Energy Storage System Based on Fuel Cells

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (19) ◽  
pp. 5147
Author(s):  
Arkadiusz Adamczyk
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Energy Storage ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage ◽  
Hybrid Energy Storage System ◽  
And Control

Growing consciousness of the threat posed by man-made climate change has spurred government institutions, industry, and science to find clean fuels to power economic activity. Fuel cells powered by hydrogen are one of the steps in gaining clean energy. To improve the efficiency of the fuel cell, the hybrid solutions are required. This article shows a new approach to the design and control of a hybrid energy storage system for portable applications. The methodology allows us to optimize the desired physical parameters of the elements (weight or size) in order to withstand the connected load power demand. Such an approach allows us to minimize weight, which is essential in portable systems. The methodology was proven by building a technology demonstrator. The measurements of physical objects verified the electrical parameters received during simulation and allowed a lower weight of the system, compared to the system based only on Li-ion batteries.

Development of Pem Fuel Cell in Pakistan

2009 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 597-604 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Raza ◽  
S. A. Hayat ◽  
M. Ashraf Chaudhry ◽  
J. Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Pem Fuel Cell ◽  
Graphical Form ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Global Approach ◽  
Alternate Energy ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Energy Shortage

There is a worldwide awareness for finding alternate energy sources. Fuel cells are seen as potential candidates to fill the upcoming energy shortage gap. In line with this global approach, an initiative has been undertaken for developing Fuel Cells in Pakistan. Accordingly, a prototype Fuel Cell was developed. Different experiments were conducted to gauge its performance. The results are presented in the graphical form. The study has also been extended to measure the impact of catalyst on various performance determining parameters of the Fuel Cell.

Accelerated Hexavalent Chromium [Cr (VI)] Reduction with Electrogenerated Hydrogen Peroxide in Microbial Fuel Cells

2012 ◽  
Vol 512-515 ◽  
pp. 1525-1528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Liu ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
Ding Long Li
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cell ◽  
Hexavalent Chromium ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Carbon Felt ◽  
Dual Chamber ◽  
Air Cathode ◽  
Efficient Reduction

Cr(VI) was reduced at a carbon felt cathode in an air-cathode dual-chamber microbial fuel cell (MFC). The reduction of Cr(VI) was proven to be strongly associated with the electrogenerated H2O2 at the cathode. At pH 3.0, only 27.3% of Cr(VI) was reduced after 12h in the nitrogen-bubbling-cathode MFC, while complete reduction of Cr(VI) was achieved after 6h in the air-bubbling-cathode MFC in which the reduction of oxygen to H2O2was confirmed. The results showed that the efficient reduction of Cr(VI) could be achieved with an air-bubbling-cathode MFC.

scholarly journals Application of platinum-cobalt-boron as the anode material for sodium borohydride-hydrogen peroxide fuel cells

Chemija ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aldona Balčiūnaitė ◽  
Zita Sukackienė ◽  
Loreta Tamašauskaitė-Tamašiūnaitė ◽  
Rimantas Vaitkus ◽  
Eugenijus Norkus
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Anode Materials ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Anode Catalysts ◽  
Fuel Cell Performance ◽  
Peak Power Density ◽  
Density Values

The electroless deposition and galvanic displacement methods were used for the fabrication of cobalt–boron (CoB) catalysts modified with small amounts of platinum crystallites in the range of 9.8 to 14.4 μgPt cm–2. The prepared catalysts were studied as the anode materials for direct borohydride–hydrogen peroxide (NaBH4/H2O2) fuel cells at temperatures of 25–55°C. Polarization curves have been recorded with the aim to evaluate the fuel cell performance using the prepared CoB and that modified with Pt crystallites as the anode catalysts. For all catalysts (pure CoB and PtCoB) investigated, the peak power density values increase consecutively with the increment in temperature from 25°C up to 55°C. The values from 86–146 mV cm–2 and 146–234 mV cm–2 were determined for pure CoB and PtCoB catalysts, respectively. The highest specific peak power density of 21.5 kWgPt–1 was achieved at 55°C temperature when the PtCoB catalyst with the Pt loading of 9.8 μgPtcm–2 was employed as the anode catalyst in the NaBH4/H2O2 single fuel cell.

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