Combined foliar selenium and zinc biofortification in field pea (Pisum sativum): accumulation and bioavailability in raw and cooked grains

Millions of people have an inadequate intake of selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn), and foliar biofortification may minimise these problems. To evaluate the efficacy of combined foliar Se and Zn fertilisation in field pea (Pisum sativum L.) grains, foliar Se and Zn applications were tested individually and in all combinations (0, 0.03% or 0.06% (w/v) NaSeO4, and 0, 0.25% or 0.5% (w/v) ZnSO4.7H2O) at early grain filling. Plant growth was not influenced by any of the treatments. There was a positive relationship between total Se or Zn concentration in raw or cooked grains and respective Se or Zn application dose. Grain Zn accumulation was positively influenced by the combined application of Se and Zn. Grain cooking caused a slight decrease in grain Se (by 7.4%) and Zn concentrations (by 19%); however, cooking enhanced Zn bioavailability. The consumption of 100 g of cooked, biofortified field peas would provide ~50% of recommended daily intake of Zn and 45% of Se. The present study successfully biofortified field peas with Se and Zn, with the combined foliar application of Se and Zn being the best option.

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Proximate and mineral composition of field peas

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p96-059 ◽

1997 ◽

Vol 77 (1) ◽

pp. 101-103 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

T. D. Warkentin ◽

A. G. Sloan ◽

S. T. Ali-Khan

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Key Words ◽

Mineral Composition ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Total Protein ◽

Field Pea ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Field Peas ◽

Pea Seeds ◽

Proximate And Mineral Composition

Field pea seeds from 10 cultivars grown at two locations in Manitoba in 1986 and 1987 were analyzed for proximate and mineral profiles. Cultivars differed significantly in their level of total protein, crude fat, ADF, and all minerals tested. However, differences were not extremely large and were comparable to European reports. Location-year also had a significant effect on the levels of total protein, ADF, and all minerals tested. In most cases, the warmest location-year produced relatively higher levels of minerals, ash, and total protein, and lower seed yield than the coolest location-year. Key words: Field pea, Pisum sativum L., mineral

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Differences between the effects of insecticidal seed and foliar treatments on pea leaf weevils (Sitona lineatus L.) in the field pea (Pisum sativum L.)

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/34/2009-pps ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 46 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 25-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

M. Seidenglanz ◽

J. Poslušná ◽

I. Smékalová ◽

J. Rotrekl ◽

P. Kolařík

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Foliar Application ◽

Field Pea ◽

Seed Treatments ◽

Real Effect ◽

Root Nodulation ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽

Higher Doses

Tested seed treatments (two doses of thiamethoxam, thiamethoxam + fludioxonil + metalaxyl-M; two doses of clothianidin + beta-cyfluthrin) showed high effects on pea leaf weevils (Sitona lineatus L.) which approved relatively long-lasting and sufficient protection of several bottom nodes of stipules simultaneously. The effects of foliar treatments (chlorpyrifos + cypermethrin; acetamiprid, lambda-cyhalothrin) sometimes were evident only on the node which was determined as the youngest node at the time of spraying. The effects of the compared seed and foliar treatments on the reduction of S. lineauts larvae numbers on roots were not proven as positive. It is possible to conclude that the foliar application had no real effect in this sense at all. However, positive significant effects of thiamethoxam and clothianidin + beta-cyfluthrin on root nodulation in general were recorded. Especially higher doses of the seed treatments increased overall nodulation from 43% till 363%.  

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QUALITY, YIELD, AND SEED WEIGHT OF GREEN FIELD PEAS UNDER CONDITIONS OF APPLIED SHADE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps81-032 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 61 (2) ◽

pp. 213-217 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

G. H. GUBBELS

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Protein Content ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Field Studies ◽

Field Pea ◽

Green Color ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Field Peas ◽

Very High

Field studies were conducted in 1973 and 1974 to evaluate the effects of light intensity on the quality and yield of the green field pea (Pisum sativum L.) ’Triumph’. The treatments included a control with no shading (80 klx) and shading with one (31 klx) or two (9 klx) layers of screen material for a 3-wk period before maturity. Shading resulted in a significant decrease in seed weight and yield and a significant increase in protein content of the seed. The effect of shading on viscosity of the cooked samples was quadratic, implying that viscosity only decreased at very high levels of shading. Shading also tended to reduce loss of green color in the seed cotyledons.

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QUALITY, YIELD AND WEIGHT PER SEED OF GREEN FIELD PEAS AS AFFECTED BY SOWING AND HARVEST DATES

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps77-153 ◽

1977 ◽

Vol 57 (4) ◽

pp. 1029-1032 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

G. H. GUBBELS

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Sowing Date ◽

Field Pea ◽

Green Color ◽

Protein Percentage ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Harvest Dates ◽

Field Peas ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Cooking Yield

The green field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cv. Delwiche Scotch Green was sown at two dates and harvested at five dates in the field in 1971–1973 to determine the effect on quality, yield and weight per seed. The green color deteriorated with delay in harvesting. Rate of color loss varied from year to year, probably due to rainfall patterns. Differences in protein percentage due to sowing date varied from year to year, resulting in no significant difference over the 3-yr period. Viscosity of peas after cooking, yield and weight per seed were higher in the early than in the later sowing.

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Evaluation of coated seeds as a Rhizobium delivery system for field pea

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/p00-062 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 81 (2) ◽

pp. 247-253 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

W. A. Rice ◽

G. W. Clayton ◽

N. Z. Lupwayi ◽

P. E. Olsen

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Fixation ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Acid Soils ◽

Field Pea ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Field Peas ◽

Key Words Nitrogen Fixation ◽

Ph Standard ◽

Key Words Nitrogen

Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted with field peas (Pisum sativum, L.) in soils of pH 4.4 to 6.8 to determine the best rate of inoculation with rhizobium and to evaluate pre-inoculated (coated) seeds as an alternative to the traditional seed inoculation method of using sticking agents. Inoculation rates higher than 105 cells seed–1 were usually required for high nodulation, nitrogen fixation and grain yields. Therefore, Canadian standards, which require that 105 nodulating rhizobia be delivered per seed for large-seed legumes like peas, may need to be increased. Counts of rhizobia on coated seeds were about 3 log units lower than those on freshly inoculated seeds, but coated seeds significantly outperformed standard seed-inoculated seeds in nodulation and crop yield in acid soils (pH 4.4 and 4.7). However, field pea yields were too low to have commercial value at these low pH levels. In soils with higher pH, standard inoculation resulted in greater nodulation and yield, but the differences were not always significant. It is concluded that the use of coated seeds provides a yield advantage for field pea grown on acid soils, but liming would probably be a better option. Use of coated seeds on other soils will depend on the trade-off between the time and money saved in inoculation in order to seed early and a possible reduction in yield due to insufficient numbers of rhizobia being applied. Key words: Nitrogen fixation, nodulation, Pisum sativum, pre-inoculated seeds

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Natural enrichment of selenium in Saskatchewan field peas (Pisum sativum L.).

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps09154 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 90 (4) ◽

pp. 383-389 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

D. Thavarajah ◽

T. Warkentin ◽

A. Vandenberg

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Key Words ◽

Field Pea ◽

Genotypic Differences ◽

Recommended Daily Allowance ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Field Peas ◽

Daily Allowance ◽

Pea Seeds ◽

Natural Enrichment

Pulses are important dietary sources of selenium (Se). Supplying needed Se through widely used foods such as pulses and cereals could increase dietary Se intake. We analyzed the total Se concentration of 17 field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars grown at six locations for 2 yr in Saskatchewan. A significant effect of location was identified, with the highest Se concentration in pea seeds grown in the Saskatoon region and the lowest concentration in the Melfort region. The effect of crop year was not significant. Significant genotypic differences in total Se concentration among the 17 field pea cultivars were not observed in the combined analysis. Total Se concentrations over six locations × 2 yr ranged from 373 to 519 µg kg-1, corresponding to 68-94% of the recommended daily allowance (RDA) for adults based on a 100 g serving of dry field peas. Saskatchewan soils are derived from marine shale and are rich in Se, and pulses grown in Saskatchewan have the potential to provide an excellent natural source of this element. Key words: Selenium, field pea, biofortification

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COOKING QUALITY, YIELD AND SEED WEIGHT OF FIELD PEAS AS AFFECTED BY IRRIGATION, NITROGEN, PHOSPHORUS AND HARVEST DATE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps82-133 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 62 (4) ◽

pp. 893-899 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

G. H. GUBBELS ◽

S. T. ALI-KHAN ◽

B. B. CHUBEY ◽

M. STAUVERS

Keyword(s):

Soil Moisture ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Field Study ◽

Seed Weight ◽

Cooking Quality ◽

Field Pea ◽

Harvest Date ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Field Peas ◽

Nitrogen Phosphorus

The yellow-seeded field pea (Pisum sativum L. ’Century’) was grown at two levels of soil moisture, two levels of N and P and harvested at four dates in a 3-yr field study to determine the effects of these factors on cooking quality as indicated by the color, weight and viscosity of the puree of cooked samples. Nitrogen lowered cooking quality where yields were not improved but maintained quality when yield was increased. Phosphorus applications improved yield and cooking quality, with highest improvements in yield coinciding with greatest improvements in quality. Harvesting too early or too late resulted in lower cooking quality.

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TARA FIELD PEAS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps78-172 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 58 (4) ◽

pp. 1123-1124

Author(s):

S. T. ALI-KHAN

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Pisum Sativum ◽

Field Pea ◽

High Yield ◽

Research Station ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Field Peas

A yellow-seeded field pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivar, Tara, developed at the Agriculture Canada Research Station, Morden, Manitoba was licensed in Canada in March 1978. The main features of Tara are high yield and resistance to powdery mildew.

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