scholarly journals Phenotypic and metabolic variation among spring Brassica napus genotypes during heat stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 284 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Koscielny ◽  
J. Hazebroek ◽  
R. W. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Flowering Control ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Heat Susceptibility Index

Heat stress can frequently limit the yield of Brassica napus L. grown in Canada because of the often unavoidable concurrence of high temperatures and flowering. Ten B. napus inbred genotypes, an open-pollinated B. napus commercial cultivar and a B. juncea genotype were grown in a greenhouse and subjected to two temperature regimes in a growth chamber for 14 days during flowering: control 22°C/10°C and high 31°C/14°C (day/night). Floral buds were sampled at the end of the 14-day treatments, and an untargeted metabolomic assessment was completed using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Flower duration, number of flowers, number of pods, biomass, number of seeds and seed weight were recorded. Yield was reduced by 55% in the heat treatment during winter and by 41% during the subsequent autumn experimental run. Of the 12 genotypes, five were classified as heat-tolerant and four as heat-susceptible based on the calculated heat susceptibility index across two experiments. In total, 25 metabolic markers were identified that discriminated between the heat-tolerant and -susceptible genotypes exposed to the heat treatment. The variation identified within this set of germplasm has provided evidence that variation exists within B. napus to enable genetic gain for heat tolerance.

scholarly journals Heat-tolerant hot pepper exhibits constant photosynthesis via increased transpiration rate, high proline content and fast recovery in heat stress condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Nigmatullayevich Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo Young Chae ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Heat Stress Condition ◽  
Heat Tolerant

AbstractUnderstanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant ‘NW Bigarim’ (NB) and susceptible ‘Chyung Yang’ (CY), were grown in 42 °C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in ‘CY’ but not in ‘NB’ seedlings in 42 °C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in ‘NB’ than ‘CY’. Proline content was also significantly higher in ‘NB’. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30–32/22–24 °C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. ‘NB’ was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while ‘CY’ was in fruit set, number and yield. ‘NB’ showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to ‘CY’. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.

Characterising canola pollen germination across a temperature gradient

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm J. Morrison ◽  
Allison Gutknecht ◽  
John Chan ◽  
S. Shea Miller
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Thermal Gradient ◽  
Pollen Germination ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Major Goal ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Heat Stress Tolerance ◽  
Stress Susceptibility

If predictions are correct, heat stress during reproduction will become a yield limiting factor in many world crops and breeding heat stress tolerance a major goal. The objective of our paper was to highlight a novel system to investigate the influence of temperature (T) on pollen germination using a thermal gradient PCR programmed to establish differential Ts across 12 wells of a PCR plate. Seven cultivars of Brassica napus L. were grown through flowering in a cool growth cabinet (20/15°C day/night) or a heat stress cabinet (HST, 27/22°C day/night). Pollen from each cultivar × cabinet combination was aspirated from 6 opened flowers, and suspended in germination media. Drops of the pollen suspension were floated on media in each well, and the PCR T was set to 30°C with a gradient of ± 10°C, creating a range from ~20 to 40°C from left to right. After an 8 h treatment, the pollen germination (pg, %) and pollen tube growth score (ptg, 1–5) were evaluated using a microscope. There were significant differences among cultivars for pg and ptg score and significant differences among well T for pg and ptg score. Pollen tubes grew best at T from 20 to 23°C. Well T exceeding 33°C reduced pg and ptg score, although 3 of the 8 cultivars had good pg even at 36°C. HST >29°C, in a growth cabinet, generally resulted in B. napus raceme sterility, although our experiment showed that pollen was still capable of germinating up to 33°C, indicating that pollen germination may not be the only reason for heat stress susceptibility.

scholarly journals Heat-tolerant Hot Pepper Exhibits Constant Photosynthesis Via Increased 4 Transpiration Rate, High Proline Content and Fast Recovery in Heat Stress 5 Condition

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherzod Rajametov ◽  
Eun Young Yang ◽  
Myeong Cheoul Cho ◽  
Soo Young Chae ◽  
Hyo Bong Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
Photosynthetic Rate ◽  
Heat Tolerance ◽  
Transpiration Rate ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Hot Pepper ◽  
Fast Recovery ◽  
Heat Damage ◽  
Heat Tolerant

Understanding the mechanism for heat tolerance is important for the hot pepper breeding program to develop heat-tolerant cultivars in changing climate. This study was conducted to investigate physiological and biochemical parameters related to heat tolerance and to determine leaf heat damage levels critical for selecting heat-tolerant genotypes. Seedlings of two commercial cultivars, heat-tolerant ‘NW Bigarim’ (NB) and susceptible ‘Chyung Yang’ (CY), were grown in 42 °C for ten days. Photosynthesis, electrolyte conductivity, proline content were measured among seedlings during heat treatment. Photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in ‘CY’ but not in ‘NB’ seedlings in 42 °C. Stomatal conductivity and transpiration rate was significantly higher in ‘NB’ than ‘CY’. Proline content was also significantly higher in ‘NB’. After heat treatment, leaf heat damages were determined as 0, 25, 50 and 75% and plants with different leaf heat damages were moved to a glasshouse (30–32/22–24 °C in day/night). The growth and developmental parameters were investigated until 70 days. ‘NB’ was significantly affected by leaf heat damages only in fruit yield while ‘CY’ was in fruit set, number and yield. ‘NB’ showed fast recovery after heat stress compared to ‘CY’. These results suggest that constant photosynthetic rate via increased transpiration rate as well as high proline content in heat stress condition confer faster recovery from heat damage of heat-tolerant cultivars in seedlings stages.

Heat stress during seed development affects forage brassica (Brassica napus L.) seed quality

2017 ◽  
Vol 204 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rashid ◽  
J. G. Hampton ◽  
M. P. Rolston ◽  
K. M. Khan ◽  
D. J. Saville
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Brassica Napus L

scholarly journals Heat stress during seed filling interferes with sulfur restriction on grain composition and seed germination in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.)

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Brunel-Muguet ◽  
Philippe D'Hooghe ◽  
Marie-Paule Bataillé ◽  
Colette Larré ◽  
Tae-Hwan Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Oilseed Rape ◽  
Grain Composition ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Seed Filling

scholarly journals Role of salicylic acid in heat stress tolerance in tri-genomic Brassica napus L.

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-20
Author(s):  
Muhammad Awais Ghani ◽  
Muhammad Mehran Abbas ◽  
Basharat Ali ◽  
Khurram Ziaf ◽  
Muhammad Azam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Heat Stress ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Biochemical Analysis ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Elevated Activity ◽  
Heat Stress Tolerance

Tri-genomic Brassica napus L.wasdeveloped by the cross between Brassica napusand Brassica nigra. The crop is animportant source of vegetable seed oil in Pakistan,after cotton. The low oilseed rape yield is attributed to high temperature in the production zones. Interspecific hybridization using these two speciescan be helpful to produce heat resistant hybrids. On the other hand, it has been found that foliar application of different plant growth regulators can be used to reduce the heat stress in Brassica. The objectiveof this studywas to test the response of three different tri-genomic hybrids to high temperature stressat seedling stage. Seedlings were foliar sprayed with 0.13 mM salicylic acid (SA) prior to exposure tohigh temperatureat two true leaf stage. The plants were harvested after 30 days of sowing for growth and biochemical analysis. Plants ofV38 showed the highest values for all morphological traits and biochemical activities among the threehybrids. In general, plants exposed to the temperature stress exhibited a significant decline in growth, chlorophyll content and enzyme activity.Foliar application of SA significantly improved leaf and root biomass under heat stress.Further, antioxidativeenzyme activities significantly increased in response to SA either compared to control or to plants exposed to temperature stress.It is concluded thatapplication of salicylic acid elevated activity of antioxidative enzymes and was helpful in mitigating the detrimental effects of high temperature inoil seed rape.

scholarly journals Morpho-Physiological Traits and Functional Markers Based Molecular Dissection of Heat-Tolerance in Urdbean

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debjyoti Sen Gupta ◽  
Partha S. Basu ◽  
J. Souframanien ◽  
Jitendra Kumar ◽  
P. Dhanasekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Stability Index ◽  
Leaf Nitrogen ◽  
Functional Markers ◽  
Ps Ii ◽  
Excessive Heat ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Heat Susceptibility Index ◽  
Tolerant Genotype

Urdbean (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is one of the important pulse crops. Its cultivation is not so popular during summer seasons because this crop is unable to withstand excessive heat stress beside lack of humidity in the atmosphere. Therefore, a panel of 97 urdbean diverse genotypes was assessed for yield under stress and non-stress conditions with an aim to identify heat tolerant genotypes. This study identified 8 highly heat tolerant and 35 highly heat sensitive genotypes based on heat susceptibility index. Further, physiological and biochemical traits-based characterization of a group of six highly heat sensitive and seven highly heat tolerant urdbean genotypes showed genotypic variability for leaf nitrogen balance index (NBI), chlorophyll (SPAD), epidermal flavnols, and anthocyanin contents under 42/25°C max/min temperature. Our results showed higher membrane stability index among heat tolerant genotypes compared to sensitive genotypes. Significant differences among genotypes for ETR at different levels of PAR irradiances and PAR × genotypes interactions indicated high photosynthetic ability of a few genotypes under heat stress. Further, the most highly sensitive genotype PKGU-1 showed a decrease in different fluorescence parameters indicating distortion of PS II. Consequently, reduction in the quantum yield of PS II was observed in a sensitive one as compared to a tolerant genotype. Fluorescence kinetics showed the delayed and fast quenching of Fm in highly heat sensitive (PKGU 1) and tolerant (UPU 85-86) genotypes, respectively. Moreover, tolerant genotype (UPU 85-86) had high antioxidant activities explaining their role for scavenging superoxide radicals (ROS) protecting delicate membranes from oxidative damage. Molecular characterization further pinpointed genetic differences between heat tolerant (UPU 85-86) and heat sensitive genotypes (PKGU 1). These findings will contribute to the breeding toward the development of heat tolerant cultivars in urdbean.

scholarly journals Effect of Late Seeding Warmer Condition on Phenology and Yield of Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-23
Author(s):  
S Sharmin ◽  
MA Hasan ◽  
S Sikder
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Cell Membrane ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Yield Performance ◽  
Heat Stress Condition ◽  
Heat Tolerant ◽  
Heat Susceptibility Index ◽  
Hot Environments

Four wheat variety/genotype (BARI Gom-26, BAW-1202, BAW-1182 and BARI Gom-27) were tested under three heat stress regimes (normal, moderate and severe) to evaluate the effect of late seeding warmer condition on phenology and yield of wheat, as well as to identify suitable cultivars to develop heat-tolerant genotypes at Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur during November, 2016 to April, 2017. Results revealed that genotype BAW-1182 and BAW-1202 showed greater thermostability of cell membrane with acceptable yield performance under heat stress condition. The order of tolerance based on heat susceptibility index (based on grain yield) was BAW-1182>BAW-1202>BARI Gom-27>BARI Gom-26 under heat stress conditions. Thus, BAW-1182 and BAW-1202 have the greatest potential to be used as high-yielding wheat genotypes under warm to hot environments and could be used in a breeding programme to develop heat-tolerant wheat. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2021, 24(1): 13-23

Foliar application of sulfur improved growth, yiled and physiological attributes of canola (brassica napus L.) under heat stress conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Ejaz Ahmad Waraich ◽  
Altaf Hussain ◽  
Zahoor Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Ahmad ◽  
Celaleddin Barutçular
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Physiological Attributes

Water stress, temperature regimes and light control induction, and loss of secondary dormancy in Brassica napus L. seeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elias Soltani ◽  
Sabine Gruber ◽  
Mostafa Oveisi ◽  
Nader Salehi ◽  
Iraj Alahdadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Stress ◽  
Brassica Napus ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Secondary Dormancy ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Depth Of Burial ◽  
Dormancy Induction ◽  
Medium Potential

AbstractThis study investigated the induction and loss of dormancy in oilseed rape (Brassica napus). Twenty genotypes were preliminary screened; from these, two genotypes, RGS003 and Hayola 308, which possess high potential for dormancy induction (HSD) and medium potential to induce secondary dormancy (MSD), were selected. The stratification of seeds at alternating temperatures of 5–30°C (in dark) significantly relieved secondary dormancy, but dormancy was not fully released. The ψb(50) values were −1.05 and −1.06 MPa for the MSD and the HSD before dormancy induction. After inducing dormancy, the ψb(50) values for the MSD and the HSD were increased to −0.59 and −0.01 on day 0 stratification at 20°C. The hydrothermal time (θHT) value was low for one-day stratification for HSD in comparison with other stratification treatments. Water stress can induce dormancy (if the seeds have the genetic potential for secondary dormancy) and warm stratification (in dark) can only reduce the intensity of dormancy. The seeds with a high potential of dormancy induction can overcome dormancy at alternating temperatures and in the presence of light. It can, therefore, be concluded that a portion of seeds can enter the cycle of dormancy ↔ non-dormancy. The secondary dormant seeds of B. napus cannot become non-dormant in darkness, but the level of dormancy may change from maximum (after water stress) to minimum (after warm stratification). It seems that the dormancy imposed by the conditions of deep burial (darkness in combination with water stress and more constant temperatures) might be more important to seed persistence than secondary dormancy induction and release. The dormancy cycle is an important pre-requisite in order to sense the depth of burial and the best time for seed germination.

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