Role of phosphorus fertiliser banding and the ratio of nitrate to ammonium on the uptake of phosphorus and wheat growth: a glasshouse study

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1095 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Valizadeh ◽  
Z. Rengel ◽  
A. W. Rate
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Type ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Nitrogen Fertiliser ◽  
Phosphorus Fertiliser

While it is known that nitrogen fertilisers improve phosphorus uptake depending on soil type and pH, the role in phosphorus uptake of the ratio of nitrate to ammonium in nitrogen fertiliser banded with phosphorus fertiliser is unclear. The present glasshouse study investigated the wheat growth response to different rates of application and banding depths (5 and 15 cm) of nitrogen and phosphorus, and mixing of phosphorus fertiliser with soil. The effect of 2 forms of nitrogen (ammonium and nitrate) banded with phosphorus fertiliser was also studied.Both banding depths increased phosphorus uptake and wheat growth more than mixing fertiliser throughout the soil. Banding at the 5 cm depth increased phosphorus uptake efficiency and wheat growth more than banding at the 15 cm depth. The highest shoot and root growth and phosphorus content were found when the nitrate : ammonium ratio was 50 : 50 and 75 : 25, with a slight decline at 100 : 0. The treatments with a large proportion of ammonium suppressed the growth of wheat and, consequently, reduced total phosphorus content. It was concluded that banding nitrate and ammonium at ratios 50 : 50, 75 : 25 and 100 : 0 with phosphorus fertiliser at 5 cm depth was optimal for increasing phosphorus uptake and wheat growth.

Establishment and growth of shoots following low and high cutting of lucerne in relation to the pattern of nutrient uptake

1973 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 497 ◽  
Author(s):  
KC Hodgkinson
Keyword(s):  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Lateral Roots ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Relative Growth ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Tap Root ◽  
Cutting Frequency ◽  
Net Uptake ◽  
High Level

Lucerne plants (Medicogo sativa cv. Hunter River) were either frequently or infrequently cut down and subsequent differences in shoot regrowth were compared in two experiments. The first experiment demonstrated that differences in final shoot weights arose from differences developed during the first 7 days of regrowth. High level cutting (15 cm) increased the shoot yield of frequently but not of infrequently cut plants. Net uptake of both nitrogen and phosphorus was related to the growth rate of shoots until commencement of flowering, when uptake ceased for c. 15 days even though both roots and shoots continued to gain weight. Towards the end of flowering uptake of nitrogen and phosphorus recommenced and accumulation of both nutrients occurred in the tap-root and lateral roots. The relative nitrogen and phosphorus content of leaves on crown shoots was highest on day 7 and the same for frequently and infrequently cut plants. Leaves on crown and stubble shoots 7 days after high level cutting had a significantly lower relative nitrogen and phosphorus content than leaves on plants cut low. Thereafter the relative nitrogen and phosphorus content of a11 leaves declined with the greatest decline occurring after the commencement of flowering. In the second experiment early morphogenesis of the shoot population was investigated. Establishment of shoots was completed between 3 and 5 days after cutting. Higher shoot weights on infrequently cut plants were accounted for by a larger number of small shoots at the time of cutting. Relative growth rates of shoots did not appear to be influenced by prior cutting frequency. The relative nitrogen content of buds and shoot apices was low at cutting but doubled within 2 or 3 days and then declined after day 7. These results are discussed in relation to the role of 'plant factors' in shoot regrowth of lucerne.

Wheat genotypes differ in growth and phosphorus uptake when supplied with different sources and rates of phosphorus banded or mixed in soil in pots

2002 ◽  
Vol 42 (8) ◽  
pp. 1103 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Valizadeh ◽  
Z. Rengel ◽  
A. W. Rate
Keyword(s):  
Root Exudation ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Iron Phosphate ◽  
Aluminium Phosphate ◽  
Wheat Growth ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Phosphorus Fertiliser ◽  
Phosphate Treatment ◽  
Fertiliser Application ◽  
Phosphorus Application

The growth response of wheat genotypes supplied with phosphorus fertiliser at different rates (banded or mixed throughout the soil) and sparingly soluble phosphorus sources (aluminium phosphate and iron phosphate) is not known. Eleven wheat genotypes and 1 rye genotype were tested at 3 rates of phosphorus fertiliser application (5, 10 and 20 mg P/kg soil) in a pot study. Another experiment compared 4 wheat genotypes at 2 rates of phosphorus application (deficient and sufficient) and 2 application methods (banding and mixing throughout the soil). The selected wheat genotypes were also used to investigate growth and root exudation response to iron phosphate and aluminium phosphate supply. Banding of phosphorus fertiliser increased the uptake of phosphorus and wheat growth compared with mixing phosphorus throughout the soil. Wheat genotypes did not differ significantly in growth and phosphorus uptake at the low rate of application. With increasing rates of phosphorus supply, the 2 phosphorus-fertiliser-responsive wheat genotypes (Wawht 2074 and Aroona) had significantly increased phosphorus uptake and root and shoot weights. When supplied with aluminium phosphate and iron phosphate, the 2 phosphorus-fertiliser-responsive genotypes had larger roots and higher concentration of phosphorus in the shoots and roots, while the phosphorus utilisation-efficient wheat genotypes (Westonia and Gutha) had higher shoot weights than phosphorus fertiliser-responsive ones. All wheat genotypes produced quantitatively and qualitatively similar root exudates in the iron phosphate, aluminium phosphate and zero-phosphorus treatments. The aluminium phosphate treatment caused genotypes to increase root exudation of oxalic anions, uptake of phosphorus and growth, compared with the iron phosphate treatment. It was concluded that the choice of genotypes for achieving increased wheat growth would depend on the phosphorus source in soil and the rate of application of phosphorus fertiliser.

scholarly journals Potassium in Root Growth and Development

Plants ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marek Sustr ◽  
Ales Soukup ◽  
Edita Tylova
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Membrane Trafficking ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Mobile Element ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
K Transport

Potassium is an essential macronutrient that has been partly overshadowed in root science by nitrogen and phosphorus. The current boom in potassium-related studies coincides with an emerging awareness of its importance in plant growth, metabolic functions, stress tolerance, and efficient agriculture. In this review, we summarized recent progress in understanding the role of K+ in root growth, development of root system architecture, cellular functions, and specific plant responses to K+ shortage. K+ transport is crucial for its physiological role. A wide range of K+ transport proteins has developed during evolution and acquired specific functions in plants. There is evidence linking K+ transport with cell expansion, membrane trafficking, auxin homeostasis, cell signaling, and phloem transport. This places K+ among important general regulatory factors of root growth. K+ is a rather mobile element in soil, so the absence of systemic and localized root growth response has been accepted. However, recent research confirms both systemic and localized growth response in Arabidopsis thaliana and highlights K+ uptake as a crucial mechanism for plant stress response. K+-related regulatory mechanisms, K+ transporters, K+ acquisition efficiency, and phenotyping for selection of K+ efficient plants/cultivars are highlighted in this review.

EFFECT OF COLCHICINE ON THE MYCELIAL WEIGHT AND THE NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS CONTENTS OF THE MYCELIUM OF CUNNINGHAMELLA SP.

1966 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. I. Naguib ◽  
A. M. Salama
Keyword(s):  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Nitrate Assimilation ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Excessive Accumulation

Colchicine had little effect on dry weight, nitrate, and phosphorus uptake, during a 48-hour period, by 5-day-old mycelium of Cunninghamella sp. except at 10 p.p.m. concentration of the chemical when the phosphorus content was higher. The drug also induced a higher percentage incorporation of phosphorus into organic compounds, while protein building was lowered particularly in the presence of 20 p.p.m. of colchicine. The latter phenomenon was accompanied by excessive accumulation of peptide nitrogen mostly in the external medium.Further, high concentrations of colchicine seemed to inhibit the rate of nitrate assimilation.

scholarly journals Effect of various levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on nutrient content and uptake of Palmarosa (Cymbopogan martinii var. Motia)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayalakshmi Mitnala
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Nitrogen Uptake ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Potassium Uptake ◽  
Potassium Content ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Four Levels

A field experiment was conducted to study the different levels of Nitrogen and Phosphorus on nutrient content and uptake of Palmarosa under rainfed conditions on vertisols at Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola during 2007-2008. The experiment was laid in factorial randomized block design with three replications. There were four levels of nitrogen viz., 0 k g (N0), 40 kg (N1), 60 kg (N2), 80 kg (N3) and three levels of phosphorus 0 kg (P0), 20 kg (P1), 40 kg (P2) ha-1. The results revealed that the nitrogen content (0.85%), phosphorus content(0.69%) and potassium content (0.56%) in the crop was highest when treated with 80 kg (N3) ha-1 and the nitrogen content (0.74%), phosphorus content (0.60%) and potassium content (0.48%) was also more with the application of 40 kg (P2) ha-1. Similarly the crop uptake was recorded highest with application of 80 kg N ha-1 where the nitrogen uptake was (30.50 kg ha-1), phosphorus uptake (14.36 kg ha-1 ) and potassium uptake (13.25 kg ha-1), while the nitrogen uptake (22.12 kg ha-1), phosphorus uptake (11.90 kg ha-1) and potassium uptake (10.12 kg ha-1) was also more when treated with 40 kg (P2) ha.-1

Initial and residual effects of superphosphate on a Townsville lucerne pasture in north-eastern Queensland

1968 ◽  
Vol 8 (34) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
RK Jones
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Critical Values ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

The responses to superphosphate of a Townsville lucerne (Stylosanthes humils)-grass pasture on a solodic soil near Townsville, were measured for three years. An initial dressing of 784 lb an acre gave the highest yield of dry matter for the three years, but 336 lb an acre was almost as effective. Applying 336 lb in equal annual dressings of 112 lb an acre gave less total dry matter but slightly more nitrogen and phosphorus per acre than 336 lb initially. On this soil type superphosphate had a good residual effect. Pastures with initial dressings of 336 1b or more outyielded the controls in all years, and did not respond to maintenance dressings applied in the second and third years. Superphosphate increased the yields of phosphorus per acre by increasing the phosphorus contents of both Townsville lucerne and grass as well as the dry matter yields. It had little effect, however, on the nitrogen contents. The relation between the phosphorus content of the pasture and the yield of dry matter was examined and tentative critical values were established.

Relationship Between Trifluralin and Phosphorus on Transplanted Tomatoes

Weed Science ◽  
1973 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. P. Wilson ◽  
F. B. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Phosphorus Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Inhibitory Effect

Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentumMill. ‘Campbell 17’) plant height and dry weight of tops decreased with increasing rates of α,α,α-trifluoro-2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-p-toluidine (trifluralin) and increased with increasing rates of phosphorus. Trifluralin and phosphorus interacted in their effects on root growth; phosphorus was less effective in promoting root growth as the rate of trifluralin increased. Phosphorus content of plant tops increased with each increment of soil-applied phosphorus at 0 and 0.84 kg/ha of trifluralin, but each increment of applied phosphorus did not significantly increase plant phosphorus content at higher rates of trifluralin. The inhibitory effect of trifluralin on phosphorus uptake diminished with time in 1969. Interactions between trifluralin and phosphorus did not occur in 1970.

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