Peanut yield and quality variation over harvest dates, and evaluation of some maturity indices in south-eastern Queensland

1987 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 445 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Shorter ◽  
BW Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Maturity Indices ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Moisture Percentage ◽  
Kernel Yield

Yield and quality variations across harvest dates in peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) grown under rainfed conditions in south-eastern Queensland in 1978-79 and 1980-81 were investigated. Free arginine percentage of kernels, kernel: hull weight ratio, shell-out percentage, mean individual kernel weight and kernel moisture percentage were monitored during crop development to assess their usefulness as indices of crop maturity. For the Virginia Bunch cultivar, kernel yield ranged from 1862 kg ha-1 at 133 days after sowing (DAS) to 2432 kg ha-l at 168 DAS in 1978-79 and from 687 kg ha-l at 201 DAS to 1618 kg ha-1 at 152 DAS in 1980-81. In both years kernel yield and crop value for Virginia Bunch exhibited bimodal responses to delayed harvesting, with maximum values being obtained at about 150 and 170 DAS. These responses tended to be associated with rainfall distribution and available soil moisture during flowering. None of the maturity indices investigated was sensitive enough to detect the 2 peaks for yield or crop value and therefore would be of no use in determining optimum harvest periods for Virginia Bunch. Red Spanish and White Spanish cultivars, evaluated in 1978-79, produced average kernel yields of 1777 kg ha-l and 1535 kg ha-1 respectively. For these cultivars, differences in yield and crop value over harvest dates were not significant. Although kernel yields did not increase after 133 DAS, the decline in free arginine percentage and the increase in the kerne1:hull weight ratio during the season suggested that these indices may be useful indicators of optimum maturity for spanish-type cultivars.

scholarly journals The Seed-Hull Weight Ratio as an Index of Peanut Maturity1,2

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold E. Pattee ◽  
Johnny C. Wynne ◽  
James H. Young ◽  
Fred R. Cox
Keyword(s):  
Seed Weight ◽  
Quantitative Method ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Maturity Index ◽  
Peanut Seed ◽  
Seed Maturity ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Seed Hull ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A simple, quantitative method was developed to determine peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) maturity. The method is based on the changing seed-hull weight ratio during maturation of the fruit. The ratio or maturity index was determined for fresh as well as air-dried pods, and these ratios correlated well with a physiological maturity index. The relationship between arginine maturity index and the air-dried seed-hull maturity index (DMI) was also determined, and the two indexes were negatively correlated. The DMI values across nine planting and eight harvest dates over a 2-year period showed that DMI could be applied to estimate average peanut seed maturity under field harvest conditions. The two peanut varieties tested, Florigiant and Florunner, were found to differ in maxmum DMI values. The study also showed that peanut seed weight increased with maturity then decreased after full maturity.

scholarly journals Molecular characterization of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm lines and varietal set for yield and yield attributing traits

2019 ◽  
Vol 79 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anushree Pramanik ◽  
Sushma Tiwari ◽  
R. S. Tomar ◽  
M. K. Tomar ◽  
A. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Allelic Variation ◽  
Polymorphic Information Content ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Genetic Assessment ◽  
Hundred Kernel Weight ◽  
Kernel Yield

The genetic assessment of 90 germplasm lines and six varieties of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) were done with 13 morphological traits and 125 Simple Sequence Repeats markers. Out of 125 molecular markers, 26 were polymorphic and produced 105 alleles. The genetic diversity was found to be 52-83 per cent and Polymorphic Information Content (PIC) was 0.46-0.81 with a mean of 0.42 indicating higher magnitude of genetic diversity in the test genotypes. Analysis of molecular variance showed variation among and within individuals based on allelic variation. Principal Co-ordinate Analysis based on origin of the genotypes formed three major population groups and the genetic analysis determined by population structure divided all the germplasm lines in to 10 populations. Significant and positive correlation was observed between hundred kernel weight and hundred pod weight (r=0.769) and kernel yield (r=0.899); sound mature kernel and pod weight with kernel yield, weight of kernels and harvest index. Genotypes from distinct clusters may be selected in hybridization programme for groundnut improvement. The information on clustering of genotypes will be helpful in identification of novel and superior germplasm for hybridization and development of improved varieties.

scholarly journals Combining ability and heterosis on yield and its component traits in maize (Zea mays L.)

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 565-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
MZA Talukder ◽  
ANM S Karim ◽  
S Ahmed ◽  
M Amiruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Combining Ability ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Component Traits ◽  
Additive Gene ◽  
Positive Heterosis ◽  
Half Diallel ◽  
Kernel Yield

Combining ability and heterosis were studied in a 7×7 half diallel cross in maize for grain yield and yield contributing characters. Significant general and specific combining ability variances were observed for all the characters studied. The significant estimates of GCA and SCA variances suggested the importance of both additive and non-additive gene actions for the expression studied traits. In these studies, variances due to SCA were higher than GCA for all charactesr, which revealed the predominance of non additive gene action (dominance and epistasis) for controlling these traits. Parents P1 and P4 were excellent general combiner for days to tasseling and silking while P1 and P5 for early maturity. P4 for short height and, P4 and P7 for higher thousand kernel weight. The parents P4 and P6 having good combining abilities for yield. Heterosis estimation was carried out using two commercial varieties NK40 and 900MG. When standard commercial check NK40 was used, the percent heterosis for kernel yield varied from -51.39 to 12.53%. Among the 21 F1s, 3crosses exhibited significant positive heterosis for kernel yield. The highest heterosis was exhibited by the cross P4×P6 (12.43%), P6×P7 (10.89%) and P2×P3 (9.87%) respectively. Compared with 900MG as check, the percent heterosis for kernel yield varied from -53.73 to 7.01%. Among the 21 F1s, none of the crosses exhibited significant positive heterosis for kernel yield. The highest heterosis were exhibited by the crosses P4×P6 (7.01%), P6 x P7 (5.55%) and P2×P3 (4.57%). The crosses showed significant positive SCA values could be used for variety development after verifying them across the agro-ecological zones of Bangladesh.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(3): 565-577, September 2016

Size–Maturity Relationships and Related Observations in Newfoundland Populations of the Lobster (Homarus americanus)

1980 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 945-956 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Ennis
Keyword(s):  
Carapace Length ◽  
Size Range ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Homarus Americanus ◽  
Spawning Season ◽  
Length Ratio ◽  
Maturity Indices

Female maturity ogives for five Newfoundland populations of the lobster (Homarus americanus) gave 50% maturities ranging from 71- to 76-mm carapace length. Sizes at which distinct inflections (indicating onset of maturity) and asymptotes (indicating 100% mature) are present in the abdomen width/carapace length ratio vs. carapace length relationships coincide with the smallest ovigerous and largest immature specimens, respectively, observed in those particular samples. Inflection in the crusher claw weight/whole weight ratio vs. carapace length relationships (used in this paper to indicate onset of maturity in males) occurred at larger sizes than inflections in the abdomen width/carapace length ratios of females.The percentage of nonovigerous females that spawn in a given year generally increases with increasing size. The highest percentage of nonovigerous females tagged with sphyrion tags prior to the spawning season that were ovigerous when recaptured 10–12 mo later was 83.8%. The percentage of ovigerous females with new shells (i.e. molted and spawned in same year) varied between areas and years and ranged from 0 to 38.5% of the total number of ovigerous females in fall samples. The percentage of ovigerous females in samples also varied between areas and years and ranged from 2.6 to 30.4% of the total number of females greater than the size at 50% maturity. In general a greater percentage of females was ovigerous at sizes between the size at 50% maturity and 80 mm (largest subcommercial size) than at commercial sizes.In a sample of nonovigerous females, the size range at which 50% were fertilized (76–80 mm) coincided closely with the size at 50% maturity (75 mm) for the area.At subcommercial sizes (< 81 mm) the sexes were approximately equally represented in fall trap-caught samples but females heavily outnumbered males in diver-caught samples taken over the same period. At commercial sizes, however, males heavily outnumbered females in the trap-caught samples while in diver-caught samples the sexes were equally represented.Key words: lobster (Homarus americanus), maturity ogives, maturity indices, percent ovigerous, sex ratios

Sugar Beet Yield and Quality Prediction at Multiple Harvest Dates Using Active-Optical Sensors

2016 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 273-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Honggang Bu ◽  
Lakesh K. Sharma ◽  
Anne Denton ◽  
David W. Franzen
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Optical Sensors ◽  
Quality Prediction ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Harvest Dates

scholarly journals Development, yield and quality attributes of sugarcane cultivars fertigated by subsurface drip irrigation

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 525-532 ◽  
Author(s):  
André L. B. de O. Silva ◽  
Regina C. M. Pires ◽  
Rafael V. Ribeiro ◽  
Eduardo C. Machado ◽  
Gabriel C. Blain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Crop Development ◽  
Crop Cycle ◽  
Subsurface Drip ◽  
Solids Content

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the development, yield and quality of four sugarcane cultivars fertigated by subsurface drip system. The experiment was carried out in Campinas-SP, Brazil, from January 2012 to November 2013, with the cultivars SP79-1011, IACSP94-2101, IACSP94-2094 and IACSP95-5000 subjected to daily irrigations. The irrigations depths were applied to bring soil moisture to field capacity. Soil moisture was monitored using soil moisture probes. Samples were collected along the crop cycle in order to evaluate crop development and yield, at the end of the first and second ratoons. Stalk height showed good correlation for the estimation of crop yield, with R2 equal to or higher than 0.96. The cultivar IACSP95-5000 showed the highest yield in the first ratoon. In the second ratoon the highest yield was observed in IACSP94-2101, followed by IACSP95-5000 and SP79-1011. Considering the yield results associated with the technological analysis, such as soluble solids content and apparent sucrose, the cultivar IACSP95-5000 excelled the others in the cultivation under subsurface drip irrigation.

scholarly journals The effect of different harvest dates on the yield and quality properties of rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) plant

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Nimet Katar ◽  
Duran Katar ◽  
Recep Temel ◽  
Serkan Karakurt ◽  
İzzet Bolatkıran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinus Officinalis ◽  
Quality Properties ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Harvest Dates ◽  
Rosmarinus Officinalis L

scholarly journals Effect of Seasons and Plant Spacings on Yield and Quality Parameters of Various Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Genotypes

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 2676-2685
Author(s):  
Dhanashri Gawas ◽  
A. V. Mane ◽  
Tejas Kanase ◽  
M. M. Burondkar ◽  
M. C. Kasture
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

scholarly journals Genetic correlation and path coefficient analysis in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-105
Author(s):  
MK Alam
Keyword(s):  
Harvest Index ◽  
Canopy Temperature ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Phenotypic Correlation ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Correlation and path co-efficient analysis were carried out for pod yield and its yield components characters in 45 genotypes of groundnut. The genotypic correlation co-efficient were found to be of relatively higher magnitude than the corresponding phenotypic correlation co-efficient, indicating strong inherent association between the characters. Pod yield showed significant positive association with secondary branches/plant, harvest index, 100-pod weight, 100-kernel weight, pod size, diseases incidence and canopy temperature. Path co-efficient analysis revealed high direct effects of primary branches/plant, secondary branches/plant and harvest index. Hence, it would be rewarding to give due importance on the selection of these characters for rapid improvement in pod yield of groundnut. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sja.v12i1.21116 SAARC J. Agri., 12(1): 96-105 (2014)

scholarly journals Response of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) to Lime and Different Levels of Sulphur

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 585-589
Author(s):  
Imnatemjen Aier ◽  
◽  
D. Nongmaithem ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Stover Yield ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Kernel Yield ◽  
Plot Design

A field experiment was conducted in the Experimental Research Farm of School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development (SASRD), Nagaland University during the kharif season 2018. Groundnut variety ICGS-76 was sown @ 70 kg ha-1 for 60×20 cm2 spacing. The experiment was laid in split plot design with three replications. The main plot treatments consisted of two lime levels: lime @ 0 t ha-1 and lime @ 3 t ha-1 while the sub- plot treatments consisted of five sulphur levels: sulphur @ (0 kg ha-1, 10 kg ha-1, 20 kg ha-1, 30 kg ha-1 and 40 kg ha-1 along with recommended dose of fertilizer at 20:60:40 kg N, P2O5 and K2O ha-1 respectively in the form of diammonium phosphate and murate of potash. The results showed that application of lime @ 3 t ha-1 gave higher growth and yield attributes compared to no lime and also application of sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1 gave higher growth and yield attributes compared to lower doses of sulphur though there was only slight increase in the attributes between each successive doses of sulphur. Overall application of lime and sulphur increased all the yield attributes of groundnut, where the highest number of pods plant-1, seeds pod-1, 100 kernels weight, pod yield, kernel yield and stover yield were recorded when treatment was done with lime @ 3 t ha1 and sulphur @ 40 kg ha-1.

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