Management of highly fecund ewe types and their lambs for 8-monthly lambing. 1. Effect of lamb weaning age on ewe reproductive activity in spring

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 421 ◽  
Author(s):  
NM Fogarty ◽  
DG Hall ◽  
ST Dawe ◽  
W Atkinson ◽  
C Allan
Keyword(s):  
Post Partum ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
First Year ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Second Year

The spring reproductive activity of ewes following a late winter lambing, and varying duration of suckling or lamb weaning age of 6-13 weeks, was investigated in 321 Booroola Merino x Dorset (BD) and 543 Trangie Fertility Merino x Dorset (TD) ewe records over 2 years and 238 Border Leicester x Merino (BLM) ewes in the second year. The ewes were joined about 12 weeks post-partum in November for 6 weeks, following lambing in July-August to conform to an %-monthly lambing regime. In the first year, ewes were run with vasectomised rams and oestrus, ovulation rate, and interval to first observed oestrus were determined under a simulated joining regime. In the second year entire rams were joined in spring following July-August lambing and oestrus, pregnancy, fetal number, lambs born per ewe joined and lambing interval were analysed. Amongst ewes rearing lambs, longer suckling significantly increased the interval to first oestrus and the lambing interval (P<0.01), but had no effect on the percentage of ewes expressing oestrus, percentage of pregnant ewes or lambs born. Significantly fewer ewes that lambed but failed to rear any lambs (LL), than ewes rearing lambs expressed oestrus, ovulated and became pregnant. This resulted in considerably lower lambing rates for LL ewes (95.8 v 137.2% lambs born, P<0.01). Reproductive activity was not greatly affected by ewe liveweight or liveweight gain during joining. BD and TD ewes had hgher pregnancy and lambing rates and a shorter lambing interval than BLM ewes. Ovulation rate and fetal number increased with the number of lambs being reared (0.20 � 0.08 and 0.11 � 0.04 per lamb, P<0.05). The results show that high pregnancy and lambing rates can be achieved from natural joining in the spring following late winter lambings within an 8-monthly lambing regime, when lambs are weaned prior to joining.

Performance of crossbred progeny of Trangie Fertility Merino and Booroola Merino rams and Poll Dorset ewes. 2. Reproductive activity, liveweight and wool production of ewe lambs

1995 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 1075 ◽  
Author(s):  
NM Fogarty ◽  
DG Hall ◽  
AR Gilmour
Keyword(s):  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
High Standard ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Ovulation Rate ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
The Difference

Liveweight, wool production, oestrous expression and ovulation rates of 260 Trangie Fertility Merino x Dorset (TD) and 278 Booroola Merino x Dorset (BD) ewes born in late winter-spring over 4 different years were analysed from post-weaning to first joining at about 19 months of age. The percentage of ewes expressing oestrus reached a peak of 68% in May-June, declined to 7% in September and rose to 93% in January prior to first joining. The proportion of ewes ovulating followed a similar pattern. The proportion of ewes expressing oestrus in March, May and June increased (P<0.001) substantially with increasing age and liveweight, which accounted to some extent for the large differences in oestrous activity between years. There was little difference between the strains in proportion of ewes expressing oestrus or ovulating throughout the year. TD ewes were heavier (P<0.001) than BD ewes, the difference increasing from 2 to 4 kg at 7 and 19 months. They also produced 0.3 kg more clean wool which had 1.2 pm higher fibre diameter (P<0.001). Ovulation rate, measured in each of 2 years at 2-monthly intervals, increased from 7 to 19 months of age. BD ewes had a higher ovulation rate than TD ewes on all occasions, and the difference averaged +0.4 ovulations. The mean ovulation rate in February (19 months) for ewes born over 3 years was 2.1 ova for BD and 1.4 ova for TD ewes (P<0.001). Based on subsequent ovulation rate and litter size records, 42% of the BD ewes were identified as carriers of the FecB gene. Ages at first oestrus and ovulation varied considerably between years (P<0.001). There was no difference between the strains in age at first oestrus, although BD ewes first ovulated at a younger age (P<0.05) than TD ewes. The stud of origin of the dam, dam age, dam parity and birth type were not significant for any reproduction trait. There was significant (P<0.001) variation in liveweight due to the origin of the dam. Half-sib estimates of heritability for ewe liveweight, ovulation rate at various seasons and wool production traits were generally high with relatively high standard errors as they were based on 23-40 degrees of freedom for sire.

scholarly journals Observation of Hermann’s Tortoise (Testudo hermanni) C Lutching without the Presence of Males and Eggshell Mortality on a Large Tortoise Farm in Slovenia Over a Three-Year Period

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stvarnik Mateja ◽  
Lindtner-Knific Renata ◽  
Štokar Žan ◽  
Gregurić Gračner Gordana ◽  
Mićunović Jasna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryonic Development ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
The Third ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Testudo Hermanni ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Second Clutch

AbstractThe aim of this study was to determine the percentage of hatched and fertilized eggs in female Hermann’s tortoises before and after the removal of males after breeding.A breeding group of Testudo hermanni boettgeri with 50 females and 12 males was included in the study. In the first year, all adults were together in the same habitat until reproductive activity was observed. After the end of May, the males and females were separated for the next two active seasons. The number of eggs and number of second clutches decreased gradually. In the first year, 76.0% of females laid eggs; in the second year, 24.0%; and in the third year, only 8.0%. Second clutches were observed in ten females (26.3%) in the first year, while in the next two years, one female had a second clutch. There was a small but significant correlation between the weight of a single tortoise and the number of eggs laid but no significant correlation between the weight of the tortoise and its average egg weight. The weight (15.1-16.8 g), length (33.9-36.1 mm) and width of each egg (27.5-28.0 mm) was measured.During the laying season, the eggs were put into incubators. The incubation length varied from 52 to 70 days. After the end of incubation, eggshell mortality and its causes (19.3-52.5%) were examined. In the first year, the viability rate of the incubated eggs was 80.7%; in the second year, 80.5%; and in the third year, 47.8%. Among the unhatched eggs in the first year, 62.5% were unfertilized, 53.1% were infected, 28.1% were dehydrated and 21.9% were found in various stages of embryonic development.

Management of highly fecund ewe types and their lambs for 8-monthly lambing. 2. Effect of weaning age and sex on lamb growth and carcass traits

1992 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
NM Fogarty ◽  
DG Hall ◽  
WR Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rates ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Carcass Weight ◽  
Age And Growth ◽  
Regression Coefficients ◽  
First Year ◽  
Growth And Survival ◽  
Weaning Age ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Lamb Growth

The effect of weaning at ages ranging from 6 to 13 weeks on growth of lambs from Booroola Merino x Poll Dorset (BD), Trangie Fertility Merino x Poll Dorset (TD), and Border Leicester x Merino (BLM) ewes was examined over 2 years as a component of management in an 8-monthly lambing system. Skin weight and carcass traits were also analysed. In the first year, there was a significant (P<0.01) difference between growth rates to 3 months of age of lambs weaned at 12, 9, and 6 weeks (222.5 � 4.4, 204.8 � 4.4, and 180.0 � 4.6 g/day, respectively). In the second year, lambs were weaned at weekly intervals from 6 to 13 weeks of age, and growth rates were higher because of better seasonal conditions. Using regression coefficients, lambs weaned at 12 and 9 weeks were estimated to have higher (P<0.01) growth rates by 17 and 8%, respectively, than lambs weaned at 6 weeks. There was no difference between lambs weaned at 6 and 9 weeks for liveweight at 5 months, but those weaned at 12 weeks were 5% heavier (P<0.01). Postweaning mortality was higher amongst early-weaned lambs. Progeny from TD and BLM ewes had 7% higher growth rates and liveweights than those from BD ewes (P<0.01). Male lambs (rams and wethers) grew faster (P<0.01) than ewes, and in the second year there was a 5% liveweight advantage of rams over wethers (P<0.01). Weaning age had no effect on any carcass trait. Carcass weight accounted for most variation in carcass traits, and its inclusion in the model removed the effect of type of rearing. There was a significant (P<0.01) crossbred type x carcass weight interaction for fat depth at the C site, due to progeny of BLM ewes being fatter than the other crossbred types at heavier carcass weights. The regression coefficients for fat depth at the C site on carcass weight were 0.39 � 0.05, 0.31 � 0.04, and 0.60 � 0.05 mm/kg for BD, TD, and BLM progeny. Carcasses of rams were leaner than those of wethers, which were leaner than those of ewes (P<0.01). There was no advantage from early weaning in management for an monthly lamb production system because lamb growth and survival were depressed.

scholarly journals STUDIES IN THE BLOOD CYTOLOGY OF THE RABBIT

1930 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise Pearce ◽  
Albert E. Casey
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
General Trend ◽  
Late Winter ◽  
First Year ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Second Year

Consecutive weekly observations on the neutrophile, the basophile, and the eosinophile counts of the peripheral blood were made on 5 groups of normal rabbits, a total of 45 animals, during a period of 20 months from October, 1927 to July, 1929. Individual groups were examined 8 to 35 weeks. In the case of the 4 groups followed 13 to 35 weeks, the general trend of the neutrophile cells was towards increased mean values; with the group followed 8 weeks, decreasing values were found. An increase in the mean values of the basophile cells was observed in the two groups of rabbits followed in 1927–28; in the groups of 1928–29, the mean values decreased. The mean values of the eosinophile cells showed no definite trends but the findings were characterized by abrupt and marked fluctuations. The periods of greatest irregularity in mean neutrophile and eosinophile values occurred in the fall and the late winter and spring months of both years, but in the case of the basophiles, the irregularities were distributed throughout the first year and occurred chiefly in the winter months of the second year. The major trends and many of the minor fluctuations as well which were observed in the mean cell values of one group of rabbits were also generally seen in another group examined during the same months. The general levels of the neutrophile, the basophile, and the eosinophile mean values in the groups examined during 1927–28 were higher than in the groups of 1928–29.

Can advance of first lambing induced by melatonin implants influence the next lambing time in Sarda breed sheep?

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Carcangiu ◽  
Maria Consuelo Mura ◽  
Pier Paolo Bini ◽  
Giuseppe Massimo Vacca ◽  
Cinzia Daga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breeding Season ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
First Year ◽  
Melatonin Treatment ◽  
Ewe Lambs ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Single Implant ◽  
Breed Sheep ◽  
Short Days

Carcangiu, V., Mura, M. C., Bini, P. P., Vacca, G. M., Daga, C. and Luridiana, S. 2012. Can advance of first lambing induced by melatonin implants influence the next lambing time in Sarda breed sheep? Can. J. Anim. Sci. 92: 67–71. In adult sheep, exogenously administered melatonin from continuous slow-release implants has been shown to advance the onset of the breeding season by mimicking the stimulatory effect of short days. The aim of this study was to verify if treatment with one or two melatonin implants was effective in advancing the first conception in Sarda ewe lambs, and if this advance would also be seen in the second lambing too. In the first year, 600 ewe lambs were randomly assigned to groups M, M+M and C, each with 200 animals. On Jun. 30, group M received a single implant while group M+M received two implants. Group C was untreated. On Aug. 04, 25 rams were introduced in the groups and removed after 70 d. From these 600 animals the 420 head that lambed prior to Mar. 12 were chosen for the second year. These ewes were subdivided into two groups T1 (ewes who lambed between 2007 Jan. 01 and Feb. 10) and T2 (ewes which lambed between 2007 Feb. 11 and Mar. 12). Both in T1 and T2 the distribution of the animals in M, M+M and C group was maintained. In the first year, the treated animals lambed earlier (P<0.05) and showed higher numbers of lambed ewes at Feb. 10 (P<0.01) and at March 12 (P<0.05) compared with untreated control animals. The animals that showed an advance in the period of their first conception, also showed, in the second breeding year, an advance in the lambing time (P<0.001). This study provides evidence that the advance of first conception, obtained with melatonin treatment also influenced the reproductive activity in the following breeding season.

An inevitable crisis? From first to second year in counsellor training

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-89
Author(s):  
Hugh Crago
Keyword(s):  
Right Hemisphere ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
First Year ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Counsellor Training ◽  
Student Dropout ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Neurological Research ◽  
First Year Of Life ◽  
And Control

In a seminal 1973 paper, Robert Clark described the very different “cultures” of the first and second year students in a four year clinical psychology PhD programme. The author applies Clark’s template to his own experiences as trainee or trainer in five different counsellor education programmes, one in the US and four in Australia. Each of the programmes, to varying degrees, demonstrates key features of the pattern identified by Clark, where the first year is “therapeutic” and other-oriented, the second is “professional” and self-focused. The author concludes that all the surveyed programmes exhibited some level of “second year crisis”, in which a significant number of students felt abandoned, dissatisfied, or rebellious. The author extends and refines Clark’s developmental analogy (first year = childhood; second year = adolescence) to reflect recent neurological research, in particular, the shift from a right hemisphere-dominant first year of life, prioritising affiliative needs, to a left hemisphere-dominant second year, prioritising autonomy and control. This shift is paralleled later by a more gradual move from a protective, supportive childhood to necessary, but sometimes conflictual, individuation in adolescence. The first two years of a counsellor training programme broadly echo this process, a process exacerbated by the second year internship/placement, in which students must “leave home” and adjust to unfamiliar, potentially less nurturing, authority figures. Finally, the author suggests introducing more rigorous “academic holding” into the first year, and greater attention to “therapeutic holding” of dissident students in the second, hopefully decreasing student dropout, and achieving a better balanced training experience.

Implementation of the Second-year course in an Engineering Professional Spine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umar Iqbal ◽  
Deena Salem ◽  
David Strong
Keyword(s):  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Research University ◽  
Engineering Students ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
First Year ◽  
Computer Engineering ◽  
Core Courses ◽  
Second Year ◽  
First Time ◽  
Academic Year

The objective of this paper is to document the experience of developing and implementing a second-year course in an engineering professional spine that was developed in a first-tier research university and relies on project-based core courses. The main objective of this spine is to develop the students’ cognitive and employability skills that will allow them to stand out from the crowd of other engineering graduates.The spine was developed and delivered for the first time in the academic year 2010-2011 for first-year general engineering students. In the year 2011-2012, those students joined different programs, and accordingly the second-year course was tailored to align with the different programs’ learning outcomes. This paper discusses the development and implementation of the course in the Electrical and Computer Engineering (ECE) department.

Exploring the Implementation of Early Math Assessments in Kindergarten Classrooms: A Research-Practice Collaboration

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer McDonald ◽  
Rebecca Merkley ◽  
Jacqueline Mickle ◽  
Lisa Collimore ◽  
Daniel Ansari
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Thinking ◽  
Math Education ◽  
Kindergarten Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Early Numeracy ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Collaborative Project ◽  
Practice Gap ◽  
Second Year

Research in cognitive development has highlighted that early numeracy skills are associated with later math achievement, suggesting that these skills should be targeted in early math education. Here we tested whether tools used by researchers to assess mathematical thinking could be useful in the classroom. This paper describes a collaborative project between cognitive scientists and school board researchers/educators implementing numeracy screeners with kindergarten students over the course of three school years. The Give-A-Number task (Wynn, 1990) was used with first-year kindergarten students and the Numeracy Screener [BLINDED] with second-year kindergarten students. Results indicated that educators (N = 59) found the tools feasible to implement and helpful for exploring their students’ thinking and targeting instruction. The Educators’ feedback also helped inform improvements to the implementation of the tools and future directions for both the schools and the researchers. This work emphasizes the importance of transdisciplinary collaboration to address the research-practice gap.

Influence of abiotic factors and hosts on seasonal dynamic of green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
ARVIND KUMAR ◽  
POOJA KHULBE
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Host Population ◽  
Maximum Temperature ◽  
First Year ◽  
Green Lacewing ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
Correlation Studies ◽  
Helianthus Annus ◽  
Sunflower Crop ◽  
Second Year

Influence of abiotic factors and hosts on population dynamics of green lacewing, Chrysoper lacarnea (Stephens) was studied in sunflower, Helianthus annus (Linn.).The maximum number of C. carnea population was found during mid March –mid April in the first year and mid April – mid May in the second year in sunflower crop. The maximum number of host population viz. egg and larva of Helicoverpa armigera and Myzuspe rsicae population were found during mid March –mid April in both the year and correlation studies revealed the positive and significant correlation between larval population of H. armigera, M. persicae and predator C. carnea. While there was no significant relationship found between eggs of H. armigera and C. carnea. The C. carnea population on H. annus during both the year was positively correlated with maximum temperature and found significant,while negatively correlated with relative humidity.However, no significant correlation of C. carnea was found with minimum temperature in both the year.

Effects of Cutting First Year Red Clover on Stand and Yield in the Second Year 1

1955 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 224-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Torrie ◽  
Earle W. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
Red Clover ◽  
First Year ◽  
Second Year
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