Interaction effects of temperature and light on shoot architecture, growth dynamics and gas exchange of young Vitis vinifera cv. Shiraz vines in controlled environment conditions

Assessing the impacts of environmental stresses on plant growth and productivity requires an understanding of the growth processes and the carbon economy that underpins this growth. Potted grapevines of the Vitis vinifera L. cv. Semillon were grown in a controlled environment and canopy growth; leaf, bunch and stem extension and net photosynthesis were routinely measured from budbreak to harvest. Allometric relationships enabled dry matter to be determined and, with net photosynthesis, used to determine the shoot carbon economy. Stems, leaves and bunches all followed a sigmoid growth pattern with leaves and stems allocated similar amounts of biomass and carbon while bunches had twice as much. Rates of carbon sequestered as biomass exceeded rates of carbon acquisition through net photosynthesis for over 25 days after budbreak. Despite the high demand for biomass in bunch growth, rates of carbon sequestration actually declined and overall, the vines maintained a positive carbon balance throughout the period of bunch growth. The Semillon shoots relied on carbon reserves to commence growth then produced a 53% carbon surplus after leaf (9%), stem (10%) and bunch (28%) growth demands were satisfied. This suggests these vines also allocated carbon to reserves to sustain the next season’s growth.

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EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE ON RATE AND DURATION OF KERNEL DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF MAIZE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps88-113 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 68 (4) ◽

pp. 935-940 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

M. TOLLENAAR ◽

T. W. BRUULSEMA

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Zea Mays ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Zea Mays L ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Controlled Environment ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Linear Kernel ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Kernel Growth

The response of rate and duration of kernel dry matter accumulation to temperatures in the range 10–25 °C was studied for two maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids grown under controlled-environment conditions. Kernel growth rates during the period of linear kernel growth increased linearly with temperature (b = 0.3 mg kernel−1 d−1 °C−1). Kernel dry weight at physiological maturity varied little among temperature treatments because the increase in kernel growth rate with increase in temperature was associated with a decline in the duration of kernel growth proportional to the increase in kernel growth rate.Key words: Zea mays L, period of linear kernel dry matter accumulation, controlled-environment conditions, kernel growth rate

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RESPONSE OF PEAS TO ENVIRONMENT: II. EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE IN CONTROLLED-ENVIRONMENT CABINETS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps66-029 ◽

1966 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 195-203 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

B. Stanfield ◽

D. P. Ormrod ◽

H. F. Fletcher

Keyword(s):

Plant Development ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Accumulation Rate ◽

Stem Elongation ◽

Controlled Environment ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Effects Of Temperature

Effects of day/night temperature regimes from 7/4 to 32/24 °C on growth and development of Pisum sativum L. var. Dark Skin Perfection were studied in controlled-environment cabinets. Light intensity was about 1500 foot-candles and the photoperiod was 16 hours. Rate of plant development, in terms of nodes produced per day, increased steadily as the average temperature increased. Rate of stem elongation, however, was most rapid at 21/13 °C; and plant height was greatest at 16/10 °C. On a dry matter accumulation rate basis, vine growth decreased above and below a temperature optimum which shifted from 21/16 to 16/10 °C in the course of plant development. The combination of high day and high night temperatures caused an increase in the number of nodes to the first flower. Tillering was most prolific at the lower temperatures and was absent at 32 °C day temperatures. Pea yield decreased as temperature increased above 16/10 °C, due mainly to a reduction in the number of pods per plant.

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EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND POTASSIUM CHLORATE ON LEAF GAS EXCHANGE AND FLOWERING IN LONGAN

Acta Horticulturae ◽

10.17660/actahortic.2010.863.42 ◽

2010 ◽

pp. 323-328 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

C. Sritontip ◽

P. Tiyayon ◽

M. Hegele ◽

P. Sruamsiri ◽

D. Naphrom ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Leaf Gas Exchange ◽

Potassium Chlorate ◽

Effects Of Temperature

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The effects of temperature on the gas exchange cycle in Agathemera crassa

Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A Molecular & Integrative Physiology ◽

10.1016/j.cbpa.2015.01.006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 183 ◽

pp. 126-130 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mariana Thienel ◽

Mauricio Canals ◽

Francisco Bozinovic ◽

Claudio Veloso

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Effects Of Temperature

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Interactions between light and growing season temperatures on, growth and development and gas exchange of Semillon (Vitis vinifera L.) vines grown in an irrigated vineyard

Plant Physiology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.plaphy.2012.02.010 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 59-69 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Dennis H. Greer ◽

Mark M. Weedon

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Vitis Vinifera ◽

Growth And Development ◽

Growing Season ◽

Vitis Vinifera L

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Development of MILIONCAST, an Improved Model for Predicting Downy Mildew Sporulation on Onions

Plant Disease ◽

10.1094/pdis.2004.88.7.695 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 88 (7) ◽

pp. 695-702 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Tijs Gilles ◽

Kath Phelps ◽

John P. Clarkson ◽

Roy Kennedy

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Environmental Conditions ◽

Temporal Pattern ◽

Random Model ◽

Controlled Environment ◽

High Humidity ◽

Potted Plants ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Improved Model ◽

Accuracy Of Prediction

The effects of temperature and relative humidity on Peronospora destructor sporulation on onion (Allium cepa) leaves were studied under controlled environmental conditions. Sporangia were produced most rapidly at 8 to 12°C after 5 h of high humidity during dark periods. The greatest number of sporangia was produced at 100% relative humidity (RH), and sporulation decreased to almost nil when humidity decreased to 93% RH. A model, named MILIONCAST (an acronym for MILdew on onION foreCAST), was developed based on the data from these controlled environment studies to predict the rate of sporulation in relation to temperature and relative humidity. The accuracy of prediction of sporulation was evaluated by comparing predictions with observations of sporulation on infected plants in pots outdoors. The accuracy of MILIONCAST was compared with the accuracy of existing models based on DOWNCAST. MILIONCAST gave more correct predictions of sporulation than the DOWNCAST models and a random model. All models based on DOWNCAST were more accurate than the random model when compared on the basis of all predictions (including positive and negative predictions), but they gave fewer correct predictions of sporulation than the random model. De Visser's DOWNCAST and ONIMIL improved their accuracy of prediction of sporulation events when the threshold humidity for sporulation was reduced to 92% RH. The temporal pattern of predicted sporulation by MILIONCAST generally corresponded well to the pattern of sporulation observed on the outdoor potted plants at Wellesbourne, UK.

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Inter- and intra-varietal variation in aerobic methane emissions from environmentally stressed pea plants

Botany ◽

10.1139/cjb-2018-0126 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 96 (12) ◽

pp. 837-850 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Awatif M. Abdulmajeed ◽

Mohammad I. Abo Gamar ◽

Mirwais M. Qaderi

Keyword(s):

Stress Factors ◽

Interactive Effects ◽

Controlled Environment ◽

Uvb Radiation ◽

Pisum Sativum L ◽

Temperature Regimes ◽

Varietal Variation ◽

Growth Chambers ◽

Effects Of Temperature ◽

Two Temperature

Environmental stress factors can influence methane (CH4) emissions from plants. There are a few studies on the interactive effects of stress factors on plant aerobic CH4, but none on the comparative evaluation of CH4 emissions between and among plant varieties. We examined the effects of temperature, UVB radiation, and watering regime on CH4 emissions from 10 pea (Pisum sativum L.) varieties first and then selected two varieties with the highest (237J Sundance; var. 1) and lowest (422 Ho Lan Dow; var. 2) emissions for further studies. Plants were grown in controlled-environment growth chambers under two temperature regimes (22 °C / 18 °C and 28 °C / 24 °C, 16 h light / 8 h dark), two UVB levels (0 and 5 kJ·m−2·d−1), and two watering regimes (well-watered and water-stressed) for 14 days, after one week of growth under 22 °C / 18 °C. Higher temperatures and water stress increased CH4 emissions, and increased emission was associated with stress. Pea varieties varied in growth and CH4 emissions; var. 1 was more stressed and had higher emission than var. 2. In the stressed variety, the water-stressed plants grown under higher temperatures at UVB5 had the highest CH4 emission, whereas the well-watered plants grown under lower temperatures at UVB5 had the lowest emission. We conclude that climatic stress conditions increase CH4 emissions, which vary with plant varieties.

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