Phylogenetic placement of a new hoplonemertean species commensal on ascidians

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 616 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Junoy ◽  
Sónia C. S. Andrade ◽  
Gonzalo Giribet
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Ribosomal Gene ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Sea Squirt

The hoplonemertean Vieitezia luzmurubeae, gen. et sp. nov. is described from specimens collected in a national park on the north-west Iberian Peninsula, the Parque Nacional Marítimo-Terrestre das Illas Atlánticas de Galicia. The species, previously mistaken as the Mediterranean species Tetrastemma vittigerum (Bürger, 1904), is frequently associated with two common species of sea squirt, Phallusia mamillata (Cuvier, 1815) and Ciona intestinalis (Linnaeus, 1767), inside which the nemertean completes its life cycle. Some of the specimens examined were protandrous hermaphrodites. Data on morphology and anatomy are provided with illustrations. Sequences of the nuclear ribosomal gene 18S rRNA and the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I were compared with those of other hoplonemertean species and all phylogenetic analyses suggested that Vieitezia is sister to the genus Gononemertes, which parasitises ascidians, within a clade also containing the genera Oerstedia and Nemertellina. In contrast, the morphologically similar genus Tetrastemma appears in a separate clade. This study stresses the need for combining molecular and morphological data when studying nemertean biodiversity.

What was the vegetation in northwest Australia during the Paleogene, 66–23million years ago?

2018 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael K. Macphail ◽  
Robert S. Hill
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
National Park ◽  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
First Record ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Dry Conditions

Fossil pollen and spores preserved in drillcore from both the upper South Alligator River (SARV) in the Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory and the North-West Shelf, Western Australia provide the first record of plants and plant communities occupying the coast and adjacent hinterland in north-west Australia during the Paleogene 66 to 23million years ago. The palynologically-dominant woody taxon is Casuarinaceae, a family now comprising four genera of evergreen scleromorphic shrubs and trees native to Australia, New Guinea, South-east Asia and Pacific Islands. Rare taxa include genera now mostly restricted to temperate rainforest in New Guinea, New Caledonia, New Zealand, South-East Asia and/or Tasmania, e.g. Dacrydium, Phyllocladus and the Nothofagus subgenera Brassospora and Fuscospora. These appear to have existed in moist gorges on the Arnhem Land Plateau, Kakadu National Park. No evidence for Laurasian rainforest elements was found. The few taxa that have modern tropical affinities occur in Eocene or older sediments in Australia, e.g. Lygodium, Anacolosa, Elaeagnus, Malpighiaceae and Strasburgeriaceae. We conclude the wind-pollinated Oligocene to possibly Early Miocene vegetation in the upper SARV was Casuarinaceae sclerophyll forest or woodland growing under seasonally dry conditions and related to modern Allocasuarina/Casuarina formations. There are, however, strong floristic links to coastal communities growing under warm to hot, and seasonally to uniformly wet climates in north-west Australia during the Paleocene-Eocene.

scholarly journals Contrasting Phylogeographic Patterns Among Northern and Southern Hemisphere Fin Whale Populations With New Data From the Southern Pacific

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJosé Pérez-Alvarez ◽  
Sebastián Kraft ◽  
Nicolás I. Segovia ◽  
Carlos Olavarría ◽  
Sergio Nigenda-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Hemisphere ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Fin Whale ◽  
Middle Latitudes ◽  
The North ◽  
Southeastern Pacific ◽  
Fin Whales ◽  
Dispersal Events

Four fin whale sub-species are currently considered valid: Balaenoptera physalus physalus in the North Atlantic, B. p. velifera in the North Pacific, B. p. quoyi and B. p. patachonica in the Southern Hemisphere. The last, not genetically validated, was described as a pygmy-type sub-species, found in low to mid latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere. Genetic analyses across hemispheres show strong phylogeographic structure, yet low geographic coverage in middle latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere impeded an assessment within the area, as well as evaluating the validity of B. p. patachonica. New mtDNA sequences from the Southeastern Pacific allowed an improved coverage of the species’ distribution. Our phylogenetic analyses showed three main lineages and contrasting phylogeographic patterns between Northern and Southern Hemispheres. Absence of recurrent female mediated gene flow between hemispheres was found; however, rare dispersal events revealing old migrations were noted. The absence of genetic structure suggests the existence of one single taxa within the Southern Hemisphere. Thus, until further evidence supporting this subspecies can be produced, such as genetic, ecological, behavioral, or morphological data, we propose that all fin whales from the Southern Hemisphere, including those from middle latitudes of the Southeastern Pacific belong to B. p. quoyi subspecies. This information is important for the current assessment of fin whales, contributing to the evaluation of the taxonomic classification and the conservation of the species.

scholarly journals Etude Eco-Dendrométrique Du Dépérissement Du Cèdre De l’Atlas Dans Le Parc National De Theniet El Had “Algérie”

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (29) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Taleb Mohamed Lamine ◽  
Maatoug M’hamed ◽  
Azouzi Blel ◽  
Zedek Mohamed ◽  
Hellal Benchabane
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
National Park ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Ecological Data ◽  
Descriptive Data ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to search the relationship between the decline of the Atlas cedar and the eco-dendrometrique factors in the National Park of Theniet El Had located in the north-west of Algeria. This study takes place throughout 30 circular plots of 1.000m2 area in which, a dendrometric measures and ecological data are taken in addition to descriptive data for Atlas cedar trees. The descriptive data shows that 34% of inventoried Atlas cedar have damaged leaves and 30% have more then 25% of their crowns damaged. The analysis of variance shows that there is no relationship between the rate of the Atlas cedar decline ant the ecological factors, components of the soil and dendrometric parameters except for the average circumference witch is influenced by the competition between trees. Therefor, a particular management plan for the regulation of competition is a necessity for this park.

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular characterisation of Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Hoplolaimidae), a lance nematode from Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA

Nematology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 923-935 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinyuan Ma ◽  
Robert T. Robbins ◽  
Ernest C. Bernard ◽  
Claudia M. Holguin ◽  
Paula Agudelo
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
National Park ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Tail Region ◽  
Head Region ◽  
Lateral Field ◽  
Great Smoky Mountains ◽  
Smoky Mountains ◽  
Lance Nematode

Summary Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. is a new species of lance nematode collected in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, USA. Females of H. smokyensis n. sp. have a labial region characterised by six, occasionally five, annules. The basal lip annule is subdivided by about 24 longitudinal striae. The stylet averages 47 μm long with robust, tulip-shaped stylet knobs bearing anterior projections. The hemizonid is ca 4 μm anterior to the excretory pore. The lateral field is incompletely areolated and has four continuous incisures from the metacorpus region to the tail region. There are three pharyngeal gland nuclei. Vulval epiptygma are absent. The scutellate phasmids are located one anterior and one posterior to the vulva. The male is shorter than the female and the head region is higher and more rounded than that of the female. The bursa extends to the tail tip and the gubernaculum is large and protrusible and has titillae and a capitulum. Morphologically, H. smokyensis n. sp. is most similar to H. galeatus and H. stephanus, but can be distinguished by differences such as the number of annules and longitudinal striae on the lip region and morphometric values. Hoplolaimus smokyensis n. sp. is also genetically distinct from other species according to comparisons of ribosomal and mitochondrial DNA sequences. Phylogenetic analyses based on ribosomal and mitochondrial gene sequences suggest that H. smokyensis n. sp. is a lineage distinct from related Hoplolaimus species.

A new record of Tricholoma caligatum (Tricholomataceae) from North Africa with a discussion of related species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 282 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
MOUNIA BENAZZA-BOUREGBA ◽  
JEAN-MICHEL SAVOIE ◽  
ZOHRA FORTAS ◽  
CHRISTOPHE BILLETTE
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
North Africa ◽  
New Record ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Mixed Forest ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
North African ◽  
Mediterranean Species ◽  
Molecular Analyses ◽  
The North

Among the Basidiomycota, matsutake are the most appreciated mushrooms in Japan. Some Tricholoma species belonging to matsutake group are exported from North Africa to Japan. Until the beginning of the 21st century, the North African ‘matsutake’ was identified as T. caligatum, which is a circum-Mediterranean species described in 1834. However, recent molecular analyses uncover some North African isolates as T. anatolicum, which is a species described from Turkey in 2003. As a result, the presence of T. caligatum in North Africa remained to be confirmed. We analyzed a recent specimen collected in Algeria from mixed forest and based on molecular and morphological data, we found that it belongs to T. caligatum, indicating the existence of two species in North Africa. Morphological traits and molecular markers are proposed here to easily distinguish these two species from each other. The concept of both the species and their respective geographic distributions are discussed.

scholarly journals VIII. Recommendations

Oryx ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 84-84
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Migration Routes ◽  
North West ◽  
The North

The following recommendations are made :—(1) That the present Mahendra National Park be enlarged and extended (a) Southwards to include the migration routes and rhinoceros areas as far as the Reu valley, and (b) Northwestwards to include the scenic area in the north-west. See Sections V and VI and Map 3. And that this national park be fully protected with buffer belts where possible.(2) That the riverain tracts of the Narayani, Rapti and Reu rivers which contain rhinoceros be designated as National Park Extension Areas or Protected Areas, with rights of local villagers for grazing, cutting firewood and cutting thatch to continue as before, but to remain free of settlement and cultivation.

scholarly journals Status of Bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) and Buffalo (Syncerus caffer) in the North and South Eastern Parts of the Kimbi-Fungom National Park, North West Region of Cameroon

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 84-107
Author(s):  
NKEMTAJI Franklin NDA ◽  
TSI Evaristus ANGWAFO ◽  
FOMINYAM Christopher ◽  
MVO Denis CHUO ◽  
FOTANG CHEFOR ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Syncerus Caffer ◽  
North West ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
The North ◽  
West Region ◽  
North And South

scholarly journals Phenotypic and molecular characterization of fluoroquinolone resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in Palestine

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Adwan ◽  
G. Omar
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
West Bank ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Population Diversity ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Medical Centers

Abstract Fluoroquinolones are important antimicrobial agents for the treatment of Pseudomonas infections. A total of 11 isolates of P. aeruginosa were collected from different clinical samples from different medical centers in the North West Bank-Palestine during 2017. In this study, resistance to fluoroquinolones and secretions of β-lactamases were detected by phenotypic methods, while presence of β-lactamase gene sequences and other virulence factors were detected by PCR technique. PCR product for gyrA, parC and parE genes were sequenced for further analyses. The phylogenetic analyses, population diversity indices and haplotypes determination were conducted using computer programs MEGA version 6, DnaSP 5.1001 and median-joining algorithm in the program Network 5, respectively. Results of this study showed that the MIC for ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin had a range of 32-256 µg/ml. In addition, all isolates carried either exoT or exoT and exoY genes, different β-lactamase genes and 82% of these isolates harbored class 1 integrons. Analyses of the gyrA, parC and parE sequences were found to be polymorphic, had high haplotype diversity (0.945-0.982), low nucleotide diversity (0.01225-0.02001) and number of haplotypes were 9 for each gyrA and parE genes and 10 haplotypes for parC gene. The founder haplotypes being Hap-1 (18%), Hap-2 (27.3%) and Hap-6 (9.1%) for gyrA, parC and parE genes, respectively. Two of ParE haplotypes were detected as indel haplotypes. The Median-joining- (MJ) networks constructed from haplotypes of these genes showed a star-like expansion. The neutrality tests (Tajima’s D test and Fu’s Fs test) for these genes showed negative values. Palestinian fluoroquinolone resistant P. aeruginosa strains showed high MIC level for fluoroquinolones, β-lactamase producers, carried type III secretion exotoxin-encoding genes, most of them had integrase I gene and had high level of mutations in QRDR regions in gyrA, parC and parE genes. All these factors may play an important role in the invasiveness of these strains and make them difficult to treat. Isolation of these strains from different medical centers, indicate the need for a strict application of infection control measures in Medical centers in the North West Bank-Palestine that aim to reduce expense and damage caused by P. aeruginosa infections. Molecular analyses showed that Palestinian fluoroquinolone resistant P. aeruginosa haplotypes are not genetically differentiated; however, more mutations may exist in these strains.

scholarly journals An ecological study of the plant communities in the proposed Highveld National Park, in the peri-urban area of Potchefstroom, South Africa

Koedoe ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahlomola E. Daemane ◽  
Sarel S. Cilliers ◽  
Hugo Bezuidenhout
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
National Park ◽  
Environmental Planning ◽  
Detrended Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
High Conservation ◽  
Grassland Biome

The proposed Highveld National Park (HNP) is an area of high conservation value in South Africa, covering approximately 0.03% of the endangered Grassland Biome. The park is situated immediately adjacent to the town of Potchefstroom in the North-West Province. The objective of this study was to identify, classify, describe and map the plant communities in this park. Vegetation sampling was done by means of the Braun-Blanquet method and a total of 88 stratified random relevés were sampled. A numerical classification technique (TWINSPAN) was used and the results were refined by Braun-Blanquet procedures. The final results of the classification procedure were presented in the form of phytosociological tables and, thereafter, nine plant communities were described and mapped. A detrended correspondence analysis confirmed the presence of three structural vegetation units, namely woodland, shrubland and grassland. Differences in floristic composition in the three vegetation units were found to be influenced by environmental factors, such as surface rockiness and altitude. Incidences of harvesting trees for fuel, uncontrolled fires and overgrazing were found to have a significant effect on floristic and structural composition in the HNP. The ecological interpretation derived from this study can therefore be used as a tool for environmental planning and management of this grassland area.Conservation implications: Grasslands are amongst the most threatened and least conserved vegetation biomes in South Africa, with less than 1.3% currently being conserved. The HNP has significant value for biodiversity conservation and the protection of this area will contribute to the preservation of the highly threatened Highveld vegetation types. 

A Significant Range Extension Of The Purple-Necked Petrogale Purpureicollis Rockwallaby

2001 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
PM Johnson ◽  
MDB Eldridge ◽  
V Kiernan ◽  
RJ Cupitt
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
National Park ◽  
Mining Operation ◽  
Range Extension ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
The Town ◽  
Mt Isa

IN 1982, the Queensland subspecies of the blackfooted rock-wallaby Petrogale lateralis purpureicollis was reported to occur around Mt Isa and south to around Dajarra (Briscoe et al. 1982). During 1991, the known range of this taxon was extended 300 km to the north-west when an adult female P. l. purpureicollis was collected from ?Ridgepole Waterhole? in the Musselbrook Resource Reserve near Lawn Hill National Park (Eldridge et al. 1993). In 1994 the range was further extended when P. l. purpureicollis was recorded from the Constance Ranges and the upper reaches of Stockyard and Elizabeth Creeks; around the town of Cloncurry and the following distances from the town: 85 km north west; 60 and 87 km west; 4, 23, 28 and 35 km south and 15 km east (Bell et al. 1995). Approaches by the Cannington Mining operation to the southwest of McKinley in October 1999 to confirm the presence of rock-wallabies on nearby Glenholme Station established the presence of P. l. purpureicollis; a 75 km range extension to the south-east.

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