DNA barcoding of Greenideinae (Hemiptera : Aphididae) with resolving taxonomy problems

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing-Hua Liu ◽  
Li-Yun Jiang ◽  
Ge-Xia Qiao
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Cytb Gene ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
Congeneric Species ◽  
Species Circumscription

Species of the Greenideinae are distributed mainly throughout South-east Asia and include some important agricultural and horticultural pests. Rapid and accurate species circumscription and identification in this subfamily are very difficult because similar morphological traits are shared among congeneric species. Here, we test the efficiency of DNA barcoding in the Greenideinae by analysing 214 samples covering 42 species belonging to nine genera using two mitochondrial gene fragments (COI barcode fragment and Cytb gene fragment). The results show that DNA barcoding is a useful species identification method in this subfamily. Both genes can correctly identify most species using neighbour-joining tree analyses and distance-based analyses. Based on the molecular and morphological evidence, we question the validity of two species, Mollitrichosiphum rhusae Ghosh, 1917 and Schoutedenia emblica (Patel & Kulkarni, 1953). Further analysis of the COI barcode fragment shows that Greenidea psidii van der Goot, 1917, an invasive species in Hawaii, is possibly from China. This is a preliminary DNA barcoding study in Greenideinae, and comprehensive sampling is needed to rigorously test the usefulness of DNA barcoding in this subfamily.

New circumscription of Cryptanthus and new Cryptanthoid genera and subgenera  (Bromeliaceae: Bromelioideae) based on neglected morphological traits and molecular phylogeny

Phytotaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 318 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
ELTON M. C. LEME ◽  
SASCHA HELLER ◽  
GEORG ZIZKA ◽  
HEIDEMARIE HALBRITTER
Keyword(s):  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Stigma Morphology ◽  
Leaf Succulence ◽  
Petal Size

The authors provide a new circumscription for genera of the “Cryptanthoid complex” of Bromeliaceae subfam. Bromelioideae, originally composed of Cryptanthus, Lapanthus, Orthophytum, and Sincoraea, on the basis of new or re-evaluated ecological, geographical and morphological evidence, as well as molecular phylogenies. A new generic status is proposed for Cryptanthus subg. Hoplocryptanthus and two new genera, Forzzaea, and Rokautskyia, as well as four new subgenera in Orthophytum (Capixabanthus, Clavanthus, Krenakanthus, and Orthocryptanthus) are described to render taxonomic units monophyletic. The recognized taxa are well circumscribed by the combination of geographical range, ecology and morphological characters (sex distribution, leaf succulence, sepal and petal size and connation, petal appendages, pollen and stigma morphology, fruit size, calyx persistency, seed size and number per fruit). Field collected living specimens of 78 of the 81 species of Cryptanthus s.l., all species of Lapanthus, 58 of the 59 species of Orthophytum, and all species of Sincoraea were analysed in habitat and/or in cultivation, allowing the documentation and illustration of new and underutilized characters. The molecular analysis incorporated 91 accessions representing 33 species of Cryptanthus, all species (3) of Lapanthus, 42 species of Orthophytum, and 9 species of Sincoraea, including the type species for the first three genera and four outgroup taxa. The results suggest, that some morphological characters generally considered homoplasious for Bromelioideae, for the “Cryptanthoid complex”, are not homoplasious at least within the obtained, biogeographycally well delimited clades and their taxonomical utility is redeemed.

Use of DNA barcoding to detect invertebrate invasive species from diapausing eggs

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1325-1340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeta Briski ◽  
Melania E. Cristescu ◽  
Sarah A. Bailey ◽  
Hugh J. MacIsaac
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Diapausing Eggs

scholarly journals The first representatives of the millipede family Glomeridellidae (Diplopoda, Glomerida) recorded from China and Indochina

ZooKeys ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 954 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Weixin Liu ◽  
Sergei Golovatch
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Guizhou Province ◽  
The Family ◽  
Structural Details ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
A New Species

A new species of glomeridellid millipede is described from Guizhou Province, southern China: Tonkinomeris huzhengkunisp. nov. This new epigean species differs very clearly in many structural details, being sufficiently distinct morphologically and disjunct geographically from T. napoensis Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek, 2019, the type and sole species of Tonkinomeris Nguyen, Sierwald & Marek, 2019, which was described recently from northern Vietnam. The genus Tonkinomeris is formally relegated from Glomeridae and assigned to the family Glomeridellidae, which has hitherto been considered strictly Euro-Mediterranean in distribution and is thus new to the diplopod faunas of China and Indochina. Tonkinomeris is re-diagnosed and shown to have perhaps the basalmost position in the family Glomeridellidae. Its relationships are discussed, both morphological and zoogeographical, within and outside the Glomeridellidae, which can now be considered as relict and basically Oriental in origin. Because of the still highly limited array of DNA-barcoding sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene available in the GenBank, the first molecular phylogenetic analysis of Glomerida attempted here shows our phylogram to be too deficient to consider meaningful.

Morphological description and DNA barcoding of Chaetocladius (Chaetocladius) elisabethae sp. nov. (Diptera: Chironomidae: Orthocladiinae) from the Moscow Region

Zootaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4403 (2) ◽  
pp. 378 ◽  
Author(s):  
EUGENYI A. MAKARCHENKO ◽  
MARINA A. MAKARCHENKO ◽  
ALEXANDER A. SEMENCHENKO ◽  
DMITRY M. PALATOV
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Moscow Region ◽  
Morphological Description ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Male Pupa

Illustrated descriptions of the adult male, pupa and fourth instar larva, as well as DNA barcoding results of Chaetocladius (Chaetocladius) elisabethae sp. nov. in comparison with closely related species of Chaetocladius s. str. from the Moscow Region are provided. A reference 658 bp barcode sequence from a fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome oxidase I (COI) was used as a tool for species delimitation. Comparisons with corresponding regions of COI between C. (s. str.) elisabethae sp. nov. and other species of the subgenus produced K2P genetic distances of 0.11–0.16, values well associated with interspecific variation. The barcodes of the new species were identical to the Chaetocladius sp. 2ES in BOLD systems. Molecular data were also used for the reconstruction of the phylogenetic relationships within the subgenus Chaetocladius s. str. 

scholarly journals DNA barcoding cannot reliably identify species of the blowfly genus Protocalliphora (Diptera: Calliphoridae)

2007 ◽  
Vol 274 (1619) ◽  
pp. 1731-1739 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.L Whitworth ◽  
R.D Dawson ◽  
H Magalon ◽  
E Baudry
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Introgressive Hybridization ◽  
Species Number ◽  
Closely Related Species ◽  
Endosymbiotic Bacteria ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Mtdna Introgression ◽  
Mtdna Haplotype

In DNA barcoding, a short standardized DNA sequence is used to assign unknown individuals to species and aid in the discovery of new species. A fragment of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 is emerging as the standard barcode region for animals. However, patterns of mitochondrial variability can be confounded by the spread of maternally transmitted bacteria that cosegregate with mitochondria. Here, we investigated the performance of barcoding in a sample comprising 12 species of the blow fly genus Protocalliphora , known to be infected with the endosymbiotic bacteria Wolbachia . We found that the barcoding approach showed very limited success: assignment of unknown individuals to species is impossible for 60% of the species, while using the technique to identify new species would underestimate the species number in the genus by 75%. This very low success of the barcoding approach is due to the non-monophyly of many of the species at the mitochondrial level. We even observed individuals from four different species with identical barcodes, which is, to our knowledge, the most extensive case of mtDNA haplotype sharing yet described. The pattern of Wolbachia infection strongly suggests that the lack of within-species monophyly results from introgressive hybridization associated with Wolbachia infection. Given that Wolbachia is known to infect between 15 and 75% of insect species, we conclude that identification at the species level based on mitochondrial sequence might not be possible for many insects. However, given that Wolbachia -associated mtDNA introgression is probably limited to very closely related species, identification at the genus level should remain possible.

scholarly journals COI-based barcoding of Chinese vipers (Reptilia: Squamata: Viperidae)

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Liu ◽  
Fei Zhu ◽  
Guanghui Zhong ◽  
Yunyu Wang ◽  
Min Fang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Gene Fragment ◽  
Reference Library ◽  
Threshold Method ◽  
Cytochrome Oxidase Subunit ◽  
Barcoding Gap ◽  
Putative Species ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
Identification Of Species

DNA barcoding seeks to assemble a standardized reference library for rapid and unambiguous identification of species, and can be used to screen for potentially cryptic species. The 5′ region of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), which is a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) gene fragment, has been proposed as a universal marker for this purpose among animals. However, DNA barcoding of reptiles is still supported only by few datasets compared with other groups. We investigated the utilization of COI to discriminate 34 putative species of vipers, representing almost 92% of the recorded species in China. Based on a total of 241 sequences, our results indicated that the average degree of intraspecific variability (0.0198) tends to be one-sixth the average of interspecific divergence (0.0931), but no barcoding gap was detected between them. The threshold method, BLOG analyses and tree-based methods all can identify species with a high success rate. These results consistently suggested the usefulness and reliability of the DNA barcoding approach in Chinese vipers.

DNA barcoding of invasive species

2010 ◽  
pp. 289-299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh B. Cross ◽  
Andrew J. Lowe ◽  
Frederico D. Gurgel
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding

Descriptions of two new species of Hemileucinae (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae) from the region of Muzo in Colombia—evidence from morphology and DNA barcodes

Zootaxa ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 1944 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
THIBAUD DECAËNS ◽  
RODOLPHE ROUGERIE
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Male Genitalia ◽  
Mitochondrial Gene ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Genetic Distances ◽  
Ground Colour ◽  
Two New Species ◽  
Additional Support

Two new species of Hemileucinae are described from the region of Muzo (Boyaca department) in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. Leucanella bonillensis, new species, is a small greyish species whose closest relatives are L. newmani (Lemaire) and L. acutissima (Walker). It can be distinguished from those two species by several subtle differences in wing pattern and coloration as well as a few characters of the male genitalia, which are overall very conserved within the genus. Cerodirphia zulemae, new species, belongs to the very uniform species-group of C. speciosa (Cramer), characterised by a pink ground colour and the presence of a “Y”-shaped discal mark on the forewing. Based on its male genitalia, the new species is related to C. brunnea (Draudt) and C. apunctata Dias & Lemaire. It may be distinguished from the former by its more vivid ground colour, but detailed examination of the male genitalia are necessary to differentiate it from C. apunctata. Colour pictures of the habitus of the new species and their relatives are provided, and their genital structures are figured as well, including both sexes for C. zulemae. We also provide additional support to these descriptions based on genetic data obtained in the context of a global DNA barcoding campaign recently initiated for saturniid moths. Both L. bonillensis and C. zulemae are unambiguously distinguished from closest relatives based on genetic distances (no intraspecific distances in either case; interspecific distance ranges 5.6–6.6% and 6.7–12.5%, respectively) and inference of phylogenetic hypotheses based on partial sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene. These results emphasize the potential of DNA barcoding to support taxonomic work in species-groups considered difficult to address through morphology.

Morphology and DNA barcodes reveal the presence of the non-native land planarian Obama marmorata (Platyhelminthes : Geoplanidae) in Europe

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domingo Lago-Barcia ◽  
Fernando A. Fernández-Álvarez ◽  
Lisandro Negrete ◽  
Francisco Brusa ◽  
Cristina Damborenea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Barcoding ◽  
Geographic Origin ◽  
Original Description ◽  
Neotropical Region ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Intraspecific Divergence ◽  
Interspecific Divergence ◽  
Allochthonous Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
Land Planarian

We report for the first time the occurrence of Obama marmorata in the Iberian Peninsula as an introduced species from the Neotropical Region. The species is also reported for the first time in Argentina. The identification was made on the basis of morphological evidence. The divergence levels of a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochromec oxidaseI gene from Argentinean and Iberian samples were studied. The morphology of samples from the two regions was the same and matched the original description of the species. A DNA barcoding matrix was constructed using new sequences from O. marmorata and sequences of related species taken from GenBank. Among the Geoplanidae, interspecific divergence ranged between 3.3 and 14.4%, while intraspecific divergence percentages were 0–1.2%, signalling the presence of a DNA barcoding gap. All O. marmorata sequences, irrespective of their geographic origin, form a well supported clade with an intraspecific divergence of 0–0.9 (average = 0.4%). These results indicate the utility of DNA barcoding to discover allochthonous species in this group of organisms.

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